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Biomedical subjects

R Dgani

Publications and source records attributed to R Dgani.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and human chorionic gonadotropin in a pure ovarian dysgerminoma.

Pure dysgerminoma is considered to be a nonsecretary ovarian tumor. In this study serum lactic dehydrogenase, human chorionic gonadotropin, and alkaline phosphatase levels were highly elevated in a 21-year-old woman with unilateral ovarian pure dysgerminoma and fell sharply to normal levels after removal of the tumor. In order to establish the source of these elevated serum enzymes and hormone, the tumor was homogenized and the level of these substances was found to be several times higher than that of normal homogenized ovarian tissue. In addition, the presence of lactic dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase in the dysgerminoma cells was shown by histochemical methods. This is the first report providing evidence that pure dysgerminoma contains and secretes enzymes and hormones which may constitute tumor markers useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with this type of neoplasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Selective expression of cytokeratin polypeptides in various epithelia of human Brenner tumor.

A human ovarian Brenner tumor presenting a wide spectrum of benign and malignant histologic features was studied for its patterns of intermediate filament expression. All epithelial elements of the tumor, regardless of their morphologic type, contained cytokeratins as their only intermediate filament component. Differences were detected, however, between tumor nests that displayed transitional epithelium and those with squamoid features. These differences were manifested by the presence of cytokeratin 18, in the former type only, and by the abundance of cytokeratins 10/11 in the latter. We also detected mixed epithelial nests in which both features were present, suggesting that the transitional epithelium transforms in polar fashion into squamous epithelium. Examination of cytokeratin patterns found in urothelium and in the surface epithelium of the ovary pointed to certain differences from the Brenner tumor epithelia. The significance of these latter findings with regard to cellular transformation and histogenesis of the Brenner tumor are discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Iniencephaly: prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis--a case report.

A case of iniencephaly, diagnosed prenatally at 19 weeks of gestation, is presented. The main findings of the ultrasound examination were anencephaly, almost complete absence of cervical structures and cervical and thoracic rachischisis. Amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein was markedly elevated. The diagnosis of iniencephaly was confirmed after termination of pregnancy. This case demonstrate the feasibility of the prenatal diagnosis of this rare neural tube defect.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

Immunocytochemical study of an endometrial diffuse clear cell stromal sarcoma and other endometrial stromal sarcomas.

Intermediate filament composition was studied in the following endometrial stromal tumors: low-grade stromal sarcoma (endolymphatic stromal myosis), high-grade stromal sarcoma with an associated adenocarcinoma (collision tumor), diffuse clear cell stromal sarcoma and a mesodermal mixed tumor (carcinosarcoma). The tumor cells of the stromal tumors as well as the mesenchymal elements of the mixed mesodermal tumor were decorated exclusively with antibodies to vimentin. Desmin was not demonstrated in these tumor cells. A biochemical study of the cytoskeletal filaments present in the low-grade stromal sarcoma revealed, in addition to vimentin, beta and gamma actin as seen in normal endometrial stroma. Cytokeratins were only identified in epithelial components which were present in some of these tumors. Intermediate filament typing in these endometrial neoplasms contributes to the elucidation of histogenetic problems, may delineate mesenchymal from epithelial elements, may separate muscle from stromal lesions and in one instance helped to define a hitherto unreported diffuse clear cell stromal sarcoma.

Actins↗
PubMed1987

New immunochemical method for rapid detection of human choriogonadotropin in urine.

We describe a visual assay for rapid detection of choriogonadotropin (hGC) in human urine, and evaluate a pregnancy test kit that is based on this assay and designed for use by the general public. The assay involves the formation of an antibody-antigen complex between the anti-hGC antibodies coated on the membrane protein of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, prestained with hematoxylin, and the hGC concentrated on a column of Sepharose-concanavalin A. The test was calibrated to detect as little hGC as 0.9 (SD 0.15) int. unit/mL. The kit, clinically tested with 448 urine samples, was 99.6% accurate. Simple to perform, the test gives highly reliable results as early as five days after the missed menstrual period.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1986

Face presentation.

The diagnosis, aetiology, management and outcome of face presentation were analyzed in 51 cases. Primigravidas accounted for 17.6%, multiparas for 54.9% and grand multiparas (5 deliveries or more) for 27.5%. Prematurity did not appear to be an important aetiologic factor. The position was mentum anterior in 26 patients (51%), all but one of whom were delivered vaginally. Of 12 fetuses in the mentum transverse position, 11 were delivered vaginally after spontaneous rotation to mentum anterior. Ten patients presented with mentum posterior; only 2 were delivered vaginally after spontaneous rotation. Three fetuses were diagnosed as face presentation during Caesarean section. The mean birth-weight of the infants who rotated from mentum posterior to mentum anterior was 3,425 +/- 35g, while that of those with persistent mentum posterior was 3,792 +/- 347 (p less than 0.01). Records of monitored fetal heart rate were available in 21 cases. Late decelerations and variable decelerations were recorded in 6 (28.5%). The incidence of Caesarean section was 25.5% compared to an overall incidence of 4.4% during the period of the study. Oxytocin was administered to 10 patients, and 7 of them were delivered vaginally. Early diagnosis of presentation and position, with close fetal surveillance may improve fetal outcome. In case of mento-posterior position, primary Caesarean section at term should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Urinary retention caused by impaction of leiomyoma in pregnancy.

