Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Dopfer

Publications and source records attributed to R Dopfer.

101 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Results and consequences using Prechtl's concept of optimal conditions. Obstetrical and Postnatal complications (author's transl)].

An extended list of Prechtl's list of optimal obstetric conditions was used to describe the history of 200 newborns, randomly chosen from a defined population born in 1972. Differences between the population from Groningen (Prechtl's) and Tübingen, and different definitions of the items used in the list are discussed. Reduced optimal conditions in the history of the mother effectively reduced the optimal conditions in the newborn aswell. This was particularly so in case of: Preterm deliveries and miscarriages, bleedings in the first trimester, preterm onset of labour, operative deliveries, less than 38 weeks of gestational age, and an Apgar score below 7.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1979

[Distribution of obstetrical and postnatal risk-factors in 400 randomly selected newborns. A study using Prechtl's concept of optimal conditions (author's transl)].

The distribution of obstetrical and postnatal risk-factors in a population of 400 newborns was investigated. For documentation, an extended list of Prechtl's list of optimal obstetric conditions was used. The newborns had been selected randomly from two populations, born 1972 in two different hospitals (County hospital, University hospital). The reduction of optimal conditions was calculated by percentiles. It was found that the number -3 (of 52 items, representing full optimal conditions) defined the 10th percentile of the population; number -5 the median, and number -10 the 90th percentile. In addition, percentiles were calculated regarding the history of the mother and the history of the infant respectively. Using the distribution of reduced obstetrical and postnatal optimal conditions allows to compare the history of a single newborn or the histories of a population of newborns with defined problems. Newborns with rather low negative numbers of reduced optimal conditions are at lower risk regarding their psychomotor development wheras newborns with high negative numbers carry a much higher irsk in this respect.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of interferons in neuroblastoma. 2: Immunomodulatory effects].

The role of Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the immunotherapy of neuroblastoma was investigated. In vitro experiments showed that IFN-gamma augments the cytotoxicity of Natural Killer (NK) cells and of interleukin 2 (IL-2)-activated NK (LAK) cells against neuroblastoma target cells. Incubation of the neuroblastoma cells with IFN-gamma resulted in an increased susceptibility of these target cells to NK and LAK cells. Additionally, the IFN-gamma-treated neuroblastoma cells showed an increased susceptibility to the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In patients who have been treated with continuous infusions of IL-2, IL-2-induced secretion of IFN-gamma was detected by measuring the elevation of the 2-5 A synthetase activity in peripheral mononuclear cells or the 2-5 A oligoadenylates in the serum, although IFN-gamma itself was not detectable. From these results we conclude that IFN-gamma may play an important role in the immunotherapy of neuroblastoma in combination with IL-2 and/or with monoclonal antibodies.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indications for autologous bone marrow transplantation in pediatric oncology. Results of the 5th meeting of experts of the Kind-Philipp Foundation, Riesensburg, November 1988].

In November 1988 experts from Europe and the United States of America have met at the Reisensburg near Ulm. The aim of this meeting was to discuss the value of autologous bone marrow transplantation for children with various malignant diseases. The paper summerizes the results of the different sessions. In this way the value of this therapeutic procedure at present time is defined. This is meant as help for those pediatricians who treat children with malignant diseases.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Corticosteroid-dependent reduction of leukocyte count in blood as a prognostic factor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood (therapy study ALL-BFM 83)].

In therapy study ALL-BFM 83 a total of 630 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have prospectively been evaluated for initial response on therapy with corticosteroids. It was the aim to qualify the in vivo cytoreduction as a new predictor for therapy failure. All patients were exposed for 7 days to prednisone before combination chemotherapy at day 8 has been started. At day 0 one additional dose of Methotrexate was given intrathecally. Therapy for all patients with non-B-ALL has been stratified according to initial tumor burden (risk factor) providing four therapy branches: standard risk low (SR-L), standard risk high (SR-H), medium risk (MR), high risk (HR). After a median duration of study of 21 months, event-free survival (EFS) is for all 630 patients 73%, 81% for SR-L, 76% for SR-H, 69% for MR, and 35% for HR patients (date of evaluation Jan. 1, 1987). In this prospective study, a small subgroup of patients (n = 48; 7.6% of total group) is characterized by greater than 1000 leukemic blasts/mm3 peripheral blood at day 8 after exposure to prednisone. In this subgroup the EFS is only 43% in contrast to 76% in the complementary group of 582 patients with less than 1000 leukemic blasts/mm3 peripheral blood at day 8. Patients of that risk group are derived from therapy branches SR-H, M and HR, the latter contributing relatively most patients. In this negatively selected group all patients with an initial high white blood count, CNS disease at diagnosis, immune subtypes as prae-T-ALL (n = 6), T-ALL (n = 18), null-ALL (n = 5), and males clearly dominate. Of 48 patients with greater than 1000 blasts/mm3 at day 8 4 subsequently failed to enter remission and 8 were qualified as lateresponders. 18 patients relapsed, most of them earlier compared to those of the complementary group. The initial in vivo response on corticosteroid therapy is considered a supplementary prognostic predictor for early failure. It will be utilized in trial ALL/NHL-BFM 86 to qualify patients at the highest risk for relapse. This group of patients is supplemented in addition by non- and lateresponders and children with acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL). The in vivo corticosteroid test is simple, generates early and reliable results and can be obtained almost always. Thus it may be recommended for use in a multicenter trial.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bone marrow transplantation in leukemias in the absence of HLA-identical siblings--results of the 4th meeting of experts of the Kind-Philipp Foundation at Reisenburg 11/12 November 1985].

