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Biomedical subjects

R E McDermott

Publications and source records attributed to R E McDermott.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Indebtedness of dental school graduates in Canada: mortgaged futures.

The debt level of graduating dental students is increasing annually. Six of Canada's 10 dental schools responded to a survey designed to ascertain the level of student debt on entering and graduating from dental school. For the academic year 1993-94, the average starting debt for students was $2,013.89 and the average graduating debt was $25,671.30. On average, dental students accumulated more than $23,600 in debt while pursuing their dental education. Of those students who completed the survey, 57.89 per cent relied on their parents for assistance, and 76.69 per cent received student/government loans. The level of student debt was independent of age, gender and parents' income.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Calculating the economic impact of healthcare facilities on communities.

A methodology has been developed to calculate the direct, indirect, and induced spending effects of a healthcare facility on the community it serves. This methodology may be used by financial managers to produce data that demonstrate the effect of facilities on local economies. The data may be used by administrators to increase awareness of the pivotal economic role healthcare facilities play in communities among business and government leaders, economic development organizations, medical staff members, facility employees, trustees, and patients.

Accounting↗
PubMed1994

The role of community hospitals in the performance of local economies.

Many hospital administrators recognize an increasing need to educate the public on the important role their institutions play in the economic viability of the local community. Reasons include negative coverage by the press of increasing hospital costs, eroding philanthropy, managed care programs mandating out-of-area preferred providers, and declining city revenues, which have caused some municipalities to attempt to place not-for-profit health care facilities on the tax roles. This article reviews a technique that can be used by hospitals to build community support by demonstrating the favorable economic impact hospitals have on the communities they serve.

Commerce↗
PubMed1992

Novel thiazolidine-2,4-diones as potent euglycemic agents.

A new series of thiazolidine-2,4-diones was obtained by replacing the ether function of englitazone with various functional groups, i.e., a ketone, alcohol, or olefin moiety. These compounds lower blood glucose levels in the genetically obese and insulin-resistant ob/ob mouse. Appending an oxazole-based group at the terminus of the chain provided highly potent compounds.

Alcohols↗
PubMed1991

The economic impact of hospitals in rural communities.

This article presents how to assess the economic impact of a hospital on a rural community. The economic impact is identified by assessing the direct, induced, and indirect impacts that result because of the presence of a hospital in a rural community. The methodology utilizes survey data and estimation procedures for four rural hospitals. The economic impact estimates are based on microdata. Income multipliers are estimated for each of the rural communities. The research demonstrates that rural hospitals do make significant economic contributions to the communities they serve. Community leaders can use the model presented to evaluate the economic impact of their local hospital.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed1991

Root surface caries prevalence and associated factors among adult patients in an acute care hospital.

There have been many studies reporting on the prevalence of root surface caries in elderly populations, but there is little consistency in these reports concerning the associated risk factors. In the present study, intraoral examinations were carried out on adult patients (age range 22 to 91 years, mean age 57.9) on the acute care wards of a teaching hospital. Of the 103 patients examined, 23.3% exhibited carious lesions on root surfaces, these lesions occurring more frequently in males than in females, and more frequently in the 60 years and older age groups. Forty-five per cent of all root lesions recorded were found on the buccal or facial root surfaces of teeth exhibiting root surface caries. Individuals exhibiting root surface caries had more surfaces with gingival recession and loss of attachment greater than or equal to 3mm, more retained roots, higher DMFT values, and less teeth. However, statistically significant relationships were not obtained between root surface caries and a) coronal caries, b) dental plaque, c) calculus, d) bleeding on probing, and e) probing depth greater than or equal to 4mm. Thirty-three strains of Actinomyces viscosus were isolated from plaque samples taken from root surface lesions compared to 21 strains isolated from intact root surfaces.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1990

Dental treatment needs of elderly patients seen at a university teaching clinic.

There is little data describing the treatment needs of elderly patients seeking dental care at dental school clinics. Such information would be useful in curriculum planning for predoctoral dental programs in order to ensure that students receive a good basic education in the management and treatment of the older dental patient. In this study, the charts of all patients 65 years of age and older, accepted for treatment at the College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, were reviewed. Data was collected from the dental examination chart and the proposed treatment plan. From a total of 156 patients, 41% were found to be edentulous at the time of examination or were treatment planned to become edentulous. A variety of treatment procedures including scaling, individual tooth restorations, fixed prosthodontics, minor periodontal surgery and extractions were found to be required in the dentate patients. The emerging elderly patient will probably retain more teeth and therefore have proportionately more treatment needs than the present elderly generation. Practicing dentists should be aware of these changing patterns of oral diseases. University teaching clinics must ensure the predoctoral dental student's access to an elderly patient pool to allow these students to gain experience in managing the dental needs of this growing sector of the North American population.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Self-reported medical conditions and drug use among elderly dental patients.

