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Biomedical subjects

R Delsignore

Publications and source records attributed to R Delsignore.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Muscarinic cholinergic and histaminergic H1 and H2 receptors are not involved in the LH response to naloxone in man.

The role of muscarinic-cholinergic and H1-, H2-histaminergic receptors as possible mediators of the LH response to the opioid antagonist naloxone was evaluated in 18 normal men. Subjects were divided in 3 groups of 6 men; the increment of LH in the plasma elicited by naloxone was evaluated after giving naloxone alone or together with dexchlorpheniramine, cimetidine or pirenzepine (respectively H1-, H2-histaminergic and muscarinic-cholinergic receptor antagonists). LH release was significantly stimulated by naloxone in all subjects; this response was not altered by histaminergic or cholinergic blockade. These results confirm the stimulatory effect of naloxone on LH release in man, without evidence of the involvement of H1-, H2-histaminergic or muscarinic-cholinergic pathways.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cholinergic mediation of growth hormone secretion induced by thyrotropin-releasing hormone in cirrhotic patients.

In order to evaluate the possible involvement of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the GH response to TRH in patients with liver cirrhosis, 8 males with post-hepatitic cirrhosis and 11 males with post-alcoholic cirrhosis were primed with the anticholinergic agent pirenzepine and tested with TRH. In addition, 10 male patients affected by piecemeal necrosis were tested in a similar manner. High basal concentrations of GH were found in all groups. None of the patients with piecemeal necrosis responded to TRH, whereas in patients with post-hepatitic and in post-alcoholic cirrhosis, TRH induced a significant rise in GH levels. The priming with pirenzepine (40 mg given iv 10 min before TRH) completely blocked the TRH-induced GH increase, but did not affect the TRH-induced TSH release. These data suggest that a muscarinic cholinergic pathway is involved in the anomalous response of GH to TRH in patients with liver cirrhosis. The lack of effect of pirenzepine on the TRH-stimulated TSH release suggests that the muscarinic cholinergic mediation is peculiar for the effect of TRH on GH secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Nicotinic-cholinergic involvement in arginine-vasopressin response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in normal men.

In order to establish whether arginine-vasopressin (AVP) release in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia is mediated by a muscarinic and/or nicotinic cholinergic pathway, 12 normal men had an insulin tolerance test (ITT) in basal conditions and after treatment with the muscarinic receptor blocker pirenzepine (40 mg IV (intravenously) ten minutes before ITT in six subjects) or the nicotinic receptor antagonist trimethaphan (0.3 mg/min X 30 min IV before ITT in six subjects). The drugs did not modify arterial blood pressure nor produce side effects capable of altering AVP secretion. Pirenzepine administration did not change AVP response to hypoglycemia, whereas trimethaphan significantly reduced AVP increase by about 50% during the ITT. These data suggest the involvement of a cholinergic-nicotinic mechanism in regulation of AVP response to hypoglycemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Different effects of metoclopramide and domperidone on arginine-vasopressin secretion in man.

This study was performed in order to investigate the dopaminergic mechanism involved in the control of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) secretion in normal men. Plasma AVP concentrations were measured before and after the administration of an i.v. bolus of 10 mg metoclopramide or domperidone to twelve healthy males. Metoclopramide, a cerebral and peripheral antagonist of dopaminergic receptors, significantly stimulated AVP secretion, whereas domperidone, a dopamine antagonist which does not cross the blood-brain barrier, was without effect. These data suggest that metoclopramide stimulates the release of AVP by blocking dopaminergic receptors in structures located inside the blood-brain barrier. Alternatively, it is possible that the stimulation of AVP release induced by metoclopramide does not occur through inhibition of dopamine receptors but rather through interaction with other neuroendocrine pathways.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Hemorheological changes induced by uremia. Effects of hemodialysis].

Fifteen patients affected by chronic uremia and treated with hemodialysis were studied. The main hemorheological parameters were evaluated in basal conditions and after hemodialytic therapy and were correlated with some hematochemical indices. Although some limitations to the purpose of this study derive from the heparinization of the blood during hemodialysis, the results of this study demonstrate that erythrocyte filtration does not significantly change during the hemodialytic therapy. The only hemorheological parameter altered in the uremic patient is represented by plasma viscosity; this is probably due to the increase of fibrinogenemia in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Lung survival or healing? Description of a case of acute non-lymphoblastic leukosis].

Only few patients (3,8%) affected by ANLL survive for more than 3 years from the time of diagnosis. In the present study the Authors try to determine which clinical and haematological factors can determine long-terme survival. The Authors describe the case of a male patient (25 years old) affected by ANLL (M2), who became and is still now a long-survivor (80 months from 1th complete remission). He has been treated with DNB, ARA-C and TG (TRA schedule) for two cycles. After CR he refused consolidation and reinduction therapy and was treated only with 6-MP and MTX for 3 years, as maintenance chemotherapy. The Authors suggest that important factors for a favourable prognosis are early diagnosis and young age. A relatively high number of platelets can be correlated with a good prognosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Sweet's syndrome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

We describe the case of a man, previously affected by B-CLL, who developed Sweet's syndrome four months later the previous diagnosis. Sweet's syndrome was diagnosed by cutaneous biopsy. Neither infections nor drugs administration were demonstrated, in order to explain beginning of Sweet's syndrome. Altered immune responsiveness, as seen in B-CLL, could cause Sweet's syndrome.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1983

Absolute bioavailability of ceftriaxone after intramuscular administration to healthy volunteers.

The disposition and bioavailability of ceftriaxone, a novel cephalosporin, was studied in 7 healthy volunteers after a single 1.5-gram intramuscular administration in comparison with the same dose given by the intravenous route. The plasma levels were measured by means of a high-performance liquid chromatography method up to 48 h after administration. Comparable areas under plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and biological half-life were obtained proving that ceftriaxone, if assessed by conventional methods, is completely bioavailable when given by the intramuscular route. However, taking into account its nonlinear pharmacokinetics it becomes obvious that direct comparison of AUC values generally leads to a certain overestimation of bioavailability after extravascular administration. This aspect is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Evaluation of the redox status of neoplastic patients].

Free radicals and peroxides of our organism, that are very unstable, are now recognized as a product of biological oxido-reductive processes. The evaluation of free radicals and peroxides in blood was done by counting Heinz-bodies (H.B.) (Beutler method). The Authors examined 40 healthy subjects, at rest, and 37 neoplastic patients (19 carcinomas, 10 leukemias, 8 lymphomas) at the admission to hospital. The results show that the rate per cent of H.B. in neoplastic patients is significantly higher than in healthy subjects. According to us, neoplastic patients have free radicals hematic levels higher than healthy volunteers.

Adult↗