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Biomedical subjects

R Ernst

Publications and source records attributed to R Ernst.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Objective criteria for the evaluation of small intestine function in postoperative ileus].

A continuous intrajejunal open-tip pressure determination was performed via catheter jejunostomy after major surgery on the upper gastrointestinal tract parallel to early postoperative enteral nutrition. In 15 patients, who tolerated enteral nutrition well intrajejunal pressure was about 10 mm Hg. In 7 patients with a rise in pressure up to 24 mm Hg complications occurred. From the 7th postoperative day all pressure values were below 15 mm Hg and enteral nutrition was tolerated well. It is concluded that till the 7th postoperative day small bowel function is individually different.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMed1985

Attempts to correlate interferon induction and activation of natural killer cells by Corynebacterium parvum.

Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of Poly I:Poly C resulted in high interferon titers in the peritoneal wash fluid and in the serum of mice, which was maximal at 4 to 6 h after injection. In contrast, no interferon could be measured in the peritoneal fluid at various times after injection of C. parvum. Also, all attempts to induce serum interferon by C. parvum were unsuccessful. However, both Poly I:Poly C and C. parvum were causing the activation of Natural Killer (NK) cells in the cell population recovered from the peritoneal cavity. From adoptive transfer experiments, there was no indication that C. parvum induced a soluble mediator causing the activation of NK cells. There was also no indication that the interferon activity in the peritoneal cavity of C. parvum-treated mice might have been masked by the presence of an inhibitory molecule interfering with the antiviral effect of interferon in the assay. Our data may suggest activation of NK cells by C. parvum to be independent of interferon induction. Accordingly, we have observed that the injection of anti-interferon did not abolish NK cell activation by C. parvum. Thus, there is the interesting possibility of an interferon-independent mechanism of NK cell activation. However, we have additionally shown that doses of murine alpha/beta interferon as low as 1 IU per mouse caused a significant activation of NK cells in the peritoneal cavity upon i.p. injection. Thus, interferon itself is extremely potent in activating NK cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Advanced periampullary carcinoma: endoscopic palliation by sphincterotomy.

We have described a 50-year-old woman with periampullary carcinoma with extensive infiltration of the duodenal wall arising from advanced tumor of the pancreatic head. Endoscopic sphincterotomy induced complete relief from jaundice and pruritus before definitive surgical therapy was done. This procedure should not be restricted to small tumors confined to the ampulla itself, since it may also be of palliative or preoperative value in certain patients with advanced cancer of the pancreatic head.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Injection of anti-thy-1.2 serum breaks genetic resistance of mice against herpes simplex virus.

Nude mice have been shown to be as resistant to intraperitoneal infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV) as their heterozygous littermates. Here we document that both activation of natural killer (NK) cells and interferon induction were normal in nu/nu mice after injection of HSV. Injection of silica caused increased mortality by HSV in C57BL/6 mice. Silica, in addition, led to a significant reduction of NK cell activity but had no effect on the interferon response. Treatment of C57BL/6 mice with anti-asialo GM1 (an antiserum with a predominant effect on NK cells) caused complete abolition of the NK cell response, but had no effect on interferon induction or virus-induced mortality. In further studies a monoclonal anti-thy-1.2 antibody was utilized which possessed high activity in vivo in depleting T cell responses in mice. Injection of anti-thy-1.2 decreased NK cell activation but was without effect on the interferon response. Unexpectedly, in view of the data in nu/nu mice, this antibody increased HSV-induced mortality in C57BL/6 mice. Similar data were obtained when anti-thy-1.2 was injected into nu/nu mice. Our results are compatible with the hypothesis that T cell precursors sensitive to anti-thy-1.2 present in homozygous nude mice play a role in resistance against HSV. Furthermore, the data in the euthymic mice may indicate a role of T cells in the primary resistance of mice against HSV.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Is the demonstration of immune complex useful in the activity assessment of chronic polyarthritis?].

In a prospective and controlled long-term study of 39 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), various blood parameters including the C1q-binding test (fluid phase) and the Rajicell test were performed. Blood samples were taken every three months during an observation period of eighteen months and compared with disease activity. According to these sequential analyses, immune complexes determined in the serum by these two tests do not always reflect disease activity expressed by addition of active joints. These results confirmed that the C1q-binding test often closely reflects disease activity. In patients with RA and extraarticular manifestations the C1q-binding test continuously showed increased concentrations of circulating immune complexes in the serum. In patients with predominant vasculitis the regular determination of circulating immune complexes is the best means of showing disease activity. This latter observation is especially true in patients with malignant RA. On the whole, the clinical significance of regularly performed assay for detection of immune complexes in RA appears questionable.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Excluded gastric mucosa presenting as a polypoid tumor in the duodenal stump after B II resection.

We present endoscopic findings of a polypoid tumor in the duodenal stump after Billroth II partial gastric resection in a 61-year-old male. Histologic examination of the tumor revealed gastric mucosa of antral type. Accordingly, Congo red dyeing test failed to show acid secretion. The excluded antral mucosa did not gain any clinical significance in this patient since there was no history of peptic ulcer relapse within the 25 years after gastric operation.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1980

Biological effects of surfactants, IV. Effects of non-ionics and amphoterics on HeLa cells.

Surfactants, representing 3 non-ionic and 1 amphoteric series of homologs exhibited marked differences in their lethal and non-toxic effects on HeLa cells. Toxicity of non-ionics generally decreased inversely with increasing hydrophilic chain length and increased with increasing size of the lipophile. Lethal levels of the surfactants coincided with surface tension reduction of the media to 45 dynes cm-1 or below. Surface tensions of non-toxic concentrations were substantially higher than those for toxic levels. Non-toxic doses were, therefore, below the critical micelle concentration of the surfactants evaluated. The data suggest that physical properties are a principal cause of the toxic effects of these detergents on HeLa cells.

HeLa Cells↗
PubMed1978

Composition of and cholesterol in Araucana and commercial eggs.

Araucana eggs from six sources and commercial-type white eggs of two major supermarket brands and from the University of California flock were collected and analyzed for cholesterol content of the yolk. The yolks of Araucana eggs were significantly higher in cholesterol than those of commercial white eggs.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1975

[Determination of chymotrypsin in the stool by succinyl-L-phenylalanin-P-nitraniliden (Suphepa) in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases (author's transl)].

A specific substrate (Suphepa), which is well known in duodenal chymotrypsin determination (pancreozymin-secretin-test), is also suitable for the enzyme determination in stools from patients suspected of having a pancreas insufficiency of exocrine nature. The median value of 353 fecal chymotrypsin determination of 180 normal persons was 137 mug/g of native stool. There is a good correlation in comparing the fecal with the duodenal chymotrypsin: Out of 30 comparable patients, 10 patients had pathological values for the duodenal and fecal chymotrypsin determinations, whereas 18 patients had normal values. According to the results of the pancreozymin-secretin-test, false normal stool results were recorded for two patients. No false positive stool values were recorded for the comparative collective. The great accuracy, the modest instrumental expense and the negligible inconvenience for the patient are good in line with the requirements for a screening test.

Acute Disease↗