There is a paucity of data describing the prevalence of systemic conditions and drug use in elderly dental patients. In this study, the charts of all patients, 65 years of age and older who were accepted for dental treatment at the University Dental Clinic in Saskatoon, Canada, during the period from January 1986 to April 1988 were reviewed. Data was obtained from a self-administered questionnaire and an oral history sheet. Cardiovascular diseases (27 per cent), orthopedic problems (24 per cent), and endocrine disorders (16 per cent), were the most commonly reported systemic conditions. Approximately 15 per cent of these patients were taking three or more medications at the time of examination. Dentists should be aware of alternate approaches for treating the medically compromised elderly patient. These findings emphasize the importance of obtaining an adequate drug history prior to commencing dental treatment. Guidelines are required to enable dental clinicians to make informed decisions, in order to provide the most appropriate therapy for this growing segment of our population.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Orthodontic education and practice in Canada: perceptions of the profession as shown in a recent survey.

A questionnaire survey concerning the training and practice of orthodontics was mailed to 20 per cent of the licensed dentists and to dental specialists in the provinces of Ontario, Manitoba, Alberta, and British Columbia between March and August of 1987. The response rate was 49.4 per cent. Many dentists and orthodontists who completed the survey reported declines in patient load during the past three years. Dental schools are perceived to be providing inadequate orthodontic training, in both the undergraduate dental curriculum and in the area of continuing education. A desire for an increase in time, quality, and applications was expressed. Between 20.1 and 34.2 per cent of fully-banded orthodontic cases are being treated by general practitioners.

Alberta↗
PubMed1989

Property tax exemption for nonprofit hospitals.

This article discusses management practices that hospital administrators can use to minimize the exposure to property taxation. First, the results of a national survey on the extensiveness of property tax exemption are reviewed. Next, a review of the history of recent developments in Utah is presented, including the recent ruling of the Utah State Supreme Court that "nonprofit" status does not necessarily qualify a hospital for property tax exemption. Finally, a series of suggestions for nonprofit hospitals to consider in an effort to minimize the probability of a challenge to their tax-exempt status is offered.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed1989

Edentulousness in patients attending a university dental clinic.

The purpose of this study was to establish base-line data on the prevalence of edentulism in adult patients seeking care at the College of Dentistry, in the City of Saskatoon. Out of a total of 548 patients, 75 (13.7 per cent) were totally edentulous. However, there were no individuals edentulous only in the mandible. Contrary to most previous surveys, the prevalence of edentulism was higher in the males than in the females in all age groups except in the 50-59 age group. The results from this study may facilitate the evaluation of future trends in edentulism, and prosthodontic treatment needs at the same locale.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Tooth loss in a selected population in Saskatoon.

Tooth mortality in a population can provide information about the prevalence of dental disease, availability of dental care and attitudes about tooth extraction. The tooth mortality of patients presenting for treatment at the University Dental Clinic (Saskatoon, Canada) during the school terms 1981-1986 was determined to provide base-line data during a time when the dentist-to-population ratio has been increasing, and to compare the results with similar studies carried out in Britain and Greece. The data were analyzed according to the same quinquennial age groups as in the other studies. There were no statistically significant differences between the two time periods at all ages and therefore the data were pooled. Totally edentulous persons were excluded from the analysis for comparison purposes. The prevalence of tooth loss increased with age with a rapid period of tooth loss encompassing the mean ages of 34 to 47 years, a slowing of further loss up to the mean age of 62 and thereafter, a further increase. The initial rapid loss was most apparent for molar teeth and least apparent for mandibular incisor teeth. With the exception of first molars, more teeth were lost in the maxilla than in the mandible. The present data are similar to the findings reported in British and Greek studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

What is the perception of the CFO: manager or technician?

This survey indicates that while both CEOs and CFOs feel that the ideal CFO should be more management oriented, both still place an emphasis on the technical characteristics of the job. This technical emphasis is seen when both CFOs and CEOs were asked to list the most and least important characteristics of the role of the ideal CFO. And while many CEOs view their CFOs as being viable candidates for possible CEO positions in the future, twice as many CFOs view themselves as possible CEOs in the future.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