Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Copetti.
We report a case of pulmonary embolism complicated by paradoxical embolism (which is rarely diagnosed in life). Foramen ovale patency is a relatively common condition and this, together with the presence of pulmonary embolism, increases the probability of paradoxical embolism.
5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the main metabolite of 5-hydroxytryptamine or serotonin, excreted in the urine over a 24 hour period was systematically measured in 35 patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). The level of excreted urinary 5-HIAA ac. was high in only a few patients. The pathogenic mechanisms involved are discussed and though the role of serotonin in the pathogenesis of AWS seems of secondary importance, some 5-hydroxytryptamine methyl analogues may have a major role in the pathogenesis of hallucinations caused by alcohol withdrawal.
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The level of pituitary prolactin reserve (PPR) was studied in 56 patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF) in the acute stage after injections of metoclopramide and Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH). PPR was low in 90% of the subjects in both groups so that the pathogenic mechanism is more likely to be hypophyseal than hypothalamic and due to the reduced synthesis of PRL by the pituitary gland as a result of inadequate ATP synthesis and/or functional alterations to the receptors or pituitary cells following hypoxaemia and hypercapnia.
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The authors have investigated the changes of kalemia and kaluria levels in 40 patients suffering from delirium tremens, and have observed during the acute stage of the illness, a swift fall of kalemia level without an increase of the kaluric excretion. The kalemic values quickly rise up again at the end of the delirium.. The authors think that an adrenergic mechanism is responsible for this quick and transient hypokalemia. The significance of this adrenergic mechanism in the alcohol withdrawal syndrome is at present widely proved.
The Authors have investigated the incidence of Dupuytren's disease in the field of internal medicine, they have observed a rather high rate in the old people, especially between 60 and 80 years, and point out the significance of metabolic and genetic factors in the pathogenesis and the development of the disease.
The Authors confirm the clinical and prognostic importance of the measurement of circulating thyroid hormones - especially of Triiodothyronine (T3) - in evaluating the decompensated phases of alcoholic liver cirrhosis. The assay was performed in 90 patients affected by liver cirrhosis and was compared with the clinical manifestations and other laboratory test: only prothrombin time was showed to be as useful as T3 concentration in following the clinical course of cirrhosis. Low levels of tetraiodothyronine (T4) - if one can rule out the presence of hypothyroidism - are evidence for a bad impending prognosis.
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The Authors after discussing some of the aetiopathogenetic factors of Dupuytren's disease, have studied the behavior of sera glycemic shape after oral load in 368 patients with Dupuytren's disease, finding a impairment tollerance of glucose in the 93.20% of these patients. This suggest that the impairment of the glycemic metabolism still outside of alcoholic pathology is one important factor in the Dupuytren's disease and perhaps in the development of cirrhosis and hepatica fibrosis.