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Biomedical subjects

R Eliashar

Publications and source records attributed to R Eliashar.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Computed tomography diagnosis of esophageal bone impaction: a prospective study.

A prospective study was performed on 45 patients for an assessment of the use of computed tomography (CT) in the management of a suspected esophageal fish bone or chicken bone. All patients had negative findings on laryngoscopy; therefore, pharyngeal and hypopharyngeal foreign bodies were excluded from further consideration. The patients underwent radiographic examination with plain films and a cervical CT scan without contrast material. Patients with positive findings were taken to the operating room, where they underwent rigid esophagoscopy under general anesthesia, while those with negative findings remained for observation for 24 hours. Thirty CT scans were positive for an esophageal foreign body, and in all cases but 1, a foreign body was found during the operation. Fourteen of 15 patients with normal CT scan findings managed well with no further intervention. One patient with persistent complaints underwent esophagoscopy, but no foreign body was found. Our conclusion is therefore that CT is a simple and reliable method for diagnosing esophageal bone impaction and may reduce the rate of unnecessary esophagoscopies.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Hemangioendothelioma of the temporal bone in a child.

Hemangioendothelioma is a vascular tumor of endothelial cell origin. It may involve bone or soft tissues and can behave like a benign or a malignant tumor. In the literature there are several case reports on the involvement of the head and neck region, but only three cases of temporal bone involvement, all of them in adults. A 3-year-old child, complaining of left retro-auricular swelling and tenderness, was found to be suffering from hemangioendothelioma of the temporal bone. Doppler ultrasound and CT scan showed a highly vascular mass with bone destruction. Wide surgical excision was recommended, but rejected by the parents, nor did they agree to treatment with alpha-interferon. The child did not return for any further treatment.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

Yellow nail syndrome and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

We report a case of a 74-year-old woman exhibiting the yellow nail syndrome in association with ipsilateral xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Nephrectomy resulted in complete resolution of the pleural effusion and slow improvement of the yellow nails. This report calls attention to the renal-related pleural effusion, and to the thorough investigation needed for the yellow nail syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management of congenital laryngeal malformations.

Congenital malformations of the larynx are relatively rare but may be life-threatening. The most common causes include laryngomalacia, vocal cord paralysis, and subglottic stenosis. The last 20 years has seen major advances in the field of surgical correction of such anomalies also serving to reduce the number of tracheotomies in children and the inherent dangers they pose. Success rates for the most popular surgical procedures have been favorable. These include supraglottoplasty for cases of severe laryngomalacia, in which relief of respiratory symptoms has been shown to occur in excess of 80% of cases. Complication rate is low, although postoperative death has been reported. Failure usually occurs in patients with concomitant airway abnormalities including pharyngomalacia. Vocal cord lateralization for vocal cord paralysis with airway compromise is achieved by means of arytenoidopexy or arytenoidectomy, using the lateral approach. Arytenoidectomy also can be performed using laryngofissure or endoscopic laser excision. Subglottic stenosis is the 3rd most common congenital anomaly. Anterior or multiple cricoid splitting with cartilage graft interpositioning is usually performed. The success rates for these procedures has been shown to be approximately 90%.

Arytenoid Cartilage↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental surgical treatment for recurrent epistaxis.

PURPOSE: To evaluate a new technique of submucosal supraperichondrial (SMSP) dissection of the nasal septum and its subsequent effect on the vascularity of the mucosa. A reduction may decrease the rate of recurrent anterior epistaxis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The procedure was performed on one side of the nasal septum of 16 laboratory rabbits. After healing occurred 3 months later, the animals' septa were excised and stained. Both sides were then compared by using standardized microscopic field analysis. RESULTS: The reduction in both the number of blood vessels on the operated side of the septum and the proportion of area occupied by these vessels was statistically significant (P < .004). CONCLUSION: This technique led to a reduction in the vascularity of the nasal septal mucosa, 3 months after dissection was performed. Healing, which occurs by a process of fibrosis, yielded a less vascularized tissue. Although further laboratory and clinical assessment is recommended, this technique may prove valuable in reducing the rate of recurrent anterior epistaxis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions in newborns in the first 48 hours after birth.

Newborns are often discharged from hospital at the age of about 48 hours. At this age, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) are not necessarily recordable in all healthy newborns. In order to determine the factors which would enable the successful recording of TEOAEs before discharge to facilitate screening for hearing, 65 fullterm newborns under 48 hours of age were tested, the youngest being 10 hours old. The ears of those neonates in whom TEOAEs could not be obtained (N = 7 neonates bilaterally, 6 unilaterally) were examined otoscopically, cleaned of vernix and retested for TEOAEs. We were thus able to record in at least one ear in all neonates tested, if the ears were clean, if they were asleep and if the testing room was quiet.

Acoustic Stimulation↗