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Biomedical subjects

R E Cutler

Publications and source records attributed to R E Cutler.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Pharmacokinetics of amikacin in patients with normal or impaired renal function: radioenzymatic acetylation assay.

The acetylating radioenzymatic assay was used for determination of levels of amikacin in serum and urine. Because of an inhibitor present in various amounts in urine, assay of amikacin in urine by this method requires added internal standards and thus is less precise than the assay in serum. Determination of the rate of plasma clearance, half-life, and volume of distribution of amikacin in 10 patients with normal renal function, four patients undergoing dialysis, and five patients with end-stage renal diseases have shown a relation of half-life (t1/2 in hr) to rate of clearance of serum creatinine (Cer) of t1/2 = 3 X Cer, the same relation as found for kanamycin and gentamicin. The apparent steady-state volume of distribution of amikacin in patients with diminished renal function is slightly, but not significantly, larger than that in normal patients; the values were 0.28 +/- 0.10 and 0.21 +/- 0.10, respectively. In normal patients, 87% of the drug is excreted by the kidney.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1975

Assay of flucytosine and furosemide by high-pressure liquid chromatography.

A high-pressure liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of flucytosine and furosemide concentrations in biological fluid is described. The separations were carried out on a pellicular cation-exchange resin eluted with an ammonium phosphate buffer. Detection of elution peaks was by UV absorption at 280 nm and fluorescence monitoring. Advantages of the method are specificity, minimal preanalysis sample workup, and small sample size.

Buffers↗
PubMed1975

Measurement of residual glomerular filtration rate in the patient receiving repetitive hemodialysis.

The objective of the current study was to determine the best index of residual glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by comparing simultaneously measured clearances of inulin, 125I-iothalamate, endogenous creatinine, urea and 169ytterbium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (169YB-DTPA) in patients receiving repetitive hemodialysis. In patients with GFR less than 5 ml/min but greater than 1 ml/min, 125I-iothalamate clearance showed the best correlation with inulin clearance. However, creatinine clearance correlated better with inulin clearance than urea clearance and as well as urea + creatinine/2. In the patients with measured GFR less than 1 ml/min, the correlation of 125I-iothalamate, creatinine, urea and urea + creatinine/two clearances with inulin clearance was satisfactory. Similarly, satisfactory correlations were obtained when the relationships were examined across the entire range of measured clearances less than 5 ml/min. A simple, practical method is descriged for the accurate serial measurement of residual GFR in patients receiving repetitive dialysis.

Female↗
PubMed1975

The pharmacokinetics of procainamide in normal subjects using a specific gas chromatographic assay.

Previous procainamide pharmacokinetic studies have involved the use of colorimetric and fluorimetric methods for the determination of drug concentrations in plasma and urine. However, recent evidence shows that N-acetyl procainamide, the major metabolite in humans, is hydrolyzed during these assay procedures. As a result, a specific gas chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of procainamide in biological fluids. Using this assay procedure, the pharmacokinetics of procainamide were studied in 7 normal subjects following intravenous administration of the drug. The values of half-life (2.08 +/- 0.52 hr), volume of distribution (4.3 +/- 0.6 1/Kg) and total body clearance (1344 +/- 238 ml/min) found in this study differed from those previously reported. These discrepancies could be understood in terms of differences in assay specificity.

Blood Pressure↗