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Biomedical subjects

R Eloy

Publications and source records attributed to R Eloy.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Transducer for recording electrical and mechanical chronic intestinal activity.

An extraluminal displacement transducer has been developed for simultaneously recording the mechanical activity in two perpendicular directions and the electrical activity of the intestinal serosa. The length variations in two perpendicular directions were measured by means of strain gauges bounded on two pairs of lamellae embedded in a rigid stand. The electrical activity was recorded by means of four electrodes situated at the extremity of these lamellae. The electrical gauges of each pair of lamellae are connected to form a Wheatstone bridge. This device allows establishment of a correlation between the mechanical displacement of the intestinal wall serosa and electrical potentials by means of studies of long duration.

Electrophysiology↗
PubMed1976

Effects of some drugs on electrical activity of the gut in the postoperative period.

Myoelectrical activity of the gut has been studied in the postoperative period on 54 patients who underwent cholecystectomy. They have been divided into one control group and four other groups which were treated with pentagastrin, cholecystokinin, prostigmine or coherin (a posterior pituitary extract). In all patients, bursts of spikes were recorded during the early postoperative period. However, the slow waves were strongly disturbed at this time. Pentagastrin, CCK-PZ and prostigmine had no effect on the slow waves, while they increased the frequency of the spikes. These substances did not reduce the duration of the 'physiological' ileus. On the contrary, coherin was found to improve the regularity of the slow waves and to reduce the duration of the 'physiological' ileus.

Cholecystectomy↗
PubMed1976

Gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity during the postoperative period in man.

Myoelectrical activity of the gastrointestinal tract has been studied in the postoperative period of 13 patients who underwent cholecystectomy. The recordings have been performed by means of extracellular electrodes which were implanted at the levels of stomach, jejunum, ileum and colon during the surgical procedure. The records showed that fast activity is always persistent while the basic electrical rhythm is greatly disorganized during the immediate postoperative period. Such a characteristic pattern of the electrical activity suggested that the lack of peristaltic and propulsive movements, always noted during this period, is not correlated with a disappearance of gastrointestinal contractions, but only with a disturbance in their coordination.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

[Immunosuppressive role of the liver in the graft versus host reaction].

The ability of the liver to reduce the intensity of the graft versus host (GVH) reaction has been investigated in F1 hybrid rats implanted with parental lymph nodes. Intrahepatic and intrarenal tissue implantations were compared using classical GVH criteria. The intrahepatic implantation of lymph nodes suppress the mortality observed after intrarenal implantation. The results confirm the interest of portal drainage in organ transplantation and suggest a new site of implantation for lymphoid cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Intrahepatic lymphoid tissue graft: course of the Gvh reaction induced by Peyer's patches.

To investigate the thymus-dependent immune competence of Peyer's patches, the course of splenomegaly and hepatic perivascular infiltration (PVI) was studied as criteria of graft-versus-host reaction (GvhR). Parental or F1 hybrid lymphoid tissues, were intrahepatically implanted and the ability of Peyer's patches to induce a GvhR was compared to that of spleen, lymph nodes and thymus. A slight but significant delayed increase of spleen index was observed at the 40th post operative day following Peyer's patches implantation whereas the thymus did not induce any modification of this parameter. On the other hand, the PVI was a very early and precise criterion in monitoring the Gvh reaction induced by Peyer's patches, and allowed to postulate that at least one T-cell function is present within the Peyer's patches.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Isogenic and allogenic transplatation of isolated langerhans islets into the liver.

This preliminary experimental report confirms the previous interest of isolated endocrine islet transplantation. Moreover a new "privileged position" for the islets grafts is proposed and is as uneventful as a liver biopsy. The functional value of this grafting procedure has been assessed on biological and functional criteria. The transplanted islets are easily retrievable and histological and especially immunocytochemical studies demonstrate the morphological behaviour of such islets. Finally the preliminary survival of allogeneic grafts into the liver supports the concept of the role of the liver during enhancement of facilitation and will be the subject of further investigations.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Jejunal factor stimulating insulin release in the isolated perfused canine pancreas and jejunum.

In the present study using an isolated perfused preparation of canine jejunum and pancreas, an insulin-releasing factor was found in the venous effluent of the jejunum. Insulin secretion by the pancreas rose twofold after 10% glucose was infused in the lumen of the jejunum and remained at a high level even after the stimulus was discontinued. No modification of the exocrine pancreatic secretion occurred during the insulin release, and therefore it seems unlikely that gastrin, secretin or cholecystokinin-pancreozymin were released by the jejunal mucosa. In control experiments the values of hyperglycaemia observed previously and intraluminal hyperosmolarity were tested: at these levels, they did not affect insulin secretion. The nature of this intestinal insulin-releasing factor remains unknown however, but may be identifiable when intestinal hormones in blood can be assayed reliably.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Can we define "histological tolerance" of the abdominal wall after the implantation of various prosthetic materials?].

This experimental work is a comparative trial in the rat of 6 inert prostheses (3 permeable and 3 non-permeable) that are regularly used in man for the repair of large abdominal wall defects. This is performed in both aseptic and septic conditions. Serial macroscopic and bacteriological observations were done. Quantitative histological criteria were defined to characterize the resistance and biological tolerance to the material. This shows that: 1. the width of the cellular reaction, the number of giant, inflammatory, fibroblastic cells confirms the superiority of meshes whatever the implantation conditions; 2. the proportion of fibroblasts to inflammatory cells is a histological expression of the solidity of the repair and of the biological tolerance to the material (Acta chir. belg., 1977, 76, 575-582).

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Human collagen IV lenses and epikeratoplasy in monkeys. Study of epithelial cicatrization].

A previous study showed the good tolerance of the human type IV collagen lenses implanted by epikeratoplasty in 8 monkeys. It also showed type IV collagen is a good material for the reepithelialization. But we have been interested in the stability of the epithelial healing. The ultrastructural study found anchoring structures. However these were inconstant. So the authors try to understand better the mechanisms of this synthesis of the anchoring structures and describe the future ways of this experimental study.

Animals↗