Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Ferrando

Publications and source records attributed to R Ferrando.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Toxicity by relay. I. General principles of a new method for the assessment of Toxicity of addivitives to animal feeds].

Chemical substances added for various purposes to the feeds of farm-reared animals may enter the body of these animals. This may lead to the persistence, in food offered for human consumption, of residues which may be potentially toxic under conditions of repeated absorption over the greater part of the life span. The evaluation of the safety of these residues for man poses complex problems. Their ideal solution demands very often a number of careful experiments. The methodology called "toxicity by relay" consists essentially of the submission of the animal feed itself, which is likely to contain a mosaic of residues, to long-term testing in laboratory animals. Provided a satisfactory safety factor can be applied, this methodology can contribute information permittinga conclusion regarding the acceptablity, even provisionally, of the feed additive for the use which is envisaged. In addition this methodology enables the provision of results constituting a criterion for the rejection of the additive under test. For these reasons it appears to us an appropriate procedure, taking its place among the tests to be undertaken for the toxicological evaluation of additves to the feeds of farm-reared animals.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1975

[Toxicity by relay. II. A method for the asessment of safety to human consumers of carbadox, a growth-promoting additive to the feed of slaughter pigs].

A toxicity by relay. II. A method for the assessment of safety to human consumers of carbadox, a growth-promoting additive to the feed of slaughter pigs. A new methodology called "toxicity by relay" has been used to assess the potential hazard to humans of incorporating an additive into animal feeds. This methodology considers a farm-reared animal as a "relay" between the food additive and the human consumer, and employs laboratory animals as "pseudo-consumers". These laboratory animals are fed throughout their entire lives with the meat or organs of the "relay" animals which have been reared on feeds supplemented with various levels of the additive. In the present study, the toxicity of carbadox was assessed in this way. In pigs, where it is used as a growth promoter, carbadox is metabolised into serveal different products, and so an assessment of its safety using traditional methods of studying the toxicity of a substance and tis known metabolites, would perhaps be subject to error. A safety factor for man, in relation to the safety factors for rats and dogs, was calculated using (a) the comparative consumption of the laboratory animals and man; (b) an assessment of the highest dosage likely to be consumed in normal circumstances compared to the laboratory dosage, and (c) the consideration that in the laboratory there is no period of withdrawal from feeding before sacrifice as is the case with animals for slaughter. Pigs were used as "relays" in the present study by supplementing their feed with carbadox. The meat and/or livers of these animals were then fed daily to (a) rats for a period of 3 generations; (b) rats for 24-25 months, and (c) dogs for 60 months. No abnormalities were observed at the termination of the experiments. We may therefore conclude that there is no hazard for the human consumer from the use of carbadox as a pig-feed additive.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of ammonia treatment of peanut meal cake contaminated with A. flavus on nutritional value for the duckling].

Duckling are feeding peanut and meal detoxified or not by ammonia at the level of 25 p. 100. Control group are eating soybean meal at the same level. The raw protein content of diet is the same in each group. Experiment is carried out during four weeks, then duckling are killed. There is no significative difference between peanut meal detoxified and soybean meal relating to growth and food efficiency. Thus body weight is 775 and 764 g on duckling eating soybean meal; 764 and 827 g on duckling with peanut meal detoxified but only 472 and 452 g on birds with diet containing peanut meal not detoxified by NH3. Liver's weight is increased on these subjects. The ratio of liver weight to body weight X 100 is 5,49-4,79 and, respectively, 2,70-3,60 and 3,86-3,56 on duckling with detoxified peanut meal or controls eating soybean meal. Characteristic lesions of aflatoxicosis are developed on duckling consuming peanut meal not detoxified dosing about 285 mug/kg of Aflatoxin B1. Lesions are very slight, but present, on liver and kidney in detoxified peanut meal fed duckling. For kidney's lesions there are no differences between detoxified or not group, duckling eating detoxified peanut meal have absorbed 0,4 mug of Aflatoxin B1 during the eight first days of experiment and 8 to 10 mug during four weeks. These considerations explain light lesions observed and underlines duckling's sensitivity regarding aflatoxicosis.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMed1973

[Vitamin A and DDT].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Administration, Oral↗