During recent years allogeneic bone marrow transplantation has been shown to be of clear value in the therapy of childhood leukemia. Presently the availability of an HLA identical sibling is necessary. Recently there are several attempts to pass this natural barrier. Possible alternatives are autologous transplantation or the use of an nonidentical family member or an identical unrelated person as a donor. Members of 17 bone marrow transplantation teams of the western world discussed during two days the various possibilities and the results obtained up to now. The paper reflects the state of the art as it was represented during the meeting. This is meant to help advice patients with leukemia and their parents on the further therapeutic proceedings.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in infancy: results of 5 multicenter ALL-BFM therapy studies 1970-1986].

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of infancy has in contrast to all other age groups a less favorable prognosis. In order to determine the possible causes and biological principles for impaired outcome of infant patients in five consecutive clinical trials ALL-BFM 1970-1986, both clinical characteristics and biological features for one hundred and ninety-six patients aged two years and less have been evaluated retrospectively (forty-two infants under one year of age). The observations illustrate, that less favorable subtypes of childhood ALL are more frequent in these children, preferably in infants aged six months and less, explaining decisively the impaired prognosis. These subtypes are characterized by large tumor burden (p = less than 0.001), initial central nervous system (CNS) involvement (p = less than 0.001), and a high CNS relapse rate (p = 0.03). Phenotypically the undifferentiated leukemic blast cells show negative reactions for cALLa and often for Tdt (0-ALL and AUL; p = less than 0.001). The switch to prognostically more favorable ALL subtypes occurs about the end of the first year of life. Nevertheless, early failures by non-response or late-response seem not to influence the poorer outcome. However, compared to the preceding trials, results of studies ALL-BFM 81 and ALL-BFM 83 were significantly improved in respect to the probability of continuous complete remission for infant patients (pCCR less than 1 y: 0.44 vs. 0.28), confirming that treatment by itself is one of the major prognostic determinants.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Myeloablative chemo- and radiotherapy with autologous and allogenic bone marrow reconstitution in children with metastatic neuroblastoma].

22 children with metastatic neuroblastoma received myeloablative chemoradiotherapy followed by bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The duration of preceding chemotherapy was 4-30 months and included treatment of recurrences in 10 children. At BMT 12 patients were in CR, 9 in PR and one had tumor progression. 10/15 of autologous bone marrows were purged using immunomagnetic bead method of Kemshead and 2/15 using 4 hydroperoxycyclophosphamide. Myeloablative therapy consisted of melphalan and total body irradiation (TBI) in 13 patients (three each supplemented by vincristine or adriamycin/etoposide), in one child of melphalan and mIBG and in 3 children of melphalan alone. 3 children received double autograft and 2 cyclophosphamide (and TBI). 10 patients survived 0-32 months from BMT and 5-48 months from diagnosis, respectively. 12 patients died including 7/12 of tumor progression and 5/12 of toxicity (venoocclusive disease, gut toxicity, septicemia, pneumonia). We conclude that at this point BMT after conventional high dose chemotherapy may provide the only real chance of survival for a significant number of children with metastatic neuroblastoma.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Concept and interim result of the ALL-BFM 90 therapy study in treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and adolescents: the significance of initial therapy response in blood and bone marrow].

In the ongoing trial ALL-BFM 90 for the treatment of childhood non-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 1468 unselected patients (pts) were enrolled from 84 centers in Germany and Switzerland from 4/90 to 12/93. Based on the results of the previous trial ALL/NHL-BFM 86 this treatment program focused especially on therapy modifications for average (MRG) and high risk (HRG) pts, on the evaluation of therapy response for prognosis, and on the identification of high risk pts by molecular genetics. For average risk pts consolidation therapy was intensified by the addition of L-asparaginase (L-ASP) on a randomized basis. In HRG induction and consolidation therapy was modified by introduction of early intensification elements that had proved to be effective in relapsed pts. This patient group was randomized for the evaluation of the effects of G-CSF administered in the intervals between the intensification elements. Distribution of the 1376 eligible pts into the three treatment arms SRG (standard risk), MRG, and HRG was as expected (17 pts not yet assigned): 385 pts (28.0%), 834 pts (60.6%), and 140 pts (10.2%), respectively. Treatment consisted of the 8-drug induction (Protocol I), consolidation (Protocol M), reinduction (Protocol II), and maintenance therapy (total therapy duration 24 months). The drug doses and combinations were only slightly modified compared to the previous study ALL-BFM 86 with the exception of the randomized L-ASP containing arm MRG-2 (Protocol M-A) and group HRG. Preventive cranial irradiation was reduced to 12 Gy and applied to MRG and HRG pts only. As in study ALL-BFM 86, the initial response to a 7-day exposure to prednisone and to the first intrathecal injection of MTX at diagnosis was evaluated at day 8 of treatment with regard to blast count in peripheral blood (PB). In addition, pts were now investigated for the presence of blasts in the bone marrow (BM) at day 15 of treatment to compare the prognostic power of both response parameters. Identification of translocation t(9; 22) and/or BCR-ABL rearrangement characterized a small subgroup of pts that were not detected by poor initial therapy response. These pts were enrolled in HRG for more intensive treatment including allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). After a median observation time of 22 months, the overall probability for event-free survival (p-EFS) is 82 +/- 2%. 11 pts (0.8%) died before complete remission (CR) was achieved, 15 pts (1.1%) died while in CR for reasons other than relapse.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Report on the international workshop of the Kind Philipp Foundation on late effects after bone marrow transplantation in childhood malignancies.

This report is a short summary of an international workshop on late effects after bone marrow transplantation in pediatric patients. Main topics of the report are chronic GVHD and immune reconstitution and the late effects of this kind of treatment on growth, respiratory function, the endocrinological system, teeth, and eyes. The development of secondary tumors is discussed as well as the influences on the central nervous system and behavior of children.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