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Biomedical subjects

R E Kingsley

Publications and source records attributed to R E Kingsley.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Topical substance P and corneal epithelial wound closure in the rabbit.

PURPOSE: The authors determined the effect of topically applied substance P (SP) on the rate of corneal epithelial wound closure in the rabbit. METHODS: Uniform circular lesions, 6.5 mm in diameter, were made bilaterally in the corneal epithelium of 24 rabbits using N-heptanol. Substance P was applied repeatedly to one eye, and the SP1-7 fragment was applied to the contralateral (control) eye until wound closure was obtained. Three concentrations of peptide solution (5 x 10(-5) M, 5 x 10(-4) M, and 5 x 10(-3) M) were tested in separate groups of eight animals each. An additional eight animals received topical applications (5 x 10(-7) M) of the neurokinin-1 (NK1)-specific SP receptor antagonist CP-99,994-01 or its ineffective enantiomer CP-100,263-01. The mean rates of wound healing for each group of experimental and control eyes were determined by linear regression and analyzed by analysis of variance. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the mean rates of wound closure (range, 0.083 to 0.106 mm/hour) between experimental- and control-treated corneas for any of the four groups tested. CONCLUSIONS: The topical application of SP or its NK1 receptor antagonist has no significant effect on the rate of corneal epithelial wound closure in the rabbit.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

Colchicine treatment in the preparation of varicella-zoster virus inocula.

Two methods, ultrasonic and colchicine treatment, for preparing varicella-zoster virus (VZV) inocula were compared. Ultrasonic treatment was unsuccessful in achieving the release of detectable, infectious, cell-free VZV from infected human foreskin fibroblast (SF) cells. Sonication of infected SF cells resulted in losses of virus infectivity in direct correlation with losses in cell viability (r = 0.82). In the second method of generating VZV inocula, VZV-infected SF cells were treated for 15 min with 15-20 ng of colchicine per cell. Colchicine treatment maintained short-term survival of virus infectivity, but resulted in a dramatic decrease in long-term cell viability. In addition, colchicine-treated cells could not support the replication of VZV.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1989

Sensory and sympathetic innervation of the mammalian cornea. A retrograde tracing study.

The method of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase-wheat germ agglutinin (HRP-WGA) was used to study the locations, numbers and somata diameters of corneal afferent and efferent neurons in four different mammalian species. A 2% solution of HRP-WGA was applied to the central cornea of the rat, rabbit, cat and monkey and the animals were perfusion-fixed 48-96 hr later. HRP-WGA-labeled sensory neurons were distributed relatively uniformly throughout the ophthalmic region of the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion of the rat, cat and monkey. In marked contrast, labeled cells in the rabbit trigeminal ganglion were clustered in a sharply defined longitudinal column located in the midregion of the ophthalmic area. Occasional cells in some cats and monkeys were observed near, and possibly within, the maxillary region of the ganglion. There was no evidence for a dorsoventral somatotopy of corneal afferent neurons in any species. The majority of the labeled afferent somata were small or medium in size, although some larger diameter neurons were also observed. Modest numbers of labeled neurons were observed in the ipsilateral superior cervical ganglion (SCG) of the rabbit and cat; however, only occasional labeled neurons were observed in the SCG of the rat, and none were seen in the monkey. The labeled SCG cells, when present, were concentrated in the rostral half of the ganglion, although many cells in the cat SCG were also found further caudally. No labeled neurons were found in the middle cervical or stellate ganglia of any animal. The results of this study have revealed the existence of subtle interspecies differences in the organization of the mammalian corneal afferent and efferent innervations.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Preparation of cultured mammalian cells for transmission and scanning electron microscopy using Aclar film.

Common methods for the preparation of cultured cells for concurrent light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are not completely satisfactory. This article describes how we grow mammalian cells on plastic disks made from Aclar film. Aclar is a transparent fluorinated-chlorinated thermoplastic that contains no volatile components and is, for all practical purposes, chemically inert. Cells adhere to it readily and remain attached after fixation, dehydration, and critical-point drying or embedding. The film also accepts heavy metal coating by ionic bombardment and is extremely stable in the vacuum of the SEM. LM observations are unhindered by Aclar, since the film is as transparent as glass. Fluorescence microscopy is possible with this film, since it exhibits no detectable autofluorescence. During SEM observation, the film has great dimensional stability, and the cells and heavy metal coating remain attached to the Aclar even under high-resolution operating conditions. TEM processing of specimens grown on Aclar is simplified by the fact that Aclar does not stick to the epoxy resins used in EM. Furthermore, Aclar is easily sectioned and does not damage knives used in ultramicrotomy. The use of Aclar film considerably simplifies the preparation of cultured cells for all types of microscopy. This method is particularly useful in correlating surface features between SEM and TEM observations.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Long-term survival of peripheral axons that have reinnervated the spinal cord.

Adult cats received grafts after the fashion of Barnes and Worall by anastomosing the central stump of a ventral L7 root to the central stump of a dorsal L6 root. After regeneration periods from 4 weeks to 316 weeks (79 months) the regenerated axons were identified by the horseradish peroxidase technique. In some animals, regenerated boutons were identified using electron microscopy. With shorter regeneration times, most of the labeled axons were seen in the white matter of the dorsal funiculus. In the longest surviving cat, labeled axons were seen in the entire medial half of the dorsal horn grey matter. Boutons derived from regenerated axons appeared typical of CNS boutons, showing none of the morphologic characteristics of the motor end plate.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A proportional controlled thermoregulator circuit of simple design.

This paper describes a proportional controlled thermoregulator circuit. The instrument controls D.C. current in the heating device, precluding the introduction of radiated interference by the heater. This circuit is capable of regulating the temperature of a typical decerebrated cat to within 0.1 degrees C. A dual channel temperature regulator can be constructed for about $ 300.

Animals↗