Artistic and scientific revolution.
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History, 20th Century↗
Biomedical subjects
R F Edlich
Publications and source records attributed to R F Edlich.
Multiple sclerosis and asymptomatic urinary tract infection.
Multiple sclerosis patients with bladder dysfunction are prone to have an asymptomatic urinary tract infection. Because bladder function abnormalities occur at some time in 70% to 90% of multiple sclerosis patients, a quantitative estimate of the bacterial concentration in the urine as well as a culture is mandatory. Treatment of bladder dysfunction or infection will vary according to the post-voiding residual volume. A patient with multiple sclerosis and asymptomatic urinary tract infection is reported that highlights strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of the urinary tract infection.
Humans↗
Ease of continuous dermal suture removal.
The purpose of this investigation is to identify the synthetic nonabsorbable monofilament suture that requires the lowest forces for removal of continuous dermal sutures. Immediately after wound closure, continuous dermal polypropylene sutures require the lowest suture removal forces. The ease of polypropylene suture removal from continuous dermal skin closure is related to the suture's low surface coefficient of friction.
Animals↗
Blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia associated with a left cerebellopontine angle meningioma.
Blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia is characterized by the presence of spasms of the orbicularis oculi (blepharospasm) and of the lower facial or oromandibular muscles. A patient with this syndrome is presented in which a left cerebellopontine angle meningioma appeared to act as a triggering mechanism for the development of this disorder. On the basis of this report, we recommend that physicians search for this tumor in patients with this disorder.
Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
Biomechanics of a new atraumatic surgical needle holder.
It is the purpose of this report to design, develop, and evaluate a needle holder whose jaws improve needle-holding security without altering the geometry of the curved surgical needle. The configuration of the jaws of this new needle holder is curved, conforming to the curvature of the surgical needle. A biomechanical study of this curved surgical needle holder demonstrates that it holds the curved needle securely without needle deformation.
Biomechanical Phenomena↗
Influence of knot configuration and tying technique on the mechanical performance of sutures.
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the influence of knot configuration and tying technique on the mechanical performance of surgical sutures. Multifilament and monofilament nylon sutures were selected for this evaluation because they are commonly used in wound closure. The mechanical performance of these sutures was judged by the following parameters: knot breakage force, configuration of secure knots, and knot run down force. During each test, tension was applied at either rapid or slow rates, which correlates with the physician's speed of tying knots. On the basis of these mechanical performance tests, four throw square (1 = 1 = 1 =1) knots and five throw square (1 = 1 = 1 = 1 = 1) knots are recommended for monofilament nylon and multifilament nylon sutures, respectively, in which the speed of application of forces to the knots is relatively slow. Because these tests can easily be replicated in any laboratory, manufacturers now have a scientific basis for recommending specific tying techniques for their surgical sutures.
Physical Phenomena↗
Injury due to uncontrolled acceleration of an electric wheelchair.
Approximately 750,000 disabled individuals use electrical platform mobility aids (wheelchairs) for adaptive transportation. Because there are no mandatory standards for platform mobility aids and wheelchairs, these adaptive transportation aids are prone to potential design and maintenance problems. An injury caused by uncontrolled acceleration of a platform mobility aid is reported. Examination of the platform mobility aid identified a defect in its speed control regulator that has been subsequently corrected by the manufacturer.
Acceleration↗
Damage to tissue defenses by EMLA cream.
EMLA is a new topical agent that safely anesthetizes intact skin. The purpose of this study was to determine if this cream could be safely used for anesthetizing wounds. This investigation evaluated the potential toxicity of EMLA cream in wounds by measuring its effect on host defenses and on the biology of wound repair. In contaminated wounds, EMLA cream elicited an exaggerated inflammatory response that damaged host defenses, inviting the development of infection. As a result of these investigations, we do not recommend the use of EMLA cream in wounds.
