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Biomedical subjects

R D Guttmann

Publications and source records attributed to R D Guttmann.

233 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1968

Pathogenesis of a local graft versus host reaction: immunogenicity of circulating host leukocytes.

A local invasive-destructive reaction typical of that seen in allograft rejection occurs when Lewis rat spleen cells are inoculated under the capsule of Lewis kidney freshly grafted into F(1) hybrid hosts. Thus the donor lymphoid cells can be immunogenically stimulated by circulating host leukocytes and the interaction of these two cell populations results in nonspecific damage to kidney parenchyma. The results indicate that passenger leukocytes in organ allografts may be important immunogenic agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1967

Renal transplantation in the inbred rat. 3. A study of heterologous anti-thymocyte sera.

Heterologous rabbit anti-rat thymocyte sera, its immunoglobulin G fraction, and the bivalent and univalent antibody fragments obtained by pepsin digestion are potent immunosuppressive reagents when tested in a system of renal allotransplantation between the LBN F(1) hybrid and Lewis rat strains. The AT F(ab')(2) is not lymphocytotoxic in vitro but has agglutinating ability, while the AT Fab' neither agglutinates nor is cytotoxic to rat lymphocytes, but will inhibit the in vitro reaction. The AT IgG and the F(ab')(2) are more immunogenic in their host than normal rabbit IgG and F(ab')(2), probably due to increased delivery of the antibody to the immune system. Donor pretreatment studies demonstrate that a cross-reacting, highly immunogenic antibody with anti-lymphocyte specificity may bind to renal sites and be transferred to the new host after transplantation. In addition, the crude unabsorbed anti-thymocyte antisera may induce a nephritis characteristic of immune complex disease which can be eliminated by complete absorption with serum proteins. Further in vivo and in vitro evidence is presented that the AT IgG contains small amounts of antibody to glomerular basement membrane antigens and may induce an autologous phase-nephrotoxic nephritis. The amount of in vivo binding by AT IgG to GBM was reduced by subcutaneous rather than intravenous administration. Most of the rabbit antisera tested contain antibody in low titer to sheep erythrocytes and in vivo experiments indicate that the nature of the immunodepressive effect of AT globulin to sheep erythrocytes is due in part to the passive transfer of antibody and is not necessarily due to a specific anti-lymphocyte effect.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The emotional impact of end-stage renal disease: importance of patients' perception of intrusiveness and control.

The emotional impact of the intrusiveness of illness and patients' reduced control over several aspects of life were examined in the context of end-stage renal disease. A sample of thirty-five hemodialysis, ten continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and twenty-five posttransplant patients participated in a standardized interview in which a series of eight self-report measures of positive and negative mood, life happiness, self-esteem, depression, and somatic symptoms of distress were obtained. Attending staff also completed a depression rating scale for each participant. Data reduction via principal-components analysis yielded two factors, corresponding to negative and positive mood, and these were submitted to covariance analyses in which age, general nonrenal health, and defensiveness were controlled statistically. Patients' perceptions of increased intrusiveness, and their perception of limited control over eleven life dimensions, each correlated significantly and uniquely with increased negative and decreased positive mood, suggesting that each of these two factors contributes importantly and independently to patients' distress. An "objective" continuum of intrusiveness, constructed by ranking the various treatment modalities represented in the sample, also related significantly to positive (but not to negative) mood levels.

Adult↗