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Biomedical subjects

R Dumas

Publications and source records attributed to R Dumas.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[EEG periodic lateralized activities associated with ischemic cerebro-vascular strokes: physiopathologic significance and localizing value].

Eleven cases of periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLED) with stroke (9 cases) or transient ischemic attacks are reported. PLEDs are often associated with depression of conscience (81%) or partial pure motor epileptic seizures (90%). PLEDs and seizures seem independent on EEG. Ischemic strokes associated with PLEDs have some characteristic features: old age, vascular risk factors, parieto-occipital areas infarcts and frequent association with TIAs. PLEDs seem to be often associated with watershed infarcts. The relations between PLEDs and cerebral ischemia are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Electrophysiologic investigation of the anterior temporal and frontal lobes: sphenoidal and intraorbital electrodes].

The authors have evaluated the interest of sphenoidal electrodes in detection of internal temporal spikes, and intra-orbital electrodes in the detection of orbito-frontal spikes. From a study of 26 patients, 21 with sphenoidal electrodes, 3 with intra-orbital electrodes and 2 with both electrodes, they observed the sensitivity and specificity of such electrodes in detecting spikes with no traduction upon extra-cranial electrodes, or with an unsuspected traduction as spikes at a distance from deep electrodes, or spikes on 2 foci, or bisynchronous discharges. Sphenoidal and intra-oribital electrodes constitute a non-invasive method that provides excellent information in the exploration of the mesiobasal cerebral face. Indications for the use of such a method are complex absences without EEG traduction or with an unsuspected traduction and without abnormalities on CT scan, in the context of functional surgery of epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Migraine in patients with history of centro-temporal epilepsy in childhood: a Hm-PAO SPECT study.

The authors report the results of a retrospective controlled study on the incidence of migraine in centro-temporal epilepsy compared to absence epilepsy, partial epilepsy and a group of patients with cranial trauma without epilepsy. The following observations from this series of 129 patients were made. Migraine was present in 63% of the patients with centro-temporal epilepsy (rolandic epilepsy), in 33% with absence epilepsy, in 7% with partial epilepsy and in 9% of the cranial trauma group. These results suggest that the association of centro-temporal epilepsy and migraine is non-fortuitous and also to a lesser degree in absence epilepsy. The role of neurotransmitters in this association is discussed. No decrease in cerebral blood flow was observed in 12 patients with rolandic epilepsy on a Hm-PAO SPECT study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Incidence and survival rates during a two-year period of intracerebral and subarachnoid haemorrhages, cortical infarcts, lacunes and transient ischaemic attacks. The Stroke Registry of Dijon: 1985-1989.

The age- and sex-specific incidence and survival rates over two years of intracerebral and subarachnoid haemorrhages, cortical infarcts, lacunes and transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) in a town of 140,000 inhabitants, are reported. During the five years, (1985 to 1989), 984 patients suffering from first stroke were registered by the Dijon Stroke Registry. The diagnosis was established by a CT-Scan in 88% of cases. Intracerebral haemorrhages (ICH) account for 8.8% of strokes, subarachnoid haemorrhages (SH) for 1.5%, cortical infarcts (CI) for 45.6%, lacunes for 16.7%, TIA for 15.8%, and 11% were undetermined. The annual average incidence rates per 100,000 are 13.4 for ICH, 2.0 for SH, 69.0 for Cl, 30.0 for lacunes and 25.5 for TIA. The survival rates for the acute stage (up to four weeks) differ between ICH and SH (46% and 67%), and the other types of strokes: 77% for Cl, 90% for lacunes and 98% for TIA. The survival rates of unclassified stroke are similar to ICH rates. At two years, survival rates of lacune and TIA are the highest. The divergences between public hospital based data and population-registry data are discussed. A population registry is necessary for studying the natural history of stroke.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cerebral haemorrhage in a French prospective population study.

The incidence of cerebral haemorrhage was studied from a population-based stroke registry. The incidence was 12.3 per 100,000 per year in women and 13.9 per 100,000 per year in men, with a peak in the eighth decade and a male preponderance. Haemorrhages were deep seated and mostly due to hypertension. Recognised clinical characteristics of haemorrhage are acute onset, convulsion, vomiting, and disturbed consciousness. This study showed that cerebral haemorrhage may present with pure motor deficit or transient deficit preceding the stroke. The mortality was 51% in the first month, and 61% by two years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Identification of temporal epilepsy in children: contribution of sphenoidal electrodes].

