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Biomedical subjects

R Cutler

Publications and source records attributed to R Cutler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Role of the rat in the transmission of porcine parvovirus.

Rats experimentally inoculated with porcine parvovirus (PPV) shed virus in excreta from 3 to 21 days. Rats inoculated subcutaneously with PPV responded serologically with hemagglutination-inhibition titers (512-1,024). The PPV antigen was readily detected in lung and spleen 2 and 3 days after rats were inoculated and in liver and intestine, 4 days. The rats remained clinically healthy. Rats given PPV orally or in drinking water either with PPV-infected cell culture fluid or swine fetal homogenate failed to respond serologically to PPV, the exception being 2 of 4 rats exposed to swine fetal homogenate over a 5-day span. Pigs exposed to PPV-contaminated rat excreta, either by direct oral dosing or by contaminating the feed, failed to seroconvert. Pigs given (IM) PPV which had been isolated on cell culture from rat excreta did seroconvert. Results of these experiments indicated that rats became infected with PPV, but did so after systemic challenge exposure or prolonged oral exposure to highly infective swine fetal homogenate. Insufficient virus was shed by rats to cause susceptible pigs to seroconvert upon oral feeding--thus indicating that a minimal dose is necessary to ensure oral challenge. In a preliminary experiment, seronegative pigs given different doses of PPV orally showed a gradient level of serologic response and different rates of shedding.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Randomized prospective evaluation of cimetidine and antacid control of gastric pH in the critically ill.

One hundred forty-four critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care setting were randomly assigned to cimetidine or antacid treatament groups. Gastric pH was monitored hourly. One hundred twenty-three (85%) patients demonstrated a fall in pH to less than 4 and were considered to require prophylaxis. Prophylaxis was considered adequate if the measured pH could then be maintained at greater than or equal to 4. Fifty-eight patients received antacids alone, the average requirement being 41 cc/hour. Sixty-five patients received cimetidine. Seventeen (26%) of the cimetidine prophylaxis patients failed to raise their pH and were than placed on hourly administration of antacid with successful elevations of pH to greater than or equal to 4 in all cases on an average supplementary dose of 53 cc/hour. Risk factors, including sepsis, hypotension, head injury, respiratory failure, degree of trauma, and age, were not statistically different in the two treated groups. Using these same criteria, responders to cimetidine could not be differentiated from nonresponders. All patients were protected from significant stress bleeding while on this study. Significant complications of either treatment were minimal. Antacids offered consistent protection against gastric acidity and were 100% effective. A routine schedule of 300 mg every six hours of cimetidine was effective in only 47% of patients, and the maximum dose of cimetidine was effective in only 74% of patients. Hourly measurement of intragastric pH is required for monitoring the response to prophylaxis of stress bleeding in severely ill patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Murphy's law.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Accidents↗
PubMed1978

The unmotivated patient syndrome: survey of therapeutic interventions.

The authors describe five groups of patients who have been found to respond poorly to psychiatric treatment--people from lower socioeconomic groups, juvenile delinquents, drug-addicted individuals, alcoholics and military psychiatric patients. Although these groups of patients represent different etiologies and symptom-specific pathologies, many of their members have in common a lack of motivation for change. The authors discuss the reasons for this lack of motivation, suggesting that focusing on this factor would promote a better understanding of the unmotivated patient syndrome and lead to the development of more effective psychotherapeutic efforts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Alcohol consumption and personal resources. A general hypothesis and some implications.

A general hypothesis is formulated in which alcohol consumption is largely determined by the resources available for drinking, the activities competing for those resources, and the costs associated with drinking in the context of a particular social status. Implications in terms of drinking patterns of occupational subgroups, longitudinal changes in alcohol consumption, and vulnerability to the development of pathological drinking are suggested.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Adrenalin treatment for hereditary angioneurotic edema.

In two patients studied with HAE the repeated use of 1.0 cc of 1:1000 epinephrine every hour for episodes threatening the upper airway resulted in both subjective and objective improvement of signs and symptoms in a manner we interpret as helpful. No harmful side effects have been encountered in these two young, otherwise healthy, people. Until a more definite therapy is found, we believe repeated high doses of adrenalin should be considered in young patients with HAE presenting with symptoms and signs of airway involvement.

Adult↗