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Biomedical subjects

R Corrocher

Publications and source records attributed to R Corrocher.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Elevation of red cell sodium-lithium countertransport in hyperlipidemias.

Red cell Na-Li countertransport was measured in 78 normal subjects, 64 patients with essential hypertension, and 67 patients with hyperlipidemias. Both hypertensive and hyperlipidemic patients had elevated Na-Li countertransport compared to normal controls (p less than 0.001). Subjects with hyperlipidemia and hypertension had higher countertransport (p less than 0.02) than patients with only hyperlipidemia. Normotensive hyperlipidemic subjects had higher countertransport than normotensive and normolipidemic controls (p less than 0.02). This suggest that hypertension and high plasma lipids can influence independently the Na-Li countertransport. In another group of 52 normotensive subjects, Na-Li countertransport was positively correlated with serum total and free (unesterified) cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides. No correlations were found with HDL-cholesterol or HDL-phospholipids. A very high positive correlation was found between Na-Li countertransport and plasma acetylcholinesterase (p less than 0.005). These findings suggest that plasma lipids, probably through membrane lipids, can affect the maximal rate of the Na-Li exchange in red cells. The relationship between plasma or membrane lipids and cation transport should be further studied in erythrocytes and other cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum copper and plasma fibrinogen in hepatic carcinoma.

To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of several biochemical tests in primary liver tumors, the authors studied 36 cases (4 cholangiocarcinomas and 32 hepatocellular carcinomas, 10 of which were associated with cirrhosis) and 47 cases of liver cirrhosis, all with morphologically proven diagnosis. Serum copper (SCu) and plasma fibrinogen (PF) appeared the most useful tests in differential diagnosis between tumors and cirrhosis. In liver tumors, mean SCu level was 200.50, standard deviation (SD) 47.17 micrograms/dl (121.40, SD 25.90 micrograms/dl in cirrhosis; P less than 0.001). PF level was 461.78, SD 151.25 mg/dl in tumors (275.30 SD, 124.40 mg/dl in cirrhosis; P less than 0.001). SCu had a good sensitivity (0.80) and a high specificity (0.92) at a cutoff value of 160 micrograms/dl; when the cutoff level was raised to 170 micrograms/dl, the specificity increased to 1, with a sensitivity of 0.77. The combination of SCu and PF improved the diagnostic value slightly. Moreover, with an estimated frequency of tumor in cirrhosis of 10%, SCu had a positive predictive value of 1 (cutoff, 170 micrograms/dl) and a negative predictive value of 0.97. In nine patients SCu levels decreased after surgical removal of tumor; five other patients, sequentially studied, showed an increase of SCu level that correlated with the progression of the disease. Finally, patients with longer survival had a lower SCu level. These findings suggest that SCu level may be used as a screening test for early detection of neoplastic degeneration, and it is correlated with the extension of tumor mass.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1985

Decreased activity of liver glutathione peroxidase in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, one of the scavenger enzymes of oxygen active radicals, has been measured in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of 17 patients and the values compared with the activity of adjacent tumor-free tissue and with those of 30 histologically normal livers. The results demonstrate a reduced GSH-Px activity in neoplastic tissue (21.19 vs 33.74 U/g prot.; P less than 0.001). However, the adjacent tumor-free liver also had a reduced activity when compared with normal tissue (23.15 vs 33.74 U/g prot.; P less than 0.01), but this value did not differ from that of HCC tissue. These data suggest that HCC might develop in a GSH-Px-deficient condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Inhibition of erythrocyte glutathione-peroxidase by bromsulphalein.

42 different samples of human erythrocytes were tested for glutathione-peroxidase activity (GSH-Px) in an attempt to study the inhibitory effect of Bromsulphalein (BSP). The mean activity of the enzyme was 11.90 +/- 3.61 U/g Hb, with no significant difference between males and females. BSP was used at different concentrations from 1 to 45 mM and inhibited GSH-Px activity; the inhibition curve showed a sinusoidal pattern. The major effect was obtained at 30 mM BSP when almost 65% of the initial activity was inhibited. The inhibition of GSH-Px by BSP has also been confirmed using partially purified GSH-Px obtained from human erythrocytes, as well as purified bovine GSH-Px. Some difference was noted between males and females: females may be divided into two subgroups, one with a lower and a second with a higher level of GSH-Px. 1 mM BSP increased the activity in the first group, whereas it reduced the activity in the second group. The inhibition by BSP was positively correlated with the basal value of GSH-Px and this effect was particularly evident in females (r = 0.865; p less than 0.001). The possibility that GSH-Px may be inhibited by BSP would be of some importance considering the strategic role of GSH-Px in protecting the cell from oxidative attack.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Differential binding of folates by rat renal cortex brush border and basolateral membrane preparations.