Complete urinary retention caused by incarceration of a retroverted gravid uterus or large fibroid uterus is a rare condition. The following case report illustrates the acute onset of urinary retention caused by the combination of a large leiomyoma and pregnancy. Total hysterectomy was performed. To the best of our knowledge, such a combination has not been reported previously.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ovarian carcinoma masquerading as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Two patients receiving ovulation-inducing drugs were found to have ovarian carcinoma. Since patients receiving such medication are prone to develop enlarged ovaries with or without the fully developed hyperstimulation syndrome, the diagnosis of ovarian tumors in such patients may be delayed or missed. It is therefore being suggested that an ovarian enlargement persisting for more than 4 weeks, or the finding of ovarian solid masses by sonography in patients receiving ovulation-inducing drugs, should lead to a thorough work-up for neoplasia, sometimes including even laparotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Uterine sarcoma in Israel: a study of 104 cases.

Data gathered during the first epidemiologic study of sarcoma of the uterus in Israel are presented. In the 7-year period of this survey, 104 new cases of sarcoma of the uterus were diagnosed, representing an incidence of 1.55/100,000 females over the age of 20. Half of the patients were in their fifth and sixth decades of life at the diagnosis of the tumor. Uterine sarcomas were more prevalent in women of European-American origin than in those of Asian-African descent. In 54.9% of the patients the diagnosis was made while the disease was in stage I. A definite correlation between sarcoma of the uterus, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity was not found. The 5-year survival rate in the present survey was 38%. Factors affecting prognosis were the clinical stage of the disease at diagnosis, histologic type, and the method of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A novel approach to the analysis of risk factors in endometrial carcinoma.

Early diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma enables one to achieve a cure rate of 80%. The purpose of this study is to characterize the patients who are prone to develop adenocarcinoma by simple epidemiologic and clinical data. The data of 109 consecutive patients who developed adenocarcinoma were compared with those of 146 control hysterectomy patients using logistic regression analysis. The following characteristics of patients who developed adenocarcinoma were identified: parity (P less than 0.0001), diabetes mellitus (P less than 0.003), hypertension (P less than 0.0001), obesity (P less than 0.0006), treatment with exogenous estrogen (P less than 0.001), and second primary tumor. The logistic regression formula classified correctly 77% of all patients to their actual group. The study showed that the relative risk of a patient to develop adenocarcinoma can be estimated from simple and readily available epidemiologic and clinical data.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Primary ovarian carcinoid with marked heterogeneity of microscopic features.

A primary ovarian carcinoid tumor in a 54-year-old patient with the carcinoid syndrome is reported. On histologic examination there were, in addition to typical insular and atypical ribbon-like areas, solid and papillary growth patterns with pleomorphic and clear cells, some with anaplastic features. The heterogeneity seen in this case has not been reported in an ovarian carcinoid. However, since argentaffine and some argyrophil granules were demonstrated by special stains and ultrastructural studies in all of the various cellular elements, it was concluded that the entire tumor represented a carcinoid. This case demonstrates that ovarian carcinoids are not necessarily insular, trabecular, or mixtures thereof, but can also be extremely heterogeneous. In order to identify more tumors of this kind and also to avoid a diagnosis of an anaplastic or unclassifiable carcinoma in such cases, it is recommended that special stains for neurosecretory granules and electron microscopic examination be carried out in a larger number of poorly differentiated ovarian neoplasms, especially in those in which some of the microscopic features are suggestive of a carcinoid.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1983

Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with mural nodule of carcinomatous derivation. A light and electron microscopic study.

A case of an ovarian mucinous tumor with a mural nodule is reported. The epithelial elements consisted of benign, low malignant potential, and invasive mucinous carcinoma. The latter was present in one focus near the surface of the mural nodule as well as in some shallow depressed areas in the cyst wall. The nodule itself was made up of highly malignant, anaplastic cells which on light microscopic examination showed some similarities to the cells previously described in the sarcomatous and in some of the sarcoma-like mural nodules. However, analysis of light microscopic features in our case showed continuity and histologic similarities between the malignant mucinous cells and the sarcoma-appearing elements in the mural nodule. Ultrastructural features also supported an epithelial origin of the cells within the mural nodule. This case is the first of its kind with light and electronmicroscopic documentation and supports an epithelial origin for some of the mural nodules in ovarian mucinous tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

The beneficial effect of vacuum extraction of the fetus.

The vacuum extractor (VE) was applied electively after approximately 25 min of expulsion in 25 normal primiparae. Twenty-five identical parturients with spontaneous deliveries served as controls. The fetal scalp pH was measured at the beginning of the 2nd stage, and again in the cord blood of all newborns. Cardiac monitoring by scalp electrode was done for all fetuses throughout labor. The mean pH of the first blood sample was almost identical in the two groups, while the mean decrease in pH in the VE group was 0.077, against a mean change of 0.106 in the controls (p less than 0.05). In the FHR graph the total area of deceleration, and separately in the controls (p less than 0.05). In the FHR graph the total area of deceleration, and separately the up to 30 beats/min (area A) and of more than 30 beats/min (area B) were calculated. The mean total area of deceleration in the VE group was 14.76 cm2vis-à-vis 17.56 cm2 in the controls. Areas A and B were also smaller in the study group, but these differences were not statistically significant. The mean total deceleration time in the VE fetuses was 22.8 min, and 37.75 min in the controls (p less than 0.001). It is concluded that the application of the VE during the second stage lessens fetal depression, when compared with spontaneous delivery.

Extraction, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1978

Prenatally diagnosed blocked atrial premature beats.

A case of persistent severe bradycardia in labor, diagnosed as blocked atrial premature beats, is presented. Simultaneous recording of fetal heart rate (FHR) and fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) during labor established an accurate diagnosis of an innocent fetal sinus bradycardia and differentiated it from fetal distress. This method should be applied in all cases of persistent fetal dysrhythmia, in order to differentiate it from hypoxic distress, and thus enable the obstetrician to avoid unnecessary cesarean sections.

Adult↗