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Biomedical subjects

R Cutler

Publications and source records attributed to R Cutler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The effects of aging on muscarinic receptor/G-protein coupling in the rat hippocampus and striatum.

In the striatum and hippocampus, there is a loss of sensitivity to muscarinic agonists with age which has been traced to events early in the signal transduction pathway. Our laboratory has therefore focussed on investigations at this level. The current experiments investigate the effects of age on G-protein/receptor interactions by using competitive binding assays to measure the ability of GppNHp to decrease the proportion of receptors bound to G-proteins in the absence and the presence of added Mg2+. L-[3H]Quinuclidinyl benzilate was used as a nonselective ligand and [3H]pirenzepine as an M1 selective ligand. We find that: (1) muscarinic receptors and G-proteins in the striatum appear to become loosely coupled with age, with no change in Mg2+ sensitivity. (2) M1-receptor/G-protein complexes in the hippocampus display increased sensitivity to the presence of Mg2+ with age, with those from old but not young tissue requiring added Mg2+ in order to uncouple. This effect, however, may not be M1 specific.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

Veterinary wisdom.

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Clinical Clerkship↗
PubMed1990

Multicenter comparison of once- and twice-daily isradipine to hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of hypertension in elderly patients.

After 8 weeks of isradipine, a twice-a-day dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, 49% of elderly patients showed a complete response (sitting diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 85 mm Hg) and 36% showed a partial response (sitting diastolic blood pressure decrease greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg) for an 85% total response rate. Hydrochlorothiazide gave a complete response in 36% of the patients and a partial response in 33%, for a 69% total response rate (p less than 0.0046). Because elderly subjects have reduced clearance for many drugs, we determined how those who responded to twice-a-day administration would respond to once-a-day administration. After 4 weeks of isradipine administered once a day, 54% of the patients showed a complete or partial response, whereas 38% of the patients who were changed to placebo showed a response. In contrast, 82% of patients receiving hydrochlorothiazide once a day showed a response, whereas 60% of patients who were changed to placebo showed a response. These data indicate that the standard formulation of isradipine was not effective when administered once a day.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

One-year follow-up of infants with abstinence-associated seizures.

Fourteen infants with neonatal abstinence-associated seizures were assessed neurodevelopmentally during the first year of life. Despite abnormal neurologic examination results in eight of 12 infants at 2 to 4 months of age, nine of 12 infants had normal neurologic examination results at follow-up (two infants were unavailable for follow-up; one infant died of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Nine neonatal electroencephalograms were abnormal; seven of eight of these abnormal tracings normalized during the follow-up period. Bayley developmental scores remained normal during the first year of life and did not differ from either passively addicted infants without seizures or from published population norms. This short-term favorable prognosis for abstinence-associated seizures differs from that associated with neonatal seizures due to other causes. This observed improvement in neurologic function may be based on replenishment of neurotransmitters following transient depletion in the neonatal period.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Murphy's law.

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Accidents↗
PubMed1978

The unmotivated patient syndrome: survey of therapeutic interventions.

The authors describe five groups of patients who have been found to respond poorly to psychiatric treatment--people from lower socioeconomic groups, juvenile delinquents, drug-addicted individuals, alcoholics and military psychiatric patients. Although these groups of patients represent different etiologies and symptom-specific pathologies, many of their members have in common a lack of motivation for change. The authors discuss the reasons for this lack of motivation, suggesting that focusing on this factor would promote a better understanding of the unmotivated patient syndrome and lead to the development of more effective psychotherapeutic efforts.

Adolescent↗