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Biomedical subjects

R F Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to R F Wilson.

371 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Carbohydrate metabolism in chicks after administration of toxins from a Phomopsis sp.

Soybeans inoculated with Phomopis sp. were incubated for weeks and then extracted with methanol and ether, and the culture filtrates were intubated into crops of chicks. Activities of glucose-6-phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in liver were increased, and glycogen stores and plasma glucose concentrations were reduced. Histologically, severe hepatocytic necrosis was found in chicks treated with the toxic culture filtrate. Significant clinical signs were loss of body weight and reduced feed consumption. The metabolic changes responsible for the findings are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Physiologic assessment of the coronary collateral circulation in transplanted human hearts.

Coronary arteries of transplanted hearts frequently develop a vasculopathy characterized by severe lumenal narrowing in the distal coronary arteries. It has been thought, on the basis of angiographic studies, that the coronary circulation of transplanted hearts with vasculopathy fails to develop collateral vessels normally. To determine the extent of the collateral circulation in transplanted hearts with a significant coronary stenosis, we measured an index of the collateral circulation, the coronary artery occlusion pressure, during single-vessel coronary angioplasty in seven patients with allograft vasculopathy and 18 patients with atherosclerotic disease who did not undergo transplantation. Aortic and coronary artery pressure distal to the stenosis in the epicardial artery were measured during balloon occlusion (> or = 45 seconds). Measurement variability for determination of coronary occlusion pressure was assessed by measuring occlusion pressure on two separate balloon inflations (n = 17). The severity of the dilated stenotic lesion was assessed with quantitative angiography (Reiber-PIE Data method). The indexes of stenosis severity were similar in coronary arteries of transplanted and native hearts. Coronary occlusion pressure measurements were highly reproducible (mean absolute difference between measurements, 1 +/- 1 mm Hg, r = 0.98). Coronary occlusion pressure in transplanted hearts (32 +/- 4 mm Hg) was nearly identical to that measured in coronary arteries of native hearts (29 +/- 2 mm Hg). When vessels with total occlusion were excluded and corrections were made for minor differences in hemodynamics (heart rate and blood pressure) were made, the coronary occlusion pressure in transplanted hearts remained nearly identical to native hearts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cefuroxime-induced acute renal failure.

Although drug-induced allergic nephritis (DIAN) is one of the most common problems seen by nephrologists, its true frequency is probably underestimated. Diagnosis is often difficult and is typically only made in patients without another explanation for deteriorating renal function, and is often based solely on improvement after drug withdrawal. The diagnosis may be made more difficult due to lack of typical allergic symptoms, presence of other drugs, or confounding factors and equivocal noninvasive laboratory studies. The gold standard for diagnosis is renal biopsy, but it is only rarely performed during the acute phase of the reaction and is not without risk. It is important to keep a high index of suspicion with regard to DIAN since it is usually rapidly reversible. Failure to recognize it and discontinue the offending agents may result in unnecessary morbidity and occasionally, irreversible renal failure. In our patient, DIAN possibly was related to cefuroxime, but the patient did not experience associated allergic symptoms. The diagnosis was supported by the temporal course of renal deterioration during exposure to cefuroxime and improvement on its discontinuation; the pattern repeated with rechallenge. This is the first reported case of suspected DIAN due to cefuroxime.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coronary angioplasty in heart transplant recipients: a quantitative angiographic long-term follow-up study.

Late morbidity and death as a result of transplant-related coronary vascular disease is a major unresolved problem for heart transplant recipients. Treatment of discrete coronary lesions in transplanted coronary arteries with angioplasty may be beneficial, but the long-term outcome and factors affecting restenosis are not known. To determine the effects of angioplasty on coronary caliber and the correlates of late restenosis, we studied the results of 25 balloon angioplasty procedures for physiologically significant coronary artery stenosis (> 15 mm Hg translesional pressure gradient) in nine heart transplant recipients. All patients underwent repeat coronary angiography within 6 months of angioplasty. Angiograms were analyzed by the Reiber-CAAS method of quantitative angiography. Procedural success rate was 100%, and there were no major complications. The minimum cross-sectional area of the lesion increased from 0.8 +/- 0.5 mm2 to 3.1 +/- 1.7 mm2 immediately after dilation. Percent area stenosis decreased from 89% +/- 7% to 62% +/- 13%. Six (24%) of 25 lesions developed late physiologically significant restenosis, defined as greater than 15 mm Hg translesional pressure gradient, and 10 of 25 had angiographic restenosis, defined as 50% area stenosis by quantitative angiography. The loss in minimum cross-sectional area of the lesion at late follow-up was related significantly to the minimum cross-sectional area (r = 0.67; p < 0.001) and percent area stenosis (r = 0.62; p < 0.01) immediately after angioplasty and the gain in minimum area (r = 0.62; p < 0.01) or loss in percent area stenosis (0.51%; p = 0.02) during the procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