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Biomedical subjects

R E Schell

Publications and source records attributed to R E Schell.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Estimating WAIS-R IQ from the Shipley Institute of Living Scale: a replication.

Zachary, Crumpton, and Spiegel (1985) introduced a linear regression and continuous norming procedure for estimating Full Scale WAIS-R IQ from the Shipley Institute of Living Scale. The present study replicated their method with 55 adult psychiatric inpatients and day hospital patients. A high correlation (r = .85), an extremely small mean difference in IQ (.8 points), and an acceptable average absolute difference (7.6 points) were found between estimated and obtained WAIS-R. Sines and Simmons tables (1959) for Shipley estimates of WAIS IQ produced a high correlation (r = .86), but large mean and average absolute differences (13.1 and 13.6 points, respectively). The study supports use of the Zachary et al. procedure for estimating WAIS-R IQ from Shipley scores in a psychiatric population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Amphotericin B-induced changes in renal membrane permeation: a model of nephrotoxicity.

As part of an investigation into the nephrotoxic effects of the polyene antibiotic Amphotericin B we have studied its effects on the ion permeability of purified renal brush border membrane vesicles. Membrane potentials were measured using a potential sensitive carbocyanine dye, and ion permeabilities were calculated from the constant field equation. Amphotericin B significantly altered the ionic permeability sequence of isolated membranes and caused a selectivity for increasing the permeation of anions. Permeability changes induced by 2.0 micrograms/ml Amphotericin B resulted in an estimated hyperpolarization of the membrane from -50 mV to -72 mV. In addition, the kinetic parameters of Na+ dependent transport of organic metabolites were examined. The maximum change in fluorescence was decreased significantly in the presence of Amphotericin B. These results suggest that the ionic state of the renal cell membrane is significantly altered by the presence of Amphotericin B.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1988

Differentiating the etiology of male erectile dysfunction using the Millon Behavioral Health Inventory and self-report measures.

This study examines the effectiveness of using the Millon Behavioral Health Inventory in conjunction with self-report measures of erectile dysfunction to classify the etiology of erectile dysfunction in males. Subjects were 70 males with erectile dysfunction. The results indicate that 47% of the subjects with psychogenic etiology, 65% with mixed etiology, and 71% of the subjects with organic etiology were correctly classified. These and previous findings indicate that the MBHI is an effective method of assessing the etiology of erectile dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of lidocaine on transport properties of renal brush-border membranes.

The effect of lidocaine was examined in membrane vesicles from rabbit renal brush borders. Changes in the ionic permeability and the kinetics of Na+-dependent metabolite transport were observed at different concentrations of anesthetic. Lidocaine was found to alter the membrane permeability of all inorganic cations examined (Li+, Rb+, K+, and Na+). At low lidocaine concentrations, there was a saturable decrease in permeability, whereas at higher concentrations (greater than 0.2 mM) there was a non-saturable general increase in cation permeability. Lidocaine (1.0 mM) inhibited Na+-coupled transport of all ten substrates examined (sugars, amino acids and Krebs cycle intermediates). The affinity for the substrate decreased in the presence of the anesthetic.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Nosocomial infections.

Hospital-acquired infections cause significant morbidity, mortality and expense. Surveillance and control programs are necessary to reduce the rate of these infections. Measures to control infection include handwashing, sterilization, use of sterile disposable items, closed urinary drainage, intravenous catheter care, non-touch dressing technique, proper care of respiratory equipment and perioperative chemoprophylaxis.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1985

Specificity of intestinal brush-border proline transport: cyanine dye studies.

The ability of rabbit jejunal brush borders to transport inhibitors of the imino carrier was investigated in membrane vesicles by measuring their ability to depolarize the membrane potential. Membrane potentials were monitored using a voltage-sensitive cyanine dye. Piperidine and pyrrolidine carboxylic acids, which are potent inhibitors of Na+-dependent proline transport (Ki less than 0.5 mM) depolarize the potential in a Na+-dependent, saturable manner indicating transport. On the other hand, N-methylated amino acids, which are fair inhibitors (Ki 2-10 mM), do not depolarize the membrane to any significant extent, but they competitively inhibit the L-proline transport signal. This indicates that these analogs are nontransported inhibitors of the imino carrier. The poor inhibitors niacin and pipolinic acid (Ki greater than 60 mM) depolarize the membrane about twice as much as proline and with low Kf values. This suggests separate carriers for these substrates.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1985

Electrophysiology of succinate transport across rabbit renal brush border membranes.

In rabbit renal brush border membrane vesicles, the membrane potential was monitored using a voltage-sensitive optical probe (diS-C3-(5)). The ionic dependence of the electrogenic Na+/succinate co-transporter was determined in the presence of monovalent anions and mono-, di-, and trivalent cations. Na+ and La3+ were the only cations capable of supporting a succinate-dependent membrane depolarization: Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, NH4+, Hg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Sr2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Cd2+, Be2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Co2+ did not. Succinate increased the Na+ permeability of the brush border membrane in a saturable manner: saturating succinate (3 mM) concentrations increased the Na+/K+ permeability (PNa/PK) ratio from 0.6 to 2.3. In the presence of Na+, Li+ and Hg2+ inhibit the succinate potential: cis-Li+ inhibition is competitive with an apparent Ki of 2 mM, while trans-Li+ is noncompetitive; cis-Hg2+ decreased the maximal depolarization with an inhibitor constant Ki of 8 microM, and this effect was irreversible. Cations having no effect included K+, Rb+, Cs+, NH4+, Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Be2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, and La3+. It is concluded that succinate/Na+ co-transport produces a specific increase in the Na+ conductance of renal brush borders.

Animals↗