Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Fogelholm

Publications and source records attributed to R Fogelholm.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Cigarette smoking and subarachnoid haemorrhage: a population-based case-control study.

Smoking habits were analysed in 114 patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage, less than 70 years old, obtained from an epidemiological study. One control, matched for age, sex, and domicile, was selected for each patient. Current cigarette smokers were significantly more prevalent among cases than controls, and the relative risk of subarachnoid haemorrhage compared with non-smokers was 2.7 in men and 3.0 in women. The so called metastatic emphysema theory with increased elastolytic activity in the serum of smokers is proposed as biochemical basis for the increased risk of subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Epidemiology of central nervous system neoplasms. A regional survey in Central Finland.

An epidemiologic survey of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms in Central Finland revealed a total of 367 neoplasms, 298 of which were diagnosed during 1975-82, the remaining being diagnosed earlier. Histological verification was available in 83% of intracranial and 90% of intraspinal neoplasms. 14% of the intracranial neoplasms diagnosed during 1975-82 were found incidentally at autopsy. Metastases corresponded to 18% of all CNS neoplasms. Age- and sex-adjusted annual incidence rates for primary and metastatic intracranial neoplasms were 12.3 and 3.4/100,000, and for intraspinal neoplasms 1.3 and 0.7/100,000, respectively. The total incidence of all CNS neoplasms was 17.7/100,000/year. Of the different types of intracranial neoplasms, meningiomas were more frequent among women than among men with a ratio of 8:1; metastases were more common among men with a ratio of 2.5:1. For primary intracranial neoplasms, point prevalences (January 1, 1983) were 65.9/100,000 and intraspinal neoplasms 9.1/100,000. The corresponding period prevalences for 1982 were 73.7 and 9.5/100,000.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Multiple intracranial meningiomas associated with intracranial arterial aneurysm.

This report illustrates a patient who was found to harbor eight separate meningiomas associated with an intracranial arterial aneurysm. Five of the meningiomas were extirpated and the aneurysm was wrapped. The causality between multiple meningiomas and aneurysm is obscure. Although the introduction of CT has facilitated the diagnosis of multiple meningiomas there are however areas especially in the base of the skull and high parasagittally where small meningiomas may remain undetected.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Electrocardiographic findings in subarachnoid hemorrhage. A population study.

The prevalence of ECG abnormalities and their prognostic value in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were analysed in patients from an epidemiological study on SAH. The analysis was based on ECGs recorded during the first 72 hours after bleeding. An ECG recording was obtained in 29% of patients dying within 7 days after SAH, and in 64% of those surviving longer. Tachycardia over 100 beats/min, P mitrale, and ST segment depression greater than 1.0 mm or elevation greater than 2.5 mm were statistically significantly more common among patients dying within 7 days after bleeding. ECG changes reflecting myocardial ischemia or a compromised hemodynamic state observed during the first 3 days after SAH seem to have an untoward effect on the prognosis.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1983

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Middle-Finland: an epidemiological study.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was diagnosed in 36 patients in Middle-Finland Central Hospital District during 1976-1981. The annual incidence of ALS was 2.4 per 100,000 population and the prevalence rate was 6.4 per 100,000 population. The age-specific incidences of ALS were similar for men and women with a maximum of 14/100,000/year in the age group 60-69 years. The initial symptoms originated in 37% of the patients from bulbar and in 63% from spinal levels. Bulbar onset was more common in patients aged 60 years or more compared with younger patients. Patients with bulbar onset had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with spinal onset, which explained the poorer prognosis of older patients. 4 matched controls were chosen for each ALS patient from the files of the Central Hospital. There was no difference between the patients and the controls with respect to previous injuries, surgical operations, malignant neoplasms, or exposure to domestic animals. An earlier observation that evacuees from Karelia ceded to USSR after World War II should have a prevalence twice that of the remaining population was not substantiated.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension with slit ventricles.

A case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome is described. Computed tomography showed slit ventricles with tight basal cisterns. Prompt improvement of symptoms was achieved by intramuscular dexamethasone treatment. A follow-up CT scan demonstrated re-expansion of ventricles and basal cisterns.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cerebrospinal fluid sorbitol and myoinositol in diabetic polyneuropathy.

Changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of sorbitol and myoinositol in 21 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy were studied with gas-liquid chromatography. The sorbitol concentration was significantly increased in diabetic patients with elevated plasma glucose. Myoinositol concentration was significantly decreased in patients with polyneuropathy compared with the controls. Both alterations in polyol concentrations of the CSF were present already two months from onset of symptoms of diabetes. Patients with peripheral polyneuropathy receiving oral hypoglycemic drugs did not have elevated plasma glucose and CSF sorbitol levels, but showed significantly decreased CSF myoinositol concentrations compared with the controls. These observations suggest that myoinositol concentration may be decreased in the central nervous system in adult onset mild diabetes with normal plasma glucose and that the decrease in the myoinositol in CSF possibly is connected with the development of neuropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The effect of psychotropic drugs on the TSH-response to thyroliberin (TRH).

The effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ), thioridazine (TR), L-dopa, fusaric acid (FA), pimozide (PZ) and propranolol (P) in the i.v. thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test was studied in 75 subjects. It was found that chronic treatment with CPZ, TR and L-dopa inhibits the response to TRH. FA may to some extent counteract the effect of L-dopa. The results indicate that the response of the pituitary to TRH as regards the secretion of TSH is mainly regulated by norepinephrinergic alpha-receptors.

Chlorpromazine↗
PubMed1977

Comparison between the effects of pindolol and propranolol on essential tremor.

The effects of 120 mg propranolol and 15 mg pindolol daily on positional tremor of 24 patients with benign essential tremor were analyzed with a double-blind crossover trial and electrical tremor recording. Compared with the placebo effect, tremor amplitude was smaller under propranolol and larger under pindolol, whereas the frequency did not change.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Combined dexamethasone and low-molecular-weight dextran in acute brain infarction: double-blind study.

Intramuscular dexamethasone combined with intravenous low-molecular-weight dextran (dextran 40) was compared with placebo in 40 patients with acute ischaemic cerebral infarction. A double-blind procedure was used. Dexamethasone was given for up to 14 days and dextran 40 for up to three days after the infarction. A weighted scoring system was used to evaluate neurological state and mobility. There were no differences in mortality or in improvement of the neurological or mobility scores between the two groups.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1976

Effect of propranolol on essential tremor.

The investigators tested the effect of 120 mg propranolol daily on 21 patients with essential tremor using a double-blind cross-over method and electrical recording of tremor amplitude and frequency. The patients varied in age between 15 and 60 years and had a mean tremor frequency of 10 cps. Propranolol had no effect on the tremor frequency but reduced the amplutide in 15 of the patients. Propranolol was most effective in older patients and in those with slow tremor frequencies.

Adolescent↗