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Biomedical subjects

R E Erb

Publications and source records attributed to R E Erb.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Adenocarcinoma in a sigmoid conduit: case report.

The increased risk of developing adenocarcinoma in the sigmoid colon after ureterosigmoidostomy has been acknowledged for some time. Development of adenocarcinoma in colonic conduits isolated from the fecal stream is rare. We report a case of adenocarcinoma arising in a sigmoid conduit that probably represents a metachronous adenocarcinoma of the colon.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1990

Early detection of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with chest pain and nondiagnostic ECGs: serial CK-MB sampling in the emergency department.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Patients presenting to the emergency department with chest discomfort are a difficult problem for emergency physicians. Nearly 50% of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) will initially have nondiagnostic ECGs on ED presentation. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with AMI having nondiagnostic ECGs could be identified using new immunochemical assays for serial CK-MB sampling in the ED. DESIGN: Chest pain patients, more than 30 years old, with pain not caused by trauma or explained by radiographic findings, were eligible for the study. Serial serum samples were drawn on ED presentation (zero hours) and three hours after presentation, then analyzed for CK-MB using four immunochemical methods and electrophoresis. Standard World Health Organization criteria were used to establish the diagnosis of AMI, including new Q-wave formation or elevation of standard in-hospital serum cardiac enzyme markers. SETTING: A tertiary cardiac care community hospital. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The serum from 183 patients hospitalized for possible ischemic chest pain was collected and analyzed. Thirty-one of 183 patients (17%) were found to have AMI by standard in-hospital criteria. Sixteen of the 31 patients (52%) with AMI had nondiagnostic ECGs on presentation. Immunochemical determination of serial CK-MB levels provided a sensitive and specific method for detecting AMI in patients within three hours after ED presentation compared with standard electrophoresis. The four immunochemical methods demonstrated a range in sensitivity from 50% to 62.1% on ED presentation versus 92% to 96.7% three hours later. The immunochemical tests demonstrated specificities ranging from 83.0% to 96.4% at three hours, with three of the four tests having specificities of 92% or greater. Electrophoresis had a sensitivity of 34.5% on ED presentation, increasing to 76.9% at three hours, with a specificity of 98.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Immunochemical CK-MB methods allowed rapid, sensitive detection of AMI in the ED. Early detection of AMI offers many potential advantages to the emergency physician. Early detection of AMI, while the patient is in the ED, could direct disposition of this potentially unstable patient to an intensive care setting. Such information may prevent the ED discharge of patients with AMI having nondiagnostic ECGs. The diagnosis of AMI within a six-hour period after symptom onset may allow thrombolytic therapy to be given to patients with AMI not having diagnostic ECGs. This study served as a pilot trial for a multicenter study of the Emergency Medicine Cardiac Research Group, which is currently ongoing.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Massive hemoperitoneum following rupture of hepatic metastases from unsuspected choriocarcinoma.

Spontaneous massive hemoperitoneum in a reproductive-aged woman is usually associated with ectopic pregnancy. An unusual cause of intraperitoneal hemorrhage is presented: spontaneous rupture of hepatic metastases from unsuspected choriocarcinoma in a 29-year-old woman 4 weeks postpartum. Although choriocarcinoma is known to have the potential for subsequent hemorrhage of secondary sites, massive hemoperitoneum due to rupture of hepatic metastases is rare. In this case report, the presentation, prognosis groups, and treatment modalities are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Factors associated with edema of the mammary gland in primigravid dairy heifers.

The severity and anatomical extent of mammary edema (edema) of 73 primigravid Holstein heifers was scored, and certain hormones in peripheral blood plasma were quantified. The objective was to obtain by least-squares analysis of covariance independent estimates of the association of each hormone and other factors with edema scores around first calving. Mammary edema prepartum increased with age of heifer and gestation length, decreased as calf birthweight increased, but was unrelated to seasonal fluctuations in temperature and photoperiod. The increase in edema during the last week of pregnancy was accounted for by associations with prepartum concentrations of hormones in plasma. The independent estimates of hormonal relationships to edema score prepartum were positive for plasma estrone and estradiol-17 alpha and were negative for plasma estradiol-17 beta and progesterone. Plasma prolactin was not related to edema score. After parturition, estradiol-17 beta was the only independent variable associated (negatively) with edema. The results indicate a complicated interaction among the sex steroids of late pregnancy wherein some steroids may promote edema and other steroids may inhibit edema in heifers.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Variables associated with peripartum traits in dairy cows. IV. Seasonal relationships among temperature, photoperiod, and blood plasma prolactin.

Concentrations of prolactin in plasma were measured in 176 dairy cows and heifers from 13 days before calving to 2.5 days after calving over 21 mo. Prolactin averaged 35.1, 115.0, and 34.4 ng/ml prepartum (days -13 to -2), peripartum (days -1.0 to +.5), and postpartum (days +1.5 and +2.5). Season of the year affected prolactin in all periods. The linear covariate of daily photoperiod (hours of daylight per 24 h) accounted for as much variation in prolactin prepartum and postpartum as did linear covariates of both photoperiod and average daily temperature. However, it was possible to account for additional seasonal variation in prolactin peripartum by addition of the temperature covariate to the photoperiod covariate. Although photoperiod was related either directly or indirectly more than temperature to factors affecting prolactin seasonally, these statistical inferences cannot prove that prolactin is more dependent on photoperiod than on temperature because the two metereorological measures were correlated (r = .84). When the data were grouped for correlation analysis by months, correlations between temperature and prolactin among prepartum samples collected in the spring and in the fall were positive, small but significant.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of sexual experience, location, malnutrition, and repeated sampling on concentrations of testosterone in blood plasma of Gallus domesticus roosters.

Five studies were conducted with mature White Leghorn roosters to study variables associated with concentrations of testosterone in blood sampled from a wing vein. Testosterone in blood plasma was unchanged 15, 30, or 45 min after collection of semen artificially whether or not roosters were trained for collection of semen. Likewise, cohabitation with hens for 7 to 8 hr was without effect. However, trained roosters had higher (P less than .05) plasma testosterone concentrations after 7 to 8 hr in a new location than untrained roosters. Furthermore, both groups in the new location had higher testosterone concentrations than the controls not translocated. Plasma testosterone was decreased (P less than .01) about 50% within 2 weeks by feeding a diet low in crude protein (2%) which decreased feed intake 33% and caused weight loss; those fed 12% crude proteins were unchanged. Variations in concentrations of testosterone among sequential samples of blood collected at 45 min intervals for 3 hr indicated random pulsatile releases of testosterone as reported for mammals. Sequential sampling at 15 min intervals for 1 to 2 hr revealed that the testosterone increases (up to 10 ng/ml) lasted for about 1 hr and that the returns to basal concentrations required about 1 to 1.5 hr. The interval between pulsatile releases may be as long as 3 hr in some roosters. These results indicate that roosters have spontaneous and pulsatile releases of testosterone as expected, because roosters release luteinizing hormone episodically during both light and dark cycles of the day.

Animals↗