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Biomedical subjects

R Di Rosa

Publications and source records attributed to R Di Rosa.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Isolation of Clostridium difficile from human jejunum: identification of a reservoir for disease?

The possibility that the small intestine may represent a reservoir for Clostridium difficile was studied, using segments of human jejunum collected at necropsy. Our results (three of 100 specimens positive for C difficile culture) support the hypothesis that C difficile can be found in human jejunum and that it adheres to the normal mucosa as a resident bacterium. These findings suggest that gastrointestinal disease caused by C difficile has an endogenous origin.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anaerobic bacteria and bacterial infections: perspectives on treatment and resistance in Italy.

Results of laboratory tests of 2,000 samples obtained from 1984 to 1987 from patients with suspected anaerobic infections and the clinical experience of these patients are reported. Of these samples, 395 were positive for anaerobes; 36.5% of these 395 samples contained single organisms, and 63.5% contained a mixture of anaerobes and aerobes. Abdominal infections were the infections most frequently caused by anaerobes. The Bacteroides fragilis group and strains of Peptostreptococcus were the microorganisms most frequently isolated. In addition, 300 anaerobes isolated from clinical samples at three Italian hospitals were tested for susceptibility to 10 antibiotics (aztreonam, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, clindamycin, imipenem, metronidazole, penicillin, and piperacillin). Imipenem and metronidazole proved to be the most active agents, with low and similar values for the 50% and 90% minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). No microorganism showed resistance to these agents. After imipenem and metronidazole, clindamycin was the most effective agent tested. All other antibiotics tested showed elevated MICs against Bacteroides species and Clostridium difficile. In Italy, cefoxitin still maintains satisfactory activity against the majority of anaerobes tested.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in various immunological parameters in patients with recurrent vaginal candidiasis].

An immunological study has been performed in a group of 14 patients suffering from recurring vaginal candidiasis. Cellular immunity has been evaluated by skin test. Mononuclear cells of peripheral blood have been studied by a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Moreover granulocytes phagocytosis and NK activity have been determined. We observed a significant reduction of cellular immunity and phagocytosis comparing to the control group. This association may represent the basis of a compromised immunological response in patients with recurring vaginal candidiasis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Recurrent vaginitis].

Vaginitis is one of the most frequent infections of the female genital system and, in the United States, represents the main reason for gynecological consultation. Candida albicans, Trichomonas vaginalis and Gardnerella vaginalis are responsible for 90% of cases of vaginal phlogosis. It has been calculated that a percentage varying between 5% and 40% of the female population will suffer, at least once in their lifetime, from an episode of vaginal candidosis. The re-appearance of symptoms after suspension of the antimycotic therapy still represents an unsolved and obscure problem from the etiopathogenetic point of view. The incidence of recurrences in women suffering from various forms of vaginal candidosis, according to the Authors, is between 5% and 25%. Considering the uncertainties existing regarding the clinical and etiopathogenetic definition of recurrent vaginitis we carried out a perspective study, at the General Out-patient Department of the II Obstetrical and Gynecological Clinic of "La Sapienza" Rome University in collaboration with the Bacteriological Laboratory of the III Medical Clinic of "La Sapienza" Rome University, on a group of 60 women suffering from recurrent vaginitis. We included in the study in the period 1 October 1987 - 30 September 1988 60 women reporting to the General Out-Patient Department of the II Obstetrical and Gynecological Clinic of the "La Sapienza" Rome University. These patients complained about the appearance of a leukorrhea or a leukoxanthorrhea in combination with at least one of the following symptoms: burning sensation; itch; dyspareunia; dysuria; recurring cystitis. All the women reported in their case histories having suffered from at least three episodes of recurrent vaginal candidosis in the previous twelve months. Diagnosis had been established on the basis of fresh microscopic examination with determination of the vaginal pH on the occasion of the first episode only; whereas clinical examination only was undertaken on the occasion of the subsequent ones. In 30% of patients (or 18 cases) the diagnosis of the subsequent episodes was "telephonic". In all cases, at each episode, a local therapy with antimycotic drugs had been prescribed. Following the introduction of a sterile speculum sterile swabs were used to remove 2 samples of the fluid present at the level of the posterior vaginal fornix. The first swab was placed in a test-tube containing 2 ml of prereduced transport broth (brain-heart infusion broth oxoid) for the successive aerobe and anaerobe cultures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Amyloidosis: state of the art].

Amyloidosis is characterized by a heterogeneous group of diseases due to deposition of a fibrillar, proteinaceous material, in different tissues. In this review pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical and therapeutic findings of the most important aspects of the disease, are described.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Teichoplanin: a clinical study of treatment of serious infections in hospitalized patients].

The study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of teicoplanin in the treatment of serious Gram positive bacteria infections in hospitalized patients at high risk of complications. In a twelve month period, 13 patients were treated. Six of whom presented generalized infections with bacteremia and seven severe localized infections. Safety evaluation included pre, during and post treatment measurements of haematological and serum chemistry parameters. Clinical successes with microbiological eradication of pathogens were obtained in 11 out of 13 cases (84.6%). One persistence of infection (7.7%) and one Gram negative superinfection (7.7%) presented. Only in one patient we noted a transitory increase of creatinine level. Teicoplanin showed to be useful in the treatment of serious Gram positive infections in hospitalized patients.

Adult↗