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Biomedical subjects

R Colin

Publications and source records attributed to R Colin.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1968

[Dumping syndrome].

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Dumping Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An evaluation of total parenteral nutrition in the management of steroid-dependent and steroid-resistant patients with Crohn's disease.

This study is an evaluation of short- and long-term benefits of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in 20 patients with active Crohn's disease but without fistulae. TPN was done during 42 (14-80) days (median-range) after failure of medical therapy including patients with steroid-resistant (11 SR) or steroid-dependent (9 SD) active Crohn's disease. Efficacy of short-term TPN was demonstrated by nutritional repair and achievement of clinical remission in all but one patients. Follow-up was 28 (8-78) months in the 19 patients (10 SR, 9 SD) discharged improved after the end of TPN. At 1 yr, the cumulative recurrence rate was 26% (5/19). During the follow-up, three patients (2 SR, 1 SD) remained symptom-free, 13 (6 SR, 7 SD) had a partial remission defined as relapse controlled by medication, and only three patients (2 SR, 1 SD) had a relapse uncontrolled by medical therapy leading to surgery. Therefore in our selected population without fistula or abscess, after failure of medical therapy TPN was obviously an effective therapy which avoided surgery. Furthermore follow-up indicated that SD and SR were only transient events in the course of Crohn's disease patients.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the effects of continuous and cyclic nocturnal parenteral nutrition on energy expenditure and protein metabolism.

Although cyclic nocturnal total parenteral nutrition is a widely used technique, its metabolic consequences have not been fully investigated. During two successive 7-day periods, 12 patients received randomly either standard continuous (infusion 24 hr/day) or cyclic (infusion between 5 pm and 9 am) total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Calorie and nitrogen intakes were identical during both periods. Energy expenditure was investigated by indirect calorimetry and showed practically no difference between continuous standard (1383 +/- 41 kcal/day-1) and cyclic total parenteral nutrition (1428