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Biomedical subjects

R Ermocilla

Publications and source records attributed to R Ermocilla.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effects of intermittent positive-pressure ventilation on lungs of normal rabbits.

We ventilated 10 healthy young rabbits with warm moist air at 20 cm H2O peak airway pressure and compared their pulmonary histology to that of 10 controls. The histological changes were analysed using the Leitz Texture Analysis System. Four hundred high-power fields (240 micrometers X 240 micrometers) were scanned from each section and the mean proportions of air space, interstitium and oedema determined. Calculated bicarbonate decreased significantly in both groups (P < 0.05); this was accompanied by a modest decrease in pHa in the ventilated group. The PaO2 and PaCO2 were maintained within the normal range. The blood pressure decreased in both groups. Seven of 10 ventilated rabbits had interstitial widening while only 1 of 10 controls had a similar lesion (chi 2 = 5.21, P = < 0.05). The area occupied by interstitium ranged from 26 to 46% (mean 37.6%) in controls and 18 to 81% (mean 45.4%) in ventilated rabbits. There was a lack of correlation between clinical and histopathological findings. While 6 of 10 ventilated rabbits had intra-alveolar oedema and a decrease in air space to less than 50% of total area, none developed hypoxaemia. Two of these 6 rabbits also had pHa less than 7.35 by the end of the study, yet all were clinically stable. These data indicate that intermittent partial-pressure ventilation with warm moist air may result in pulmonary parenchymal damage within 6 h in healthy rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Spontaneous resolution of colonic strictures caused by necrotizing enterocolitis: therapeutic implications.

Colonic strictures are now a well recognized complication in infants surviving necrotizing enterocolitis. We describe the clinical course of seven infants with colonic strictures after necrotizing enterocolitis. Only two demonstrated the finding of fixed fibrotic stricture described in the literature, while the remaining five showed atypical radiographic and pathologic features. Two of the five showed partial or spontaneous resolution of post-necrotizing enterocolitis colonic stenoses on follow-up barium enema studies. In three of four patients with colonic resections, the histopathologic examination revealed a surprising absence of irreversible fibrosis or cicatrix formation. Current surgical practice dictates elective resection of these narrowed colonic segments. The radiologic and pathologic findings in our series of patients suggest surgical resection may be unnecessary in selected cases.

Colon↗
PubMed1977

Auditory and visual defects resulting from symptomatic and subclinical congenital cytomegaloviral and toxoplasma infections.

Sensorineural hearing loss was present in ten of 59 (17%) patients with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (three of eight born with symptomatic and seven of 51 born with subclinical infection). The defect was bilateral in eight, moderate to profound in eight, and of progressive nature in two. Hearing loss did not occur in 21 patients with natal CMV infection nor in seven of 12 patients with congenital toxoplasmosis. Histopathologic and immunofluorescent studies of the inner ear in two of three neonates who died with severe infection revealed that viral antigens were widely distributed in cochlear structures. Eye pathology was associated only with congenital Toxoplasma (nine of 12) and CMV (seven of 43) infections. Visual impairments were more prominent and severe in those born with symptomatic infections, exclusively so with CMV. However, ocular defects, in particular chorioretinitis, developed after birth in five of eight patients born with asymptomatic congenital toxoplasmosis. These data firmly establish clinically inapparent congenital CMV infection as a major public health problem and confirm the fact that congenital toxoplasmosis may be associated with late-appearing, debilitating chorioretinitis.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1976

Congenital tuberculosis.

Congenital tuberculosis is a rare and often fatal disease. This report concerned a premature infant in whom the disease was found after postpartum diagnosis in the mother. Use of endotracheal tube aspirates to diagnose tuberculosis in the infant is a unique feature of this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The placental pathology of small-for-gestational age infants.

There is a lack of placental studies of newborn infants who are small for gestational age (SGA). In a gross and light micorscopy evaluation of 63 referred placentas associated with singleton SGA infants, abnormalities were found in 58. In many instances these were considered of causal significance. Abnormalities included ischemic lesions (43 per cent), often related to a history of pre-eclampsia. In this group of specimens, severe X-cell proliferation was present, possibly related to a mechanism of delay of the onset of lavor. Approximately 25 per cent of the placentas showed villitis of unknown etiology. This is presumed to be of infectious etiology, probably viral. Sixteen per cent of the infants died.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1975

Single umbilical artery. Correlation of clinical status and umbilical cord histology.

Although numerous reports are available concerning infants who have single umbilical artery, there are no studies that correlate the incidence of congenital malformations or prognosis of such infants with the presence or absence of an atrophied artery in their associated umbilical cords. For this reason, we studied 48 infants who have single umbilical artery. No significant differences were detected in congenital malformations or neonatal mortality between infants with atrophy of one of their arteries and infants with arterial aplasia.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