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Biomedical subjects

R D Carpenter

Publications and source records attributed to R D Carpenter.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Anaesthesia for insertion of ear tubes in children: comparison of propofol, thiopentone and halothane.

To determine the quality of anaesthesia and speed of recovery after propofol anaesthesia for myringotomy in children, 100 children 2-12 years were randomized to one of four anaesthetic regimens for induction/maintenance: thiopentone (STP) (5 mg.kg-1)/halothane, propofol (3 mg.kg-1)/halothane, halothane/halothane or propofol (3 mg.kg-1)/propofol bolus (0.5 mg.kg-1 every 3 min (10 mg.kg-1.h-1)). Nitrous oxide (70%) in oxygen (30%) was used to facilitate insertion of an intravenous catheter and was continued throughout the anaesthetic. We found that the incidence of intraoperative movement in response to surgical stimulation was significantly greater in the prop/prop group 32%, compared with the three other groups (P < 0.02). Although some recovery variables (time to response to questions, sit unaided, tolerate oral fluids, and discharge with fluids) were achieved more rapidly by the prop/ prop group than the other three groups, the times to open eyes, obey commands and, most importantly, discharge from recovery without fluids did not differ between the prop/prop and the hal/ hal groups. We conclude that there is little benefit in using propofol as an induction agent alone or in combination with a propofol maintenance anaesthetic for paediatric myringotomy and tube surgery.

Anesthesia Recovery Period↗
PubMed1994

Sterilization of dental instruments and devices: an update.

Dental sterilization techniques have become a focus of attention as a result of disclosure of occupational HIV transmission from an infected dentist to a cluster of patients. Although there has never been a confirmed report of a patient acquiring an infectious blood-borne disease from a dental instrument or device, recommendations for universal sterilization of dental handpieces and other devices have recently been implemented. Because of the higher rate of hepatitis B virus transmissability in the dental health care environment, an upgrade in sterilization protocols may be warranted. Stringent sterilization standards are especially necessary in higher-risk institutional dental care settings. However, a high rate of dental sterilization errors has been reported and traced to operator error. Recent institutional dental sterilization policy changes have been developed to reduce the chance of sterilization error, further diminishing the risk of cross contamination.

Dental Equipment↗
PubMed1993

Oral cancer mortality in Maryland.

Oral cancer mortality is one of the most preventable types of cancer deaths when the lesion is detected early. The survival rate is quite low, however, when oral cancer is diagnosed at an advanced stage. While the Maryland oral cancer incidence rate is lower than the US average, the state ranks fourth in the country for overall age-adjusted oral cancer mortality; Maryland's African-American population has the highest oral cavity and pharyngeal mortality rate. Delayed diagnosis may explain this occurrence since groups at high risk for developing oral cancer, such as the elderly and minority groups, do not have ready access to the Maryland oral health care system. As the elderly annually use physicians' services almost twice as much as they use dentists' services, physicians are encouraged to routinely complete an oral cavity and pharyngeal examination. Inclusion of oral health services into a Maryland health system reform benefits package would also improve routine screening frequency for oral cancer.

Female↗