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Biomedical subjects

R Cortesini

Publications and source records attributed to R Cortesini.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A new approach to non-invasive quantitative study of hepatic haemodynamics using radiocolloids in vivo.

A non-invasive radioisotopic method for the study of liver haemodynamics is described. Data collected by means of a computerised gamma camera for about 4 min after intravenous administration of 99Tcm human serum albumin colloids were analysed using a new mathematical model formulated on a physiopathological basis. Several quantities of possible clinical interest were determined, namely parameters related to liver blood flows, intrahepatic shunts, the intrahepatic space of distribution of the tracer, transit times and extraction efficiency. Results are not affected, within certain limits, by the shape of the radioactive bolus and, with the exception of extraction efficiency, they appear to be independent of the size of the radiocolloidal particle. The dose employed (3-4 mCi) is comparable with that used in liver scintigraphy. Results in 19 subjects with normal liver function, 45 patients with liver cirrhosis and 7 patients with focal liver lesions were in good agreement, from a quantitative viewpoint, with known physiopathological data, thus validating this method in comparison with other more traumatic and/or less practical techniques, which provide less complete information on liver haemodynamics. The method proposed appears to be sufficiently accurate, reproducible, safe and practical, and may thus be considered suitable for routine use in the assessment of functional aspects of liver perfusion for clinical purposes.

Cysts↗
PubMed1985

Effect of cyclosporin A on natural killer cells' response during viral infections.

In the this study the modification of lymphocyte subsets (T3, T4, T8) and Natural Killer (NK) cells in organ transplanted patients treated with Cyclosporin A (CyA) in the course of viral infection, have been analyzed. Different subsets have been studied with the monoclonal antibody method and infective processes have been verified by serological data of seroconversion. Our study has shown that CyA at the adopted doses does not alter NK response to viral infection; in fact, in patients with seroconversion, higher NK values and lower OKT4/OKT8 ratio values have been found with respect to patients who did not show any viral infection serologic data. Furthermore an increased incidence of reject crisis has been observed in patients with seroconversion.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Monitoring of NK-1 and NK-15 subsets and natural killer activity in kidney transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine.

NK-1, NK-15 subsets and natural killer (NK) activity were studied in 13 patients, before undergoing renal transplantation and in the post-transplant period. Pretransplant there was a significant reduction of NK activity with a defect in Vmax capacity in all patients. NK-1+ and NK-15+ cell number was normal or slightly increased in all subjects. Post-transplant evaluation under cyclosporine immunosuppression showed a quantitative reduction in NK cells while no changes in NK activity and killing activity have been seen. We conclude that in spite of a numerical decrease, NK activity was not affected by cyclosporine treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Differential diagnosis of rejection and cyclosporin nephrotoxicity in organ transplantation using exfoliative urinary cytology].

Although the successful results sealing with Cyclosporin therapy in organ transplantation, side effects such as nephrotoxicity due to drug administration, are still partially solved especially concerning differential diagnosis versus rejection in kidney allograft. On this basis the authors evaluated the application of urinary exfoliative cytology for the monitoring of 110 patients who underwent kidney transplant under Cyclosporin regimen. Among them 33 cases showed direct and/or indirect cytopathic signs of nephrotoxicity induced by Cyclosporin, never observed on over 6000 urinary specimens of renal graphed patients treated with conventional therapy. The authors conclude that urinary exfoliative cytology is a useful, safe and easily repeatable method for the differential diagnosis between rejection and Cyclosporin nephrotoxicity at early stage in kidney transplantation.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1984

[Pulmonary infectious complications caused by cytomegalovirus in clinical kidney transplantation].

Infections constitute one of the main complications in organ allografts because of the immunosuppression status of the patient due to the own disease and the reduction of the immunoresponse dealing with the immunosuppressive therapy. Moreover the bacterial, micotic and parasitic infections show a lower incidence while viral infections affect more frequently the patients. On these basis the AA, report their experience on 162 kidney allografts with particular reference to cytomegalovirus pulmonary infections observed in nine patients. Five patients died of acute respiratory insufficiency while in three cases a complete resolution of the clinical picture has been observed. Finally one case underwent the association of pulmonary infection and irreversible graft failure due to rejection. The AA. conclude that the cytomegalovirus pulmonary infection is particularly riskfull in the non immunocompetent patients and stress the potent effect of the high titer specific immunoglobulins to prevent such often lethal complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical renal transplantation: exfoliative urinary cytology in the evaluation of nephrotoxicity induced by cyclosporin therapy].

