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Biomedical subjects

R E Shaw

Publications and source records attributed to R E Shaw.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Measuring case management activity.

A method is presented for measuring the activities of case management in the care of the severely mentally disabled in catchmented public community mental health systems. Two variants of the method were compared, interviewing case managers and record abstracting. The methods were tested in two community mental health center (CMHC) sites, and appear to yield comparable results. The record abstract method seems workable for retrospective examination of case management in a CMHC system, and for the comparison of case management in different systems.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed1983

The treatment of large bladder diverticula.

Thirty-eight cases of large bladder diverticula treated surgically between 1970 and 1979 were reviewed. Twenty-two underwent diverticulectomy alone and 19 of these had no further trouble during a follow-up period averaging 4.5 years. Three other patients who had undergone resection of a small prostate gland prior to diverticulectomy might also have been cured by diverticulectomy alone. In at least half of the patients presenting with large bladder diverticula no obstructive factor was present and it is concluded that primary diverticula are more common than was previously thought. Clinically, primary diverticula may be distinguished from secondary on the basis of symptoms, cystoscopic findings of trabeculation and urodynamic studies. A more extensive application of the transperitoneal approach in performing diverticulectomy is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Late presentation of ectopic ureter.

Primary urinary incontinence is a recognised symptom of ectopic ureter but it is unusual for incontinence in this condition to occur for the first time in adult life. Three cases are described of ectopic ureter presenting in adult life with incontinence; 2 were secondary to ectopic ureterovaginal fistula resulting from gynaecological procedures and one followed prolonged labour.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Perception of growth: a geometric analysis of how different styles of change are distinguished.

Although there have been many demonstrations that human observers can accurately recognize a variety of styles of change, such as rolling, walking, or growing, there are no existing theories capable of explaining how one style of change is distinguished from another. The present article offers a hypothesis that any recognizable style of change is uniquely specified by geometric invariants- the abstract properties of a visual display that are preserved by the change. In an effort to provide an empirical test of this hypothesis, several experiments involving the perception of growth were performed. Observers were required to make perceptual judgments of consequences of facial profiles, each of which was constructed by using a different mathematical transformation. The same pattern of results was obtained on both a free response task and a growth rating task: All transformations that were consistently identified as growth preserved the same geometric invariants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of methods for measuring velar position from lateral-view cineradiography.

The purpose of this experiment was to compare methods of measuring velar position during speech movements from lateral-view cineradiographic films. Specifically, correlations were calculated between measurements from a radiopaque marker sutured to the oral surface of the velum and three velar measurements that do not involve a radiopaque marker. As the correlations with the marker measurements were relatively high, it is concluded that experimenters may be free to choose any of the measurement procedures. The attachment of radiopaque markers to the velum does not appear necessary for obtaining a reliable and valid estimate of velar movements during speech.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Perceptual information for the age level of faces as a higher order invariant of growth.

Previous work supports the hypothesis that cardioidal strain, a nonlinear topological transformation, offers a plausible mathematical model for the perceived global changes in human craniofacial morphology due to growth. Experiment 1 examined the generality of the effect of this growth transformation on relative age judgments by applying it to profiles of a dog, bird, and monkey. Experiment 2 investigated the abstractness of this transformation by looking at its effect on perceived age level of a Volkswagen "Beetle." In both experiments, cardioidal strain resulted in changes in the perceived age of the nonhuman profiles that were similar to those produced on human faces in earlier work. A second transformation, affine shear, failed to produce as significant an effect on perceived age as cardioidal strain when applied to the same structures. Because cardioidal strain produces changes in structures that do not share an isomorphism of rigid (Euclidian) local features or rigid feature configurations, this transformation seems both sufficiently general and abstract to specify what J.J. Gibson has called a "higher-order invariant of perceptual information.

Discrimination Learning↗
PubMed1978

Pre-operative arterial embolisation in renal carcinoma.

Nephrectomy for carcinoma is often accompanied by moderate or severe bleeding but this may be reduced by prior occlusion of the renal artery. Embolisation with fresh autologous clot is rendered ineffective by rapid lysis. In vitro experiments showed that the clot could be stabilised by the addition of epsilon amino caproic acid (EACA). By injecting stabilised clot into the renal arterysatisfactory devascularisation of kidney and tumour was achieved in 10 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Analgesic abuse in urological practice.

Thirty-three patients seen in a urological department had taken large doses of analgesic for prolonged periods of time. In 9 cases a diagnosis of pyramidal necrosis was established, while 4 other had pyelographic evidence of pyelonephritis, and analgesic abuse was probably an important aetiological factor in their renal condition. Analgesic nephropathy is easily overlooked unless patients are questioned routinely regarding their intake of analgesic. It is important to identify the group of patients without evidence of serious renal disease who are taking excessive quantities of analgesic and to urge them to abandon the practice.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1975

Aging faces as viscal-elastic events: implications for a theory of nonrigid shape perception.

A theory for the perception of events is proposed using the concepts of transformational and structural invariants. This approach involves the application of a method of spatial coordinate transformation to characterize the remodeling of faces by growth. By construing growing faces to the viscal-elastic events, the perception of the relative age level faces in made amenable to the proposed event perception analysis. Shear and strain transformation are compared as alternative formulations of growth-produced changes in the shape of human profiles. Thes studies indicate that profiles transformed by strain elicit more reliable rank-order age judgments than those transformed by shear, although shear had a small significant effect. It is also shown that subjects are highly sensitive to small changes in strain, and that perceived identity of a shape is preserved under the strain transformation. The explanatory adequacy of the event perception theory of age information is compared to that of more traditional feature analytic theories.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Transperitoneal ureterolithotomy.

The transperitoneal approach to the pelvic ureter has many advantages over the extraperitoneal technique for ureterolithotomy but the operation is safe only if contamination of the peritoneal cavity is avoided by establishing extraperitoneal drainage after closing the incision in the peritoneum over the ureter.

Aged↗