Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R E Marcus.
A case of fracture of the footplate of the stapes resulting in air in the labyrinth is reported. The pneumolabyrinth was demonstrated by CT scan of the temporal bone but not by complex motion tomography. We consider pneumolabyrinth to be a new diagnostic CT finding in stapes footplate fracture.
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Desferrioxamine was given intravenously, at higher doses than previously reported, to counter the effects of transfusion-induced iron overload in four patients with beta thalassaemia major. In two of them retinal abnormalities developed, presenting with night blindness and field defects, which improved on withdrawal of the drug.
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Railyard or train-related accidents are a common cause of traumatic amputations in children. Four consecutive children with traumatic lower extremity amputations due to railyard amputation seen between 1975 and 1980 demonstrated: a common mechanism of injury--all were attempting to obtain rides on slow-moving trains near their homes or school; similar lower extremity amputation patterns--four right below knee and two left Syme's amputations; and distinctively abnormal psychosocial backgrounds. The psychosocial abnormalities have been demonstrated to be unique in children sustaining traumatic railyard amputations and are probably contributory. Awareness of these factors is important when considering surgical intervention and in planning for long-term rehabilitation.
We evaluated the results in thirteen patients with disabling tibiotalar arthritis who underwent a new operation for ankle fusion for relief of pain. The procedure in all of these patients was a chevron (pitched-roof) tibiotalar osteotomy and excision of the joint. A bilateral approach to the ankle joint was used and the arthrodesis was supplemented by internal fixation and a tibial onlay graft applied medially. There were few complications, none of them of major importance. The after-care required only immobilization in a short cast. All but one patient had a solid fusion. The final result was a normal-looking ankle with good function.
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A model for blood requirements of transfusion-dependent patients is presented to relate the transfusion interval in days (I), the percentage fall in hemoglobin (F), and the time in days after a transfusion during which no red cell loss occurs (S). The model applies to both normal blood (S = 0) and to young red cell (YRBC) transfusions, giving I = (S + 120)/(200/F - 1) The model predicts prolongation of transfusion interval by use of YRBCs, and is also of use in establishing whether excess red cell destruction or significant red cell production is present in a transfusion-dependent patient receiving either normal blood or YRBCs.
Young red cells (YRBCs) prepared using cell separators contain large numbers of white cells. The absolute numbers and percentages of different lymphocyte subsets and progenitor cells in YRBC collections were assessed before and after filtration through two white cell filters. It was found that the filters do not take up or selectively allow through any one lymphocyte subset and that the absolute number of T cells and progenitor cells in YRBC collections after filtration is less than that in normal donor blood.
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Ninety-four subjects were divided into 5 groups according to symptoms and radiologic findings to devise a test for immunoglobin levels and lymphocyte microstimulation. Cellular immunity to disk antigens can be demonstrated in disk degeneration which may be primary or secondary. The serum level of IgM, irrespective of the age of the individual was significantly higher in patients with backache than asymptomatic patients.