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Biomedical subjects

R G Carpenter

Publications and source records attributed to R G Carpenter.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of ventromedial hypothalamic lesions on the secretion of somatostatin, insulin, and glucagon by the perfused rat pancreas.

Somatostatin, insulin, and glucagon secretion by the perfused pancreas were studied in adult female rats 10 days after ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions and in sham operated controls to assess the role of their hypothalamic control. Insulin secretion was significantly greater in VMH-lesioned rats both under basal conditions and after stimulation by theophylline and arginine plus theophylline. Basal glucagon secretion was greater in VMH-lesioned rats as was the glucagon response to theophylline alone and in combination with arginine. Basal somatostatin secretion with similar in VMH and control rats but somatostatin secretion induced by theophylline and by arginine plus theophylline was significantly increased in VMH-lesioned rats. Both the pancreatic content and concentration of somatostatin were increased in VMH-lesioned rats. These results indicate the presence of hyperresponsiveness of A, B, and D cells following VMH destruction and provide new evidence for a role of the hypothalamus in the regulation of pancreatic somatostatin secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Identification of some infants at immediate risk of dying unexpectedly and justifying intensive study.

Children who die unexpectedly in infancy often have symptoms of illness before death. Survey data are used to evaluate risks associated with symptoms. There is a 1 in 50 chance of unexpected infant death occurring in the next 9 days when two or more symptoms occur in infants defined to be at high risk by a discriminant score. The score is based on data collected on all infants at birth and by health visitors at 1 month. This system would identify 50% of cot deaths and provides a basis for prospective physiological studies.

Child Reactive Disorders↗
PubMed1979

VMH obesity reduced but not reversed by scopolamine methyl nitrate.

Chronic administration of scopolamine methyl nitrate, at doses much greater than required to block vagally mediated insulin secretion, reduced static phase VMH obesity by only 31%. At least 59% of the obesity persisted even when the initially effective dose (0.15 mg/Kg, 4 times/day) was increased eight-fold. The larger dose also did not prevent VMH hyperphagia and weight gain when scopolamine treatment was begun before the lesion. By ten days after the lesion, reduced gastrointestinal motility apparently prevented further weight gain. These results suggest that much of the obesity caused by VMH lesions is independent of vagally mediated insulin secretion or other excess vagal efferent activity. The doses used in this experiment were large in order to provide strong evidence for this conclusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Multistage scoring system for identifying infants at risk of unexpected death.

Obstetric and perinatal records have been assembled on 250 infant deaths and an equal number of live controls including 55 deaths associated with congenital anomalies. The information was used to construct a scoring system to identify high-risk infants at birth. Parents of 115 of the cases and their controls were also interviewed and all hospital, general practitioner, and health service records abstracted. Cases and controls were compared item by item in respect of all information available up to the age of one month and a scoring system constructed for use at one month. The 'at birth' and combined scoring systems are presented. The chance of death by age attained is presented for various risk groups. In a small prospective test, the multistage scoring system was nearly 50% more effective than the birth score alone.

ABO Blood-Group System↗