Anesthetics, Local↗
Three giant steps toward the development of a modern emergency medical service system.
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Emergency Medical Services↗
Concurrence of multiple sclerosis and Hodgkin's disease.
Although multiple sclerosis and Hodgkin's disease are reported to have similar epidemiologic features, this is only the first case report in which there was concurrence of these diseases. Fourteen years after successful treatment of Hodgkin's disease, this 31-year-old white male developed multiple sclerosis. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was made on the basis of clinical and paraclinical findings that were characteristic of multiple sclerosis. In addition, specific tests were performed to rule out a variety of infectious, metabolic, and neoplastic diseases that simulate multiple sclerosis.
Adult↗
Mechanical performance of disposable surgical needle holders.
The mechanical performance of disposable Webster surgical needle holders supplied by three different surgical instrument companies was determined by recording the forces (clamping moment) applied by the different needle holder jaws to curved surgical needles. This investigation demonstrated that there was a large variability in the mechanical performance of the disposable needle holders supplied by each surgical instrument company. In addition, the mechanical performance of the disposable needle holder of each surgical instrument company was distinctly different.
Disposable Equipment↗
Biomechanical performance of laser-drilled and channel taper point needles.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biomechanical performance of laser-drilled and channel needle swages. The laser-drilled swages have a more uniform circumference that encounters lower drag forces than the channel needle swages. In addition, the length of the laser-drilled hole is shorter than that of the channel needles, allowing the physician to grasp the laser-drilled needle close (3 mm) to the needle end without deformation. These benefits of laser-drilled swages indicate that they should replace all channel needles.
Biomechanical Phenomena↗
Universities, business, and the state government: partners in progress.
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Awards and Prizes↗
Molten metal burn of the foot: a preventable injury.
Molten metal burns of the feet remain a common injury to foundry workers. A case is reported of a foundry worker who sustained circumferential molten metal burns of the distal foot and toes necessitating amputation of four toes. This severe injury could easily have been prevented by the use of protective footwear and spats.
Accidents, Occupational↗
On death and dying in the emergency department.
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Attitude of Health Personnel↗
A disposable emergency wound treatment kit.
Biomechanical studies in our laboratory have provided a scientific basis for selecting surgical gloves and instruments, drugs, and dressings for traumatic wound treatment. This armamentarium has been incorporated into a disposable emergency wound treatment kit for use in the emergency department. Its upper tray is for wound cleansing, while its lower tray is used for wound closure. A clinical evaluation of the kit by emergency physicians was very favorable because it saved time, eliminating the need to search for and assemble the gloves, instruments, drugs, and dressings for wound treatment.
Disposable Equipment↗
Technical considerations in manual and instrument tying techniques.
The purpose of this study was to relate the two-hand (manual) and instrument tie techniques with the ultimate security of granny and square knots constructed in multifilament and monofilament nylon sutures. Instrument-tie technique constructed secure granny and square knots, which failed by breakage rather than slippage. Similarly, two-hand (manual) tie techniques constructed square knots, which achieved knot security, failing only by breakage. In contrast, knot security was not reliably achieved with granny knots constructed by the two-hand (manual) tie techniques, with the knots frequently failing by slippage.
Nylons↗
Functional urinary outlet obstruction causing urosepsis in a male multiple sclerosis patient.
Detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia (DESD) is a neuropathic disorder of micturition that exists when the simultaneous contractions of the detrusor muscle and external urethral sphincter oppose each other. When the external urethral sphincter contracts during a detrusor contraction, functional urinary outflow obstruction occurs by the increased urethral resistance. This loss of coordination between the bladder and its outlet is associated with a high risk for serious urologic complications, such as vesicoureteral reflux, hydronephrosis, and urosepsis. This report describes a male multiple sclerosis patient with DESD who developed functional outlet obstruction with urosepsis and discusses the diagnosis and treatment of this potentially life-threatening voiding dysfunction.
Bacteriuria↗