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Biomedical subjects

R Daniel

Publications and source records attributed to R Daniel.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Secondary thigh-buttock deformities after classical techniques. Prevention and treatment.

Secondary high-buttock corrections pose difficult problems because of the poor vascularization of certain areas, the limited mobilization of the soft tissue, and the tendency toward poor scar formation. These factors limit the surgical techniques available. The tendency for the deformity to recur may necessitate several corrective procedures. The authors discuss correction of supratrochanteric depressions, trochanteric bulges, scars, contour irregularities, perineal bands, and flat buttocks.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1983

Epiphysial growth after free fibular transfer with and without microvascular anastomosis. Experimental study in the dog.

The proximal fibular epiphysis was transferred in young puppies using microvascular techniques. The study demonstrated, as have previous investigators, that free epiphysial transfer without vascular anastomosis results in death of the chondrocytes of the growth plate. Histologically, the chondrocytes do not take up labelled proline, indicating diminished metabolic activity; do not take up radioactive thymidine, indicating that they are not dividing; and there is eventual disruption of the normal histological picture. In contrast, where the microvascular anastomoses re-established the blood supply to the growth plate, the epiphyses demonstrated normal histological appearance, uptake of radioactive proline and thymidine and continued to grow but at a slightly diminished rate. It is concluded that continued growth can occur after free vascularised epiphysial transfer in the dog.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Serological Investigation of the possibility of congenital transmission of papovavirus JC.

In an examination of paired sera from pregnant women, 9 of 57 women who had JC virus antibodies in their first specimens exhibited virus reactivation, as judged by a fourfold or greater rise in JC virus hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies; 43 women remained seronegative through pregnancy. JC virus-specific immunoglobulin M was not demonstrated in umbilical cord sera of six infants born to mothers showing reactivation or in 300 additional umbilical cord sera from normal pregnancies.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

An investigation of the destruction of the beta-lactam ring of penems by the albumin drug-binding site.

The plasma proteins have been reported to exert irreversible effects on some beta-lactams. The penems represent a class of antibiotics of great interest due to their wide spectrum of activity. However, many compounds of this class were found to be unstable in rat serum. A prototype compound, (+/-)-2-methylpenem-3-carboxylic acid (BCL-98), was selected for detailed investigations. The capacity of penems to inhibit the destruction of a chromogenic beta-lactam (BCL-604) by serum was the technique selected to study the interaction of BCL-98 with serum proteins at the specific destructive site. The serum of various species was investigated and the magnitude of BCL-604 destruction was in the following order: rat = human greater than dog greater than mice. The human plasma proteins were fractionated on a Sephadex column and the fractions tested individually. The albumin fraction was found to be entirely responsible for the destruction, the globulin fractions being completely inactive. The reaction of Ellman's reagent with serum as not diminished in the presence of the BCL-98, thus demonstrating that the sulfhydryl group of albumin is not involved in this binding. Displacement of a fluorescent probe (5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonamide) by BCL-98 showed that the binding site for the latter is the same as the one occupied by L-tryptophan and thus involves the epsilon-lysine amino group of the albumin binding site. The exact nature of this binding is not yet established, but it can be inferred that it may involve acylation of the epsilon-lysine group at the binding site. Some analogs of BCL-98 were also investigated. The basic functionality seems to protect the molecule from the destructive site of the albumin, probably because this substituent induces binding at another nondestructive site resulting in a prolonged half-life in the blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Serological investigation of BK papovavirus infection in pregnant women and their offspring.

Paired sera from 150 pregnant women and 387 umbilical cord sera were tested for BK virus (BKV) antibodies. The hemagglutination inhibition, neutralization, and indirect immunofluorescence tests were employed for the detection of antibodies. Treatment of serum with anti-gamma Fc and tests of immunoglobulin M (IgM) fractions for antibodies were utilized as required to detect and validate the presence of virus-specific IgM. The BKV antibody prevalence in the sera collected at the time of the first prenatal visit was 75% by hemagglutination inhibition and 91% by neutralization tests. A total of 95% of the women had antibodies by at least one of the three serological tests. Five of 100 women with normal pregnancies exhibited BKV activity during pregnancy as evidenced by a greater than fourfold rise in BKV hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers and acquisition of BKV-specific IgM. The antibody rise occurred in the younger women and appeared to be a result of reactivation of the virus rather than of primary infection. Two instances of possible recent BKV infections were identified. BKV-specific IgM was not detected in any of the 387 umbilical cord sera which included three specimens from infants born to mothers with definite or probable BKV activity during pregnancy and 50 specimens with IgM levels of > 20 mg/100 ml. The results indicate that few women in the child-bearing age are nonimmune to BKV and that, although reactivation of infection occurs in pregnancy, congenital transmission of the virus either does not occur or is rare.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of intra-articular methotrexate with intra-articular triamcinolone hexacetonide by thermography.

A comparison of intra-articular methotrexate and intra-articular triamcinolone hexacetonide was made in 42 arthritic patients with persistent bilateral knee effusions. One knee was injected with either 5 mg methotrexate (two injections of 2.5 mg a week apart) or a single injection of 20 mg triamcinolone. An objective assessment of both knees was made by quantitative thermography at 0,3,7,14 and 21 days. Joints injected with triamcinolone showed a greater fall in thermographic index (T.I) than the joints injected with methotrexate, which showed similar change to the non-injected knee joints in both groups. Four patients received larger doses of methotrexate, up to 20 mg, though the fall in T.I. was still less than the mean fall for triamcinolone injected joints. Peak venous blood levels of methotrexate were reached 1 hour after intra-articular injection, and a sphygmomanometer cuff inflated around the leg above the injected knee for periods of up to 1 hour did not appreciably delay this. Methotrexate had no immediate anti-inflammatory effect, even in psoriatic arthropathy, and did not give the relief of intra-articular steroid.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Fitting contact lenses after keratoplasty.

Even when a clear corneal graft results from keratoplasty spectacles or contact lenses may still be needed for reasonable vision. In a series of patients treated at the contact lens department, Moorfields Eye Hospital, a transparent graft and functional improvement resulted in about 90 per cent of cases. One hundred of these successful cases are reviewed and the problems of achieving a reasonable visual acuity for the patients discussed. Of those who are needed a visual aid 41 preferred a corneal contact lens. The particular difficulties of fitting these are reviewed and the need for a flexible procedure to meet the varying circumstances emphasized. The methods adopted in the cases under review are described. In the 100 eyes visual acuities of 6/6 were attained in 29, 6/9 in 36, and 6/12 in 17.

Contact Lenses↗
PubMed1975

Prophylaxis of retinal detachment.

The incidence of retinal detachment after prophylactic treatment is between 1 and 14%. In a series of 701 eyes treated prophylactically with photocoagulation or cryopexy (with and without scleral buckling), incidence of retinal detachment was 4.7%. The incidence of new break formation was 8.0%; in 26 eyes, new breaks were responsible for the subsequent formation of retinal detachment; in seven eyes, retinal detachment resulted from inadequate reaction around the treated retinal break. Twenty eyes suffered a deterioration of visual acuity of two or more lines after treatment. The incidence of complications after photocoagulation was higher than after cryopexy, although there was no significant difference in the efficacy between the two methods.

Cryosurgery↗