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Biomedical subjects

R Eisen

Publications and source records attributed to R Eisen.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

The effect of shot biopsy on behavior, salivary cortisol, and heart rate in slaughter pigs.

This paper describes behavioral and physiological responses of pigs to shot biopsy, an experimental method used to study muscle tissue processes or to predict meat quality. One biopsy sample from the longissimus muscle was obtained from 23-wk-old gilts (n = 10) using a cannula connected to a captive bolt. Ten other gilts were used as a control and received a sham shot. One week later, a second biopsy was taken from the same gilts. Behavioral and salivary cortisol responses to both biopsies were similar (P > .10). Pigs flinched in response to the biopsies. Salivary cortisol concentrations were increased (P < .05) 15 min after the biopsy as compared with pretreatment levels, but absolute levels were not different (P > .10) from the control group. In both biopsy and control groups, heart rate increased (P < .001) in response to the presence of the technician. In response to the first biopsy, heart rate increased (P < .01) as compared with the rate during the 5-s period before the biopsy, but heart rate did not increase in response to the second biopsy. The biopsy pigs showed a decrease (P < .05) in initiating contact with the technician in the second test. We conclude that shot biopsy had a significant acute effect on behavior and heart rate. Therefore, the usefulness of this technique in studies in which the behavioral and heart rate responses are measured is limited.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip in a 19-month-old child: a case report.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip is rarely seen in children. We present the case of a 19-month-old child, without known risk factors, who developed invasive squamous cell carcinoma involving the skin and underlying muscle of the lip. The histology of the tumor was invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the keratoacanthoma type. The distinction between this lesion and keratoacanthoma is often difficult and rests on the findings of invasion and significant atypia. Due to the extremely low incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in children, there are few therapeutic guidelines pertaining specifically to infants or children. This patient underwent wide local excision as definitive treatment. Currently, it is 24 months after excision of the tumor and he remains free of clinical recurrence.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1994

The fate of medialized cartilage in thyroplasty type I.

Thyroplasty type I is rapidly emerging as the preferred means of medializing a paralyzed vocal fold. We discuss our experience with the fate of a medialized cartilage window 9 months after an otherwise successful operation. Cartilage resorption over time resulted in degeneration of voice and in progressive aspiration. We recommend removing the cartilage window rather than medializing it, in the interest of stabilizing the degree of long-term vocal fold medialization.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMed1994

Epstein-Barr virus-infected marmoset cells do not form lymphomas in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency.

EBV has been associated with several malignancies in humans. EBV can also infect marmoset B lymphocytes, which, as opposed to human B cells, are permissive for lytic Epstein-Barr viral replication. Mice with a severe combined immunodeficiency phenotype (SCID mice) are extremely susceptible to EBV-induced lymphomagenesis when inoculated with EBV-infected lymphocytes. We inoculated SCID mice with human and marmoset lymphoblastoid cells infected with the same EBV isolates. The marmoset cells never gave rise to lymphomas, even after the administration of acyclovir or an anti-natural killer cell antibody and observation periods of up to 16 wk. In contrast, the human lymphoblastoid cells nearly always gave rise to lymphomas within 8 wk. Furthermore, human lymphoblastoid cells genetically engineered to permit lytic EBV replication also readily formed tumors in the SCID mouse. Thus, in this system, it is the cellular milieu that is crucial in determining whether a given lymphoblastoid cell will give rise to a tumor, not the EBV isolate harbored by the cell or whether the virus is permitted to undergo lytic replication.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Periodic acid-Schiff-positive organisms in primary cutaneous Bacillus cereus infection. Case report and an investigation of the periodic acid-Schiff staining properties of bacteria.

Primary cutaneous Bacillus cereus infection frequently presents as a single necrotic bulla on the extremity of an immunocompromised patient. In lesional biopsy specimens and smears, the large gram-positive rods of B cereus may be mistaken for Clostridium species. This is a potentially serious error, as Bacillus species are resistant to penicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics. We studied a case in which large periodic acid-Schiff-staining organisms were seen in the biopsy specimen from a necrotic bulla on the finger of a neutropenic patient with diffuse large cell lymphoma. The tissue biopsy specimen subsequently yielded a pure culture of B cereus. Staining with periodic acid-Schiff was then performed on a series of bacterial species in human tissue and from smears of culture colonies. The following bacterial species were found to be consistently periodic acid-Schiff positive after diastase digestion: B cereus, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Propionibacterium acnes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Micrococcus luteus.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Cutaneous metaplastic synovial cyst.

Metaplastic synovial cyst, a recently described entity, is histologically characterized by a cystic cavity lined by metaplastic synovial tissue that is often hyperplastic and protrudes into its lumen as villous structures. Clinically, these lesions resemble suture granuloma and develop at the site of previous surgical trauma. We have studied 4 cases of this unusual entity and have investigated the immunohistochemical profile in an effort to determine the nature and derivation of their lining tissue. One of our cases is unique since the lesion was associated with a basal cell carcinoma. A history of previous surgery was noted in one, and history of trauma in 2 of the 4 cases. Our immunohistochemical observations confirmed a mesenchymal derivation for the "synovial like villous structures" but non-availability of a specific "synovial" marker does not permit us to conclude with certainty the synovial nature of the metaplastic tissue. Cutaneous metaplastic synovial cysts are unique lesions which deserve attention and should be included in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous cysts.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutaneous gonococcal abscess: a case report.

A 29-year-old man was diagnosed as having a gonococcal abscess of the prepuce and urethritis. Such abscesses, caused by fetal monitoring during labor of a mother infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, have been observed on the scalp of newborns. If antibiotic treatment is to be effective, these abscesses must be excised and drained.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quantitative prognosis of mortality in newborn infants treated with artificial respiration].

Among the 5 indexes to estimate the mortality rate of ventilated newborns the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient was elaborated as the best statistical model. By means of the probit method a quantitative estimation regarding mortality prognosis became possible. We could demonstrate that already mean values of the first 6 hours are able to give a very precise prognosis of mortality. Among the variables considered, a reduction of gestational age demonstrated a significant influence on the mortality rate. In contrary diagnoses of respiratory problems showed no influence. An increase in D(Aa)O2 raised mortality rate significantly. Using the D(Aa)O2-model the individual mortality rate for any ventilated newborn within an interval of (0.1) can be given.

Birth Weight↗