Multiparameter studies in lymphoid leukemias.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Foa.
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The formation of T-lymphocyte colonies was studied in normal individuals and in different lymphoproliferative disorders, using the double layer technique of Lowenberg & de Zeeuw (1977). All normal peripheral blood and bone marrow samples formed colonies: range 102-270 (mean 177) and 55-245 (mean 138) per 1 X 10(5) cells, respectively. Bone marrows from acute leukaemias in complete remission showed normal or increased colony formation. The T cell nature of the colonies was shown by rosette formation with sheep and human red blood cells (RBC). Most lymphoproliferative disorders of T and B cell either failed to grow colonies or showed reduced colony numbers. This was of particular interest in the chronic T cell disorders in which a high proportion of T cells was plated. This technique may help in the further characterization of leukaemic cell populations and may also provide clues on the distribution of particular subsets of T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood and bone marrow.
The distribution of two cell membrane enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and alkaline phosphodiesterase I has been studied in normal and leukaemic lymphocytes. No reduction in the level of activity of either enzyme was found in the chronic or acute B- and T-cell leukaemias. Alkaline phosphatase activity was elevated in the lymphocytes from T-CLL, cord blood and tonsils and the blast cells from Null-ALL. Alkaline phosphodiesterase was elevated in lymphocytes from cord blood and tonsils and the blast cells from Null-ALL. As findings in Null-ALL were based on only two cases, they need confirmation in a larger series. The significance of these results is discussed in relation to current theories of maturation and differentiation in the lymphoproliferative disorders.
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The enzyme 5' nucleotidase (E.C.3.1.3.5.) is present in lymphocytes isolated from the blood of normal subjects. The activity was extremely low in lymphocytes from 17 patients with B lymphocytic leukaemias. Removal of normal lymphocytes from the B-cell leukaemic samples decreased further the enzyme activity. Moderately low values were observed in three cases of T-ALL and in the cells from a case of Sézary syndrome. In contrast, normal or high values were observed in three cases of ALL in which T and B markers were not demonstrable and in two of T-CLL. No differences were observed in partially purified subpopulations of normal B and T cells.
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