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R Dalton

Publications and source records attributed to R Dalton.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Balloon rupture during stent implantation: A novel technique of salvage with a new manual power injector.

Pinhole leak or rupture of a stent delivery balloon is a well-recognized technical problem encountered in vascular interventions. This event leads to inadequate stent expansion. These stents cannot be fully deployed with the same balloon and frequently the balloon cannot be retrieved without dislodging the stent. We describe a technique for successful stent deployment in such situations using the Oz Power Syringe, a new manual power injector. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 48:74-77, 1999.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Viral loads in dual infection with HIV-1 and cytomegalovirus.

OBJECTIVE: A one year study of the relation between cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral loads in a cohort of children with vertically acquired HIV-1 infection. DESIGN: Comparative analysis of viral load measurements for CMV and HIV-1 in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) of individual children in relation to age and clinical staging. METHODS: Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to measure HIV-1 proviral DNA and CMV genomic DNA in PBLs of 56 children. RESULTS: The CMV load was highest in 0-2 year old HIV positive children with stage C disease (range, 1-7143 copies/100 ng DNA; median, 125) and was significantly lower in older children. Although higher in young children, HIV-1 viral load did not show the same marked reduction with age that is seen with CMV. Over a one year period, testing of serial samples for both viruses in a subgroup of children revealed a discordant relation between viral loads for CMV and HIV-1. CONCLUSIONS: CMV viral load falls much faster than HIV viral load in dually infected children. Screening for clinical CMV disease is most likely to be of benefit in children under 2 years of age with stage C disease. In the few children studied, levels of CMV and HIV replication appear to be independent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

The use of a new mechanically advantaged syringe for performing coronary intervention.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the utility of a new mechanically advantaged syringe in the performance of percutaneous coronary intervention. BACKGROUND: A new mechanically advantaged syringe has been developed to perform cardiovascular imaging. We wanted to assess the utility of this device in the performance of small catheter percutaneous coronary intervention. Data from coronary interventions performed with the standard technique at our institution, using a 10 ml manual syringe, were compared to the use of a new mechanically advantaged syringe. Contrast utilization during the standard technique was assessed by obtaining data from fifty consecutive successful single-vessel coronary interventions (angioplasty with or without stenting). After an initial learning experience with the mechanically advantaged syringe, fifty consecutive successful single-vessel coronary interventions were assessed. Most interventions performed using the mechanically advantaged syringe were with 6 French catheters. Detailed contrast utilization information was gathered. RESULTS: During the standard method of performing coronary intervention, 216 +/- 114 ml of contrast were used. Utilizing the mechanically advantaged OZ Power Syringe (Cardiovascular Innovations Inc., Athens, Texas), the contrast use was reduced to 66 +/- 39 ml (p < 0.0001) per case. The syringe also allowed excellent visualization despite using a smaller guide catheter system. CONCLUSION: The OZ Power Syringe can be utilized effectively in percutaneous coronary intervention. Our preliminary data suggest that there may be reduced contrast use without sacrificing image quality.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1998

Sublingual glyceryl trinitrate for uterine relaxation at Caeserean section--a prospective trial.

We report a prospective study on the use of sublingual glyceryl trinitrate at Caesarean section to induce uterine relaxation; 23 women were entered into the study with both emergency and elective cases considered. A metered dose spray was used to deliver a dose of 400 or 800 microgrammes of glyceryl trinitrate to the women. There were no major side-effects of hypotension or postpartum haemorrhage. The mean maximal systolic blood pressure drop in the patients following drug administration was 18% of the systolic pressure prior to drug administration. Subjective assessment of uterine tone showed the uterus to contract well postdelivery in response to standard oxytocic regimens. Minimal maternal side-effects were reported. We conclude that glyceryl trinitrate is a safe form of uterine relaxation at Caesarean section which may be used in emergency situations and may also be given prophylactically in cases such as breech presentation and in delivery of the preterm infant where fetal trauma is possible. The use of a metered-dose sublingual spray is ideally suited to obstetric practice, being both easy to use and also rapidly administered.

Administration, Sublingual↗
PubMed1998

Intraocular lens implants and risk of endophthalmitis.

AIM: To investigate the possible association between the use of three piece foldable silicone polypropylene (SPP) intraocular lenses (IOLs) and an increased risk of postoperative endophthalmitis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of all cases of postoperative endophthalmitis following phacoemulsification surgery in a single unit over a 3 year period. The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis in eyes with SPP IOLs was compared with the incidence in eyes with single piece polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) IOLs. RESULTS: 772 cataract extractions by phacoemulsification were performed. One (0.16%) of the 622 patients with PMMA IOLs developed endophthalmitis. Excluding one patient who had aplastic anaemia, five (3.33%) of 150 patients with SPP IOLs developed endophthalmitis. The relative risk for postoperative endophthalmitis associated with the use of the SPP IOL compared with the PMMA IOL was 20.1 (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION: This study adds further evidence to the concept that SPP IOLs can be a significant risk factor in the development of postoperative endophthamitis.

Aged↗