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Biomedical subjects

R F Catalano

Publications and source records attributed to R F Catalano.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Delinquents and drug use: a model program for community reintegration.

Evidence indicates that serious and persistent delinquency and the frequent use of illicit drugs emerge from common etiological roots. This suggests that treatment efforts which target risk factors of adolescent drug use and crime may be effective in preventing subsequent antisocial behavior. This paper describes Project ADAPT, a treatment program for juvenile delinquents based on the Social Development Model, which integrates this knowledge of risk factors. Project ADAPT is a 3 1/2-year demonstration project which combines behavioral skill training, supportive network development, and involvement in prosocial activities to facilitate the community reentry of youths following placement in a Washington state correctional facility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Choosing drug use measures for treatment outcome studies. I. The influence of measurement approach on treatment results.

Drug use is measured in a number of different ways in drug treatment outcome studies. Different measures of outcome may yield different results, making comparison across studies difficult. The utility, sensitivity, and level of measurement of five categories of measures are reviewed. It is suggested that research focus on examining the properties of existing drug use measures, on developing methods of evaluating timing and sequence in the relapse process, and on standardizing measurement approaches across studies.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1988

Choosing drug use measures for treatment outcome studies. II. Timing baseline and follow-up measurement.

The use of different approaches to measurement in drug abuse treatment outcome studies has resulted in a lack of comparability across studies. This paper reviews different approaches to timing of baseline and follow-up periods and to dealing with time periods during which follow-up subjects are not "at risk" for drug use. Length and timing of baseline and follow-up periods are considered as well as periods of time within which specific drug use outcomes are measured. It is suggested that research focus on describing the natural course of drug use both prior to and following treatment, in order to determine the most appropriate length and timing of follow-up periods. It is recommended that investigators report drug use data from both "at risk" and "not at risk" periods, and that they choose methods of controlling for time "at risk" which do not eliminate important drug use data from analyses.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Participation in a parent training program for methadone clients.

Programs for drug abusers are plagued by high rates of dropout. Because of the strong relationship between longer treatment and positive outcome, researchers have begun to study individual and program-specific factors that influence premature termination of treatment. For the most part, these studies have focused on dichotomous measures of dropout or number of sessions attended. In this article, we extend this line of research in two ways. First, we develop and measure a number of indicators of treatment participation based on therapist ratings. Second, we develop a model of treatment participation that employs both individual and program-specific factors. The data show that tremendous variation in participation occurred even among those who attended a majority of sessions, which highlights the importance of obtaining more elaborate measures of treatment participation. The model predicting treatment participation suggests that initiation of heroin use later in life, continued use of marijuana, and behavioral indicators of motivation are the strongest predictors of program participation. Research and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aftercare in drug abuse treatment.

Preventing relapse among treated drug abusers is the primary goal of aftercare. This paper identifies posttreatment factors associated with relapse and links these findings to known aftercare approaches. The literature on the effectiveness of these approaches is summarized and limitations in this literature are noted. Promising directions for policy, program development, and research (R&D) in aftercare are described.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the effectiveness of adolescent drug abuse treatment, assessment of risks for relapse, and promising approaches for relapse prevention.

A review of controlled evaluations of adolescent and other drug abuse treatment programs concludes that some treatment is better than no treatment, that few comparisons of treatment method have consistently demonstrated the superiority of one method over another, that posttreatment relapse rates are high, and that more controlled studies of adolescent treatment which allow evaluation of the elements of treatment are needed. In the absence of the clear superiority of specific treatment techniques, it is suggested that examination of factors related to relapse can provide an empirical base for identifying effective treatment approaches. Pretreatment, during-treatment, and posttreatment factors related to relapse are reviewed from existing studies of adolescent treatment. Program components are suggested which have been associated with or hold promise for reducing factors associated with higher relapse rates and increasing factors associated with lower relapse rates.

Adolescent↗