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Biomedical subjects

R Felix

Publications and source records attributed to R Felix.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Effect of a secretolytic and a combination of pinene, limonene and cineole on mucociliary clearance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Effect of a Secretolytic and a Combination of Pinene, Limonene and Cineole on Mucociliary Clearance in Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Obstruction. Studies demonstrating the elimination of radioactive particles during a 7-day course of therapy with 3 x 30 mg ambroxol or 4 x 1 capsule. Gelomyrtol forte (1 capsule = 0.3 g Myrtol, standardised to at least 20 mg of alpha-pinene, 75 mg of limonene and 75 mg of cineole (eucalyptol) yield improved mucociliary clearance in both groups. No change of lung function was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Use of nonionic contrast media in computerized tomography].

In a prospective multicentre study of 4,970 contrast enhanced CT's with intravenous application of lohexol, no contrast medium induced side effects could be diagnosed in 98.4% of the patients. Patients with a positive history of allergic diathesis had an increased risk of unexpected contrast-medium induced systemic reactions (factor 2 to 3). In 21% the diagnosis could not be established by non-enhanced CT alone, whereas in 56% the diagnostic accuracy was improved by intravenous contrast medium injection.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of halogenmethylenebisphosphonates on bone cells in culture and on bone resorption in vivo.

Dihalogenmethylenebisphosphonates increase alkaline phosphatase activity and fatty acid oxidation in calvaria cells in culture (Cl2MBP greater than Br2MBP approximately equal to F2MBP). The monohalogen ClMBP and the non-halogenated analogues are less active on phosphatase and inactive on or inhibitory towards fatty acid oxidation. The three dihalogenbisphosphonates and ClMBP inhibit bone resorption in vivo, Cl2MBP most strongly.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in different stages of myocardial infarction using the contrast agent gadolinium-DTPA.

We investigated 26 patients admitted to our catheterization laboratory with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. In each case acute revascularization was unsuccessful, but the diagnosis was confirmed by angiography. In 11 patients with an uncomplicated course of acute myocardial infarction magnetic resonance imaging was carried out within 7 days of the acute event. In three additional cases imaging was performed within 3 weeks, while a remaining 12 patients underwent studies more than 3 weeks after the onset of symptoms. We determined signal intensity at three points within the area of infarction and at three other points in adjacent myocardial tissue. Decreased signal intensity within the area of infarction was present in native scans in 60% of all cases. Application of 0.1 mmol/kg body weight gadolinium-DTPA was followed by an average 70% increase in signal intensity within zones of acute infarction, as compared to a 20% increase in surrounding myocardial tissue. In cases of subacute and chronic infarction there was no significant signal enhancement after administration of gadolinium-DTPA. Uptake of gadolinium-DTPA in the area of acute myocardial infarction may be a positive marker of acute myocardial necrosis, which may be of potential clinical benefit.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of cerebral arteriovenous angiomas.

Eight patients with angiographically confirmed arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were studied by CT and MRI. MRI scans were performed with a 0.35 Tesla wholebody scanner using three spin-echo sequences (SE 400/35, SE 1600/35, SE 1600/70). In CT and MRI, pathological findings were obtained in all cases. In MRI AVMs were displayed as lesions of low signal intensity in the applied sequences. Full extent of the lesions as well as the relationship to the surrounding structures were clearly demonstrated in MRI in all patients. Based on the characteristic sequence dependent signal intensity property of the lesions, the differential diagnosis in the sense of an AVM could be obtained by MRI in all cases. Concerning topographical imaging and/or differential diagnosis, MRI was superior to CT in 4 out of 8 cases. MRI offers advantages in the demonstration of AVMs of the cerebral midline, especially in brain stem angiomas.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Nuclear spin tomographic imaging of aortic aneurysms. Initial results].

Thirteen patients with aortic aneurysm (abdominal 7, thoracic 4, thoraco-abdominal 2) were evaluated by magnetic resonance tomography using a super-conducting magnet of a field strength of 0.35 tesla in transversal, coronal and sagittal planes. ECG gating was used in patients with thoracic aneurysm. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were compared to angiography, computed tomography (CT) and intraoperative findings. MRI demonstrated in all 13 patients the extent and the localisation of the aneurysm. The presence of mural thrombus was better determined by MRI (10/10) than by angiography (6/10). The relationship of the brachiocephalic arteries in thoracic aneurysm was better evaluated by MRI compared to angiography and CT. All 3 aortic dissections could be demonstrated by MRI. These first results may suggest an important role of MRI in the diagnosis of aortic aneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Indications for magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of cerebral diseases. Report of experiences with 1200 cases].

The current paper is a review of our experience of 1200 examinations of the brain, using magnetic resonance tomography (MRT), derived from a mixed neurological and neuro-surgical clinic. MRT has advantages in localisation and tissue characterisation. Localisation is improved by the ability to obtain coronal and sagittal images and by the absence of artifacts due to bone in lesions in the middle and posterior fossa. Some tissues and structures (blood, fat, vessels) produce relatively characteristic signals on MRT, which may be important in clinical diagnosis (eg. chronic subdural haematoma). A significant advantage of MRT is its excellent contrast resolution of soft tissues; this results in better demonstration of normal brain anatomy (eg. corticomedullary contrast), areas of demyelinisation (eg. multiple sclerosis) and certain cerebral tumours (eg. astrocytomas). On the basis of our experience, certain indications are defined, depending on the physical characteristics of the method; these are illustrated by clinical examples.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Magnetic resonance tomography of focal liver lesions in comparison with computed tomography and sonography].

The results of magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) performed in 37 patients with predominantly solitary intrahepatic space-occupying masses are presented. Examinations were carried out with a superconducting magnet operating at a field strength of 0.35 Tesla. The majority of intrahepatic masses exhibited a well distinguishable signal amplification compared to normal hepatic parenchyma when T2 weighted sequences were used. For a further differentiation of the lesion, however, T1 and T2 weighted sequences have to be performed. In all cases diagnostic value of MRT is compared to that of sonography and computed tomography. The assessment of magnetic resonance tomograms of focal hepatic lesions is based on the sequence-depending on the signal behaviour of the mass - especially with regard to morphological criteria. The high soft-tissue contrast of magnetic resonance tomography compensates for the low spatial resolution, thus resulting in a sensitivity of focal lesions comparable to that of sonography and computed tomography. The good visualisation of vessels is an advantage. With the exception of haemangioma, however, MRT does not seem to improve diagnosis of the type of focal hepatic lesions.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1986

[Chronic obstructive respiration disorders imaged by inhalation scintigraphy. Differential diagnosis and early detection using radio-aerosols].

Inhalation radioaerosol lung imaging was performed in 86 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) and in 45 asymptomatic smokers with small airways dysfunction. Within certain limits analysis of abnormal aerosol scans helped distinguish emphysematous from brochitic and asthmatic types of disease. Patients with asthma often responded to bronchodilator treatment and abnormal aerosol images reverted to near normal patterns. Besides a slight aerosol distribution inhomogeneity in the lung periphery, patients with small airways dysfunction showed significant hypodeposition of inhaled particles distal to the ciliated airways. Compared with small airways dysfunction, COLD was associated with an even more decreased aerosol penetrance to the alveoli.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Magnetic resonance tomography of intracranial tumors: use of contrast media versus T2-weighted tomograms].

Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography was performed on 38 patients with intracranial tumours, before and after the administration of contrast, using a 0.35 T Magnetom. The MR examinations included various plain spin-echo sequences (SE 400/35, 800/35, 1600/35, 1600/70, 1600/105, 1600/120) as well as examinations after the iv-administration of gadolinium-DTPA (SE 800/35). On all occasions, the abnormalities were visible without contrast. Differentiation of tumour and its surroundings was possible in 19 out of 38 cases without contrast. Delineation of expansively growing tumours (eg. meningiomas) was possible in twelve out of 14 cases, but in only seven out of 24 cases with infiltrating tumours (eg. glioblastomas). On the other hand, clear differentiation between tumour and adjacent edema and normal brain, respectively, was possible in 35 out of 38 cases after Gadolinium-DTPA.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Magnetic resonance tomography of focal hepatic lesions using the para-magnetic contrast medium, gadolinium DTPA. First clinical results].

The use of the para-magnetic contrast medium gadolinium DTPA for magnetic resonance tomography of focal lesions in the liver was investigated in 31 patients. Two dosage schedules of the contrast medium (0.1 and 0.2 mmol/kg body weight were used with field strengths of 0.35 and 0.5 Tesla. Using T1 sequences, gadolinium DTPA showed increased signal intensity in the liver and in tumours, but this was significantly more marked in the tumour. On T1 spin-echo sequences, previously iso-intense lesions became visible after administration of contrast. On the other hand, contrast-enhanced lesions were less well seen on inversion recovery sequences because of a reduction in the contrast between tumour and liver tissue. The contrast between tumour and liver tissue was not improved by gadolinium DTPA in comparison with precontrast inversion recovery sequences and T2 spin-echo sequences. The perfusion of intra-hepatic tumours could be elucidated by magnetic resonance tomography after the administration of gadolinium DTPA.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Spin echo and inversion recovery sequences for gadolinium-DTPA enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial tumors.

In 36 patients with intracranial tumors, gadolinium (Gd)-DTPA-enhanced SE 400/35, SE 800/35 and IR 1500/400/35 sequences were intraindividually compared. Contrast enhancement usually was shown to better advantage with the IR sequence. Post-contrast SI of tumor tissue was isointense with white matter on IR images in many cases whereas SE sequences displayed enhancing tumor with high contrast versus brain. Post-contrast tumor delineation, therefore, was better with the SE sequences especially in white matter lesions without perifocal edema. The SE 400/35 sequence which allows for contrast-enhanced MRI within a relatively short time is suggested for Gd-DTPA studies of brain tumors.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial tumors using gadolinium-DTPA. Initial experience with fast imaging.

One hundred and fifty gadolinium(Gd)-DTPA studies in patients with intracranial tumors were performed. In meningiomas (n = 37) Gd-DTPA is useful to delineate isointense tumors. In acoustic neuromas (n = 16) Gd-DTPA helps to identify intracanalicular tumor tissue. In pituitary adenomas (n = 16) para- or suprasellar tumor extension can be better appreciated after Gd-DTPA injection. In glioblastomas (n = 23) Gd-DTPA provides data on differential diagnosis through the characteristic shape of enhancement. In a variety of tumor types the high contrast between enhancing tumor tissue and adjacent structures facilitates therapy planning. Fast imaging sequences now allow for dynamic Gd-DTPA studies. The time-course of enhancement may increase specificity of magnetic resonance imaging.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Indications for venous digital subtraction angiography in otorhinolaryngologic diseases].

Intravenous DSA was performed on 45 patients for diagnosis of otorhinolaryngologic diseases. Hypervascular glomus tumours can be accurately diagnosed. Furthermore, vascular architecture and topography can be analysed to allow the planning of tumour embolization or surgery. Hypovascular tumours are inadequately demonstrated by intravenous DSA. A specific and detailed analysis of thin vessel architecture in malignant tumours is impossible by intravenous DSA.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Comparison of the computed tomographic changes and the clinical course following the irradiation of intracranial tumors and metastases].

The authors compared the clinical courses and the CT courses recorded at the same time in patients with primary or secondary cerebral tumors. 69 patients improved their neurologic state under external radiotherapy, 35 patients remained unchanged, and 8 patients had a deteriorated condition. The changes in computed tomography and the modifications of the clinical state of patients corresponded only in 55% of all cases. The reasons are discussed. Some patients suffered from fatigue and weak concentration about three months after the end of radiotherapy, in some cases even the neurologic state was deteriorated. These manifestations known as "early delayed reaction" were reversible.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1986

Some aspects of the use of contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging.

The parameters for signal intensity in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are classified and shortly described. Proton density, T1 and T2 are discussed as tissue parameters to be influenced in different ways by different types of contrast agents. Conclusions for the development of contrast agents for MRI are drawn. The influence of the concentration of paramagnetic substances on signal intensity is shortly described. The good tolerance of Gd-DTPA as a contrast agent for MRI is reported. Its favorable use is shown in three examples of brain tumors.

Adult↗