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Biomedical subjects

R Frey

Publications and source records attributed to R Frey.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth after culturing proximal small-bowel aspirate obtained during routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the method of obtaining aspirated fluid for culture from the small intestine through a fiberoptic gastrointestinal endoscope for diagnosing small-bowel overgrowth. The study population consisted of 10 healthy volunteers and 26 patients with various gastrointestinal problems referred for routine endoscopic examination. The material to be cultured was obtained under direct visualization approximately 25 to 30 cm distal to the pylorus or from the afferent loop (in Billroth-II patients) with a sterilized sheathed wash pipe passed through the suction channel of the endoscope. Cultures were considered positive for bacterial overgrowth if total counts of organisms were 10(5)/ml or more. All healthy volunteers and 16 of 21 unoperated patients had sterile or insignificant growth, whereas all 5 patients who had Billroth-II operations had positive overgrowth. The endoscopic method for collection of proximal gastrointestinal fluid for culture is simple and can be performed during routine endoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Demonstration of the central effects of D,L-kawain with EEG brain mapping].

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled EEG-brain-mapping study Saletu et al. demonstrated the encephalotropic effects of single doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg D,L-kawain in healthy volunteers. The substance induced a dose-dependent increase in delta, theta and alpha 1 power, as well as a decrease in alpha 2 and beta power. The shift towards low frequences indicated a sedative effect of higher doses of D,L-kawain. Changes were most pronounced in the frontal regions. The pharmacodynamic peak was reached in the 1st hour; a 2nd peak was seen in the 8th hour. D,L-kawain at a dose of 200 mg had an initial activating effect, followed at a later stage by a mild sedative effect. Self-rating scales suggested activation after 200 mg, but mild sedation after 600 mg. Psychometric performance improved after all D,L-kawain doses; there were no adverse reactions.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1991

[Sensitivity and specificity of a simplified, standardized 13C-urea breath test for the demonstration of Helicobacter pylori].

A simplified 13C-urea breath test (UBT) for detection of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection was evaluated in 50 patients. Following upper gastrointestinal endoscopy the patients received 100 ml of a liquid test meal with 100 mg 13C-urea. Breath samples were obtained at baseline and 30 minutes respectively. The UBT was positive (difference of 13CO2 enrichment exceeding 5%) in 33/35 patients with culture-proven Hp infection and negative in 14/15 patients in whom microbiological culture, histology and a urease test (CLO-test) were negative. We conclude that in view of its high sensitivity (94%) and specificity (93%) the UBT is useful for rapid, non-invasive diagnosis of Hp infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Sleep laboratory studies on the single-dose effects of serotonin reuptake inhibitors paroxetine and fluoxetine on human sleep and awakening qualities.

Paroxetine is a novel antidepressant drug with selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitory properties. In a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover sleep laboratory study the single-dose effects on objective and subjective sleep and awakening qualities were investigated after paroxetine 20, 30 and 40 mg morning doses (PX 20, 30, 40), paroxetine 30 mg evening dose, fluoxetine 40 mg morning dose (FX 40) and placebo in 18 healthy young volunteers. The drugs were orally administered in 2-wk intervals. In addition to each drug night, the adaptation night and washout night were recorded. Polysomnographic investigations (10:30 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.) showed a delayed sleep onset only after the morning intake of paroxetine, PX 40 being statistically different from placebo. Total sleep time and sleep efficiency deteriorated under morning PX 30, PX 40 and evening PX 30 as compared to placebo. The nocturnal wake time and sleep stage 1 increased under the paroxetine. Rapid eye movement (REM) reduction (min and %) occurred dose dependently after all paroxetine doses, but the REM latency was lengthened only after the morning intake. The suppressant effect on REM sleep is characteristic for antidepressants and was still significant in the washout nights following PX 40 and evening PX 30. The only statistically relevant finding under 40 mg fluoxetine referred to the increase of REM latency in both drug and washout nights. In contrast to objective results, subjective sleep quality remained generally unchanged. Attention, concentration and reaction performance improved under paroxetine as compared to baseline. The deterioration of well-being under PX 40 might be related to the appearance of drowsiness and nausea. Blood pressure and pulse rate were unaffected.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome following administration of a L-tryptophan preparation].

An unusual new syndrome of eosinophilia and myalgia linked with the ingestion of L-tryptophan has recently been recorded in the USA. Some of the cases were lethal. In this report we describe a severe case of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome observed in a woman in Switzerland who fortunately recovered after one and a half years' duration. Thus far it is not clear if L-tryptophan or a contamination of the tryptophan is the cause of the syndrome.

Diagnosis, Differential↗