The binding of radioactive 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folic acid was found to be greater in brush border than in basolateral membrane preparations of rat renal cortex. This appeared to be due to an increased amount of a specific folate binding protein in the brush border membrane preparations as compared to those of the basolateral membrane. The binding was saturable and inhibited by nonradioactive folic acid and, therefore, a specific, rather than nonspecific process. The Km's for folic acid binding in brush border and basolateral membrane preparations were similar and involved a single high-affinity binding site. In contrast, methotrexate was found to bind equally well to both brush border and basolateral membrane preparations. Moreover, folic acid binding was not inhibited by an equimolar amount of methotrexate. A folate binding protein could be extracted from either membrane preparation with 1% Triton X-100 and, to a lesser extent, with 0.6 M NaCl. These different extraction procedures resulted in different apparent molecular weights for folate binding protein (greater than 160,000 for Triton X-100-extracted samples and 40,000 for NaCl-extracted samples). The membrane preparation pellets remaining after NaCl extraction were able to rebind tritiated folic acid and also the 40,000-Da folate binding protein. On the other hand, membrane preparations extracted with Triton X-100 lost the ability to bind folic acid or the 40,000-Da folate binding protein. These differences in molecular weight and rebinding capacity may be explained by the existence of a receptor for folate binding protein which was extracted by Triton X-100, but not by NaCl. The greater concentration of folate binding protein in the renal tubule cell brush border membrane preparations as compared to those from basolateral membranes ascribes, for the first time, a functional role for folate binding protein in the renal reabsorption of folates which is required to prevent loss of folate in the urine and perhaps in the membrane transport of folates in general.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy: pre-AIDS. First description of a case observed in Italy].

Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy (PGL) is considered a possible early stage of AIDS (pre-AIDS), caused by the same virus and characterized by the same immunologic abnormalities. So far, no case of PGL has been reported in Italy: therefore we describe a typical clinical history, immunologic studies and lymph-node histology of a young italian patient affected by PGL. We treated him with thymocyte protein extract (TP-1). We think PGL is not rare in Italy and probably a percentage of cases, especially in heroin addicts and homosexual males, is not recognized.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

[Pseudohypoparathyroidism associated with hyperaldosteronism and polyglobulia].

A new case of familial PHP, associated with polyglobulia and biochemical parameters of hyperaldosteronism has been described. This association represents a very rare entity. PHP has been documented by the common tests and the unresponsiveness of AMPc to PTH. The poliglobulia , which appears after a period of severe anaemia, needs now periodical blood subtraction; nevertheless a cerebral thrombosis with conseguent hemiparesis has recently occurred. The hyperaldosteronism has been documented by hypopotassiemia , a raised level of plasma aldosterone as well as suppressed plasma renin activity even after adequate stimulus.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1984

Effects on red blood cell choline transport induced by different sulfhydryl compounds.

The uptake of choline was studied in different types of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)-like RBC obtained from normal human erythrocytes by the action of different sulfhydryl compounds. The results were compared with the uptake of choline in true PNH cells and in normal reticulocytes. The PNH-like cells which better mimicked true PNH were those prepared using acetylcysteine. Indeed these erythrocytes displayed a capacity to incorporate choline against a concentration gradient exactly as PNH cells exposed to either acetylcholine or choline. The uptake of choline by by the other PNH-like cells differed from that of PNH erythrocytes in several ways. The results suggest that every sulfhydryl compound induces a different damage on RBC membrane.

Biological Transport, Active↗
PubMed1984

Use of ceftazidime in the treatment of severe localized and systemic infections.

The efficacy of ceftazidime, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin, active also against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was tested in 19 patients suffering from severe, nonpulmonary localized or systemic infections, which were associated for the most part with concurrent diseases that often had already been unsuccessfully treated with other antibiotics. The treatment varied from 0.5 to 2 g three times daily by the intramuscular or intravenous routes for a minimum of 6 to a maximum of 16 days. Most of the microorganisms isolated were gram-negative (82.6%). Ceftazidime treatment proved efficacious in 17 of 19 cases (89.4%). No toxic effects were observed on hepatic, renal, and hematologic functions. Only in one case did a transient skin rash appear, which did not necessitate discontinuance of the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Behçet's syndrome. Description of a clinical case].

We present a case of a young man hospitalized for a fever and bipolar aphtous. The absence of typical ocular lesions, the delayed occurrence of thromboflebitis, arthritis, abnormal skin reactivity, as well as the presence of splenomegaly and limphoadenopathy, induced us to consider a large variety of infection disease before the diagnosis of Behçet's Syndrome. The complete remission has been achieved with corticosteroids and Laevamisole (150 mg/weekly). No therapy has been necessary in the last twelve months.

Adult↗