The authors have evaluated the indications, method and results of utilising sphenoidal electrodes in epilepsy. This method makes it possible to study the hippocampal area which cannot be studied by extra-cranial electrodes. It also localizes in the temporal lobe complex seizures without investigation by an electroencephalogram, or with a non-specific electroencephalographic picture. Thus, sphenoidal electrodes enable temporal seizures to be identified and localized, leading to more specific neuroradiological exploration, and therefore to the selection of patients for specific surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages in young patients. Study of 33 cases].

We report 33 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients aged from to 9/44 years (male: 20, female: 13, mean age: 32.5 years). ICH was due to vascular malformations in 39 p. 100 of cases, to arterial hypertension in 30% and to various causes in 18% no cause could be found in 13% of the cases. ICH was lobar in 64%, deep in 33% and infratentorial in 3% of the cases. The diagnosis was assessed by arteriography in 9 patients. The vascular malformations were arterial angiomas, saccular aneurysms and cavernous angiomas. Death rate was 24%. There was a fast ICH handicap in 40% of cases. Only 36% of the patients were not disabled.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1991

[Vertex spikes in newborn infants in acute cerebral anoxia. Prognostic value].

The authors report 10 cases of newborns with neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy and presence of spikes in the vertex area on EEG. Evolution was characterized by the onset of a spastic paraparesy with frontal atrophy on CT scan examination and disappearance of the spikes after 2 months of age. This graphic pattern is usually absent in neonatal anoxic encephalopathy. Vertex spikes thus appear to have a prognostic value in neonates with brain anoxia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Transitory acute kidney insufficiency and insulin-dependent after treatment of kala-azar with pentamidine and N-methylglucamine antimony].

Azotemia and diabetes mellitus are now well-known adverse reactions associated with Pentamidine treatment, especially since its prescription in case of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. We report the case of a 2 year-old boy, treated for kala-azar with pentamidine and N-methyl glucamine antimoniate who developed adverse effects, characterized by a nephrotic syndrome associated with the classic acute tubular necrosis, and transient diabetes mellitus.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1991

[Prognostic factors in hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents in a population register].

Since 1985, cases of acute vascular cerebral diseases observed among the inhabitants of the city of Dijon have been systematically recorded: 88 cerebral haemorrhages were reported from 1985 to 1988. Twenty-five variables have been defined from antecedents, clinical and para-clinical data. Seven variables, were statistically associated with death at the end of the first month: age, severity of neurological palsy, meningeal syndrome, coma or comatose state, hyperglycemia and mass effect on CAT-scan. Using a step-down variable selection procedure, two prognostic factors were found: loss of consciousness and advanced age.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Natural history of lacunar syndromes. Contribution of the Dijon registry of cerebrovascular complications].

In a consecutive series of 984 first-ever strokes (from 1985 to 1989) in a population based study, 165 (16.7%) had lacunar infarction confirmed by CT-scan or M.R.I. The annual incidence was 35.6/100,000 in women, and 47.8/100,000 in men. Survival rates were 90% at 1 month, and 78% at 2 years. The rate of recurrent strokes was 11% at 2 years. The natural history of lacunar infarction could be drawn in this study which was population-based; 29% of lacunar infarctions are indeed not managed in hospitals. Lacunar infarctions should be identified as such in therapeutic trials since their course is clearly different from other types of strokes.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Multiple sclerosis in children. Impact of memory disorders].

Three cases of multiple sclerosis, characterized by disorders of superior functions such as memory loss, either isolated (1 case) or as part of a frontal syndrome (2 cases) are reported. The importance of these disorders, often presenting as the main symptoms, their good prognosis and their rarity in adulthood are underlined. From a pathophysiologic point of view, the authors discuss the role of the frontal, near the limbic area, localization of the plaques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Identification of temporal epileptic seizures using percutaneous sphenoidal electrodes].

The authors have evaluated the indications, methods and results of sphenoidal electrodes in epilepsy. This method makes it possible to study the hippocampal area which cannot be studied by extracranial electrodes. It also localizes in a temporal lobe complex seizures without electrical events, or complex seizures giving bilateral temporal spikes or a fronto-temporal focus of spikes. It may even show evidence of temporal focus in cases with bilateral and synchronous spikes. Thus, sphenoidal electrodes enable temporal seizures to be identified and localized, leading to more specific neuroradiological explorations and therefore helping in the selection of patients for specific surgery.

Adolescent↗