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Biomedical subjects

R Fay

Publications and source records attributed to R Fay.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Steroid receptors in human ovarian malignancy. A review of four years tissue collection.

The oestrogen and progestogen receptor status in ovarian cancers from 72 patients was correlated with histological type, primary or secondary origin and peripheral hormone concentrations. Changes occurred in receptor status during malignant transformations of ovarian tissues, with those for oestrogen being found more often, and those for progestogen less often than in non-diseased ovarian fragments. It is suggested that the similarity in sex steroid receptor content between ovarian and breast cancers warrants prospective study of ovarian sex steroid receptor status as a predictive index of survival and response to hormonal therapy in multi-centre clinical trials. Additional data on androgen receptors are also presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of circulating immune complexes, pregnancy associated beta 1-macroglobulin and galactosyltransferase as tumour markers for ovarian cancer.

Serial blood samples have been obtained from 12 patients with ovarian cancer who were treated by surgery and, generally, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Some achieved clinical remission, but the majority relapsed after variable time interval. Three potential tumour markers (Circulating Immune Complexes, Pregnancy Associated beta 1-Macroglobulin and Galactosyltransferase) have been studied longitudinally in serum for clinical correlation, predictive value, and biochemical 'lead time' to clinically detectable progression. None of the 3 offered any signal advantage over the others, and each showed an inconsistent relationship to observed disease status, with high levels indicating a poor outlook and the converse not true. Thus, since the 'lead time' is short, and reliability low, none of the compounds can be strongly commended as individual markers for ovarian cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Identification of a unique B-cell-stimulating factor produced by a cloned dendritic cell.

We describe a cloned dendritic cell, clone Den-1, which is a potent accessory cell for some B-cell responses. Clone Den-1 produces a unique lymphokine that induces polyclonal B-cell proliferation in the absence of other costimulators. This clone or factors produced by it also stimulate purified B cells to develop plaque-forming cell responses to type 2 antigens. The effect of this factor(s) on various B-cell populations and its relationship to previously described B-cell-stimulating factors is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

B cell activation: role of dendritic and T cell factors in the response to thymic-independent and -dependent antigens.

We described a cloned dendritic cell, clone Den-1, that is a potent accessory cell for some B cell responses. Clone Den-1 produces a novel lymphokine that is distinct from previously described factors produced by T cells. In the present study, we compare the role of nonspecific helper factors produced by Den-1 (Den-1 SN) or the T cell thymoma EL4 (EL4-SN) in promotion of B cell plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses to a variety of antigens. We find that the antigen in culture determines the B cell requirement for dendritic and/or T cell factors. B cell PFC responses to TNP-Brucella abortus (BA) and TNP-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are greatly increased by EL4-SN but show little, if any, enhancement with Den-1 SN. Responses to TNP-polyacrylamide are reconstituted by either Den-1 SN or EL4-SN, whereas responses to TNP-Ficoll, TNP-dextran and TNP-levan are reconstituted by Den-1 SN and are much less sensitive to factors present in EL4-SN. Responses to SRBC require the presence of both Den-1 SN and EL4-SN. We also show that the time at which Den-1 SN must be provided to the B cell is dependent on the antigen in culture. Our findings are discussed in terms of present classification of antigens based on their ability to stimulate various B cell subpopulations.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1985

Evidence for defects in accessory and T cell subsets in mice expressing the xid defect.

Mice expressing the X-linked recessive CBA/N genetic defect xid lack a subpopulation of B cells which appears late in normal B cell ontogeny and is characterized by expression of the cell surface antigens Lyb3, Lyb5, and Lyb7. In adult mice with the xid defect, responses to Type 2 antigens such as TNP-ficoll are entirely absent and responses to Type 1 antigens such as TNP-LPS are somewhat reduced. Primary in vitro responses to the T dependent antigen sheep red blood cells (SRBC) are defective but secondary responses are normal. These and other findings have led to the hypothesis that one effect of the xid defect is the inability of a subset of B cells to respond to nonspecific signals from T cells or accessory cells. The cellular basis of the xid defect is not well understood. The simplest explanation is that it reflects a primary lesion in the development of a subpopulation of B cells responsible for the types of immune responses described above. An alternative notion is that the xid defect is expressed primarily in a non-B cell population (e.g., T cells or accessory cells) which are necessary for the development and/or function of this B cell subset. A direct approach to this problem depends on the availability of homogeneous populations of B cells, T cells, or accessory cells. Recently we have described a cloned dendritic cell, Den-1, which is a potent stimulator of some B and T cell responses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Immunoregulation of T-dependent responses by a cloned dendritic cell.

We have described a cloned dendritic cell, Clone Den-1, which is a potent accessory cell for some T-dependent immune responses. Clone Den-1 activates T cells in both autologous and allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions, but cannot present soluble antigen to T cells that co-recognize nominal antigen plus I-Ab gene products. In addition, Clone Den-1 or factors produced by it can reconstitute plaque-forming cell responses by accessory cell-depleted B plus T cells to the T-dependent antigen sheep red blood cells. The relationship of this clone to heterogeneous populations of dendritic cells and other accessory cells is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Flexible nephroscope in calculous surgery.

In difficult operations for multiple, staghorn or recurrent calculi after previous surgical intervention and in cases of chronic nephrostomy intrarenal inspection is facilitated by the use of a new flexible nephroscope. This flexible nephroscope, with its 16F tip, permits localization and removal of stone fragments without trauma. This instrument was used in 30 patients by 9 surgeons. An open surgical procedure was done in 27 patients and nephrostomy was done in 3. In 7 cases intraoperative radiography failed to localize calculi that were identified subsequently by nephroscopy. In all instances the surgeons rated the flexible nephroscope superior to its rigid counterpart. No complications resulted from its use. The flexible nephroscope offers several advantages over the rigid scope: 1) it is atraumatic, 2) it is easily inserted, 3) it offers superior optics, 4) it provides superior visualization and 5) it permits complete intrarenal inspection. Because it allows total intrarenal inspection without trauma or bleeding it should be used before forceps exploration of the kidney.

Endoscopes↗
PubMed1981

Calculus disease of upper urinary tract in San Francisco Chinese.

Acute calculus disease of the upper urinary tract was studied retrospectively (1974-1978) in San Francisco Chinese and Caucasians. The Chinese population of San Francisco represents approximately 10 per cent of the total population. Yet the incidence of upper tract calculus among Chinese was found to be about twice that among Caucasians (as judged by admission at three major hospitals, one of them with Chinese patients only). The stones which develop in Chinese people are predominantly of mixed calcium and uric acid (45 per cent) and pure uric acid (15 per cent). This finding suggests that the origin of recurrent calculus disease is related to high intake of purines inherent in the Chinese diet, inducing hyperuricosuria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Segmental renal hypoplasia and hypertension.

The association of hypertension with congenital renal hypoplasia (Ask-Upmark kidney) has been well established. A case is presented that clearly demonstrates the distinctive clinical, roentgenographic and pathologic features. An abnormal production of renin by the affected kidney suggested that the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis was involved in the genesis of the hypertension. Hypertension was cured by unilateral nephrectomy.

Aortography↗