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Biomedical subjects

R Fontaine

Publications and source records attributed to R Fontaine.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Comparison of withdrawal of buspirone and diazepam: a placebo controlled study.

In a 8-week double-blind placebo controlled study, 48 outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder were randomized to diazepam, buspirone, a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic, or placebo. During the treatment phase of 4 weeks duration diazepam was found to be significantly better than placebo and buspirone. Following abrupt withdrawal by placebo substitution the diazepam group showed a gradual relapse maximal after two weeks while the buspirone and the placebo groups did not differ. There were more cases of rebound anxiety with diazepam as compared to buspirone or placebo. In addition, there were three early terminations related to rebound anxiety in the diazepam group while there were none in the placebo and buspirone groups. There were significantly more new symptoms in the diazepam group than in the placebo or buspirone group.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Obsessive disorder with self-mutilation: a subgroup responsive to pharmacotherapy.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can be considered a complex entity with possibly different subgroups responsive to specific treatment. This article presents two cases of OCD with self-mutilation, successfully treated with serotonergic antidepressants. The authors discuss a sub-group of OCD patients whose rituals present as self-destructive behavior and are responsive to pharmacotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Bromazepam and lorazepam in generalized anxiety: a placebo-controlled study with measurement of drug plasma concentrations.

Sixty outpatients with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety were randomly assigned to 4 weeks of treatment with bromazepam, lorazepam or placebo, following a 1-week placebo washout period. There was no significant difference in the anxiolytic effects of bromazepam and lorazepam, both of which were superior to placebo. However, lorazepam-treated patients tended to have a more depressed mood than those treated with bromazepam. Drug-treated patients had consistently less cognitive impairment than those treated with placebo, the difference being statistically significant (P less than .05) in the case of bromazepam. The most frequent side-effects reported with each drug were drowsiness, which tended to subside with time, and depression, which tended to emerge toward the end of the 4-week period. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.64) between age and bromazepam plasma concentration per unit dose, adjusted for weight, and a negative correlation (r = -0.50) between weight and lorazepam plasma concentration per unit dose, adjusted for age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of bulimia with nomifensine.

The authors treated 12 consecutive bulimic patients with nomifensine, a novel antidepressant recently approved for American use. Two patients developed fever, necessitating discontinuation of the drug. Of the other 10 patients, nine showed moderate or better improvement, with strikingly few side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

An open clinical trial of fluoxetine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

In a 9-week open label study, seven outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were treated with fluoxetine, a selective inhibitor of neuronal reuptake of serotonin. After a 7-day placebo washout period, patients were given a dose of 40 mg/day, which was gradually increased to a maximum of 80 mg/day. A significant improvement was found in the symptomatology of patients as measured on the obsessive-compulsive subscale of the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (p less than 0.001) and the Clinical Global Impression of severity of illness (p less than 0.01). These findings support the hypothesis that serotonergic antidepressants may be useful in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder and underline the need to carry out double-blind clinical trials to confirm these results.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Clonazepam in the treatment of patients with recurrent panic attacks.

Imipramine, phenelzine, and alprazolam have each been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of panic disorder and in agoraphobia with panic attacks. Clonazepam is a high-potency 1,4-benzodiazepine derivative with an intermediate to long elimination half-life that is used mainly in neurology as an antiepileptic. Eight cases of recurrent panic attacks successfully treated with clonazepam are reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

An open clinical trial of clonazepam in the treatment of patients with recurrent panic attacks.

Imipramine, phenelzine and alprazolam have each been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of panic disorder and in agoraphobia with panic attacks. Clonazepam, a 1,4 benzodiazepine derivative used mainly in neurology as an anti-epileptic, has specific pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties which would make it an advantageous antipanic agent. We report 8 cases of recurrent panic attacks which were successfully treated with clonazepam.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Fluoxetine in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder.

In a 9-week open-label study, 7 outpatients with obsessive compulsive disorder were treated with fluoxetine, a selective inhibitor of neuronal reuptake of serotonin. A significant improvement was found in the symptomatology of patients as measured on the obsessive compulsive subscale of the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (p less than 0.001) and the Clinical Global Impression of severity of illness (p less than 0.01). These findings support the hypothesis that serotoninergic antidepressants may be useful in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Unilateral ECT: advantages and efficacy in the treatment of depression.

Electroconvulsive therapy is an efficacious treatment for some acute or drug resistant psychiatric disorders. However, there is some concern with memory impairment and brain damage and in order to decrease these complications, some changes to the technical aspect of electroconvulsive therapy were implemented during the last few decades. One of the major changes is the use of unilateral electrical stimulation on the non-dominant hemisphere which leads to less memory impairment and faster recovery time of cognitive functions. However, for optimal efficacy several variables have to be understood and integrated: electrodes placement, interelectrodes distance, waveform stimuli.

Aged↗