Cyclosporine significantly improved the results in organ allograft, nevertheless the drug's potential nephrotoxicity is still causative of problems in differential diagnosis between rejection and graft failure due to Cyclosporine in patients who undergo kidney transplantation. The authors evaluate the effectiveness of a simple method as Urinary Exfoliative Cytology (UEC) in a group of 38 patients who received a kidney allograft and post operative treatment with Cyclosporine. The cytological parameters studied were the following: cytology: cellularity, background, urotelial cells, tubular cells, red cells, polinuclear cells, monocytes, histyocytes, lymphocytes, plasmacells, casts (from 0 to 4+). In all the patients was associated the immunological evaluation--lymphocytes subpopulation markers and function--and Cyclosporine serum levels, together with the hematochemical parameters. In 6 patients with a rise of serum creatinine level the UEC evidentiated intracytoplasmatic eosinophile inclusions in the proximal tubular cells, picture never observed in over 5000 UEC examination of patients treated with post-transplant steroids and azathioprine immunosuppressive regimen. Moreover a complete renal function recovery followed the Cyclosporine dose reduction. The authors conclude that the UEC in kidney allograft is a safe, simple and useful method to assess the early renal damage due to Cyclosporine and to make differential diagnosis between nephrotoxicity and rejection.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1983

[Laboratory diagnosis in clinical renal transplants. II. Exfoliative urinary cytology in non-immunologic complications].

5,800 exfoliative cytology smears have been studied during the period 1979-1982. The study was performed as part of the monitoring in a group of patients who underwent kidney transplant at the II Patologia Speciale Chirurgica, University of Rome (Italy). Cytological findings related to non-immunological complications in the first postoperative period are described and discussed in detail. The urinary exfoliative cytology method in the differential diagnosis among ATN, ischemic tubular necrosis and viral infections, tested by sequentially repeated examinations, could allow a prompt diagnosis before the evidence of clinical and hematochemical signs of renal damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Laboratory diagnosis in clinical renal transplants. III. Exfoliative urinary cytology in immunologic complications].

The authors summarize their experiences on cytological monitoring in kidney allografts performed at II Patologia Speciale Chirurgica, University of Rome (Italy), during the period 1979-1982. The different aspects of the urinary exfoliative cytology dealing with the post transplant immunological complications, and the differential cytomorphological criteria are described in detail. A good correlation among cytological, immunological and clinical parameters has been observed in 78% of the examined patients. Moreover the cytological findings allowed in 90% of cases an early diagnosis of rejection, increasing the possibility to successfully prevent an irreversible damage of the graft.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Laboratory diagnosis in kidney transplants. I. Exfoliative urinary cytology].

Clinical microscopy is a worthwhile method to monitor patients with kidney transplants. The authors describe their experience in 5,800 urinary cytological specimens. The study includes several methods of collecting, processing and staining of the specimens, showing the different cytological pictures: background, hematopoietic-inflammatory cells, renal epithelial cells and casts.

Cytodiagnosis↗
PubMed1980

[The genetic influence on the labile pseudo-ischemic T-wave (author's transl)].

After the demonstrated familial incidence of the "labile pseudo-ischemic T-wave" patterns, a research has been carried on in order to ascertain the possible genetic conditioning of the anomaly. The analysis of the pattern of the families, formed starting from the subjects carrier of the above-mentioned pattern, carried on with the Haldane sibships method corrected with that proposed by Lejeune, leads to affirm that the models of hereditary transmission able of explaining the found out distributions are of a not simple recessive type. The distribution of frequence of the subjects by "aplotype HLA" does not permit to settle a reliable correlation between the considerated electrocardiographic anomaly and the aplotype, at least as far as the number of the examined cases is concerned.

Adult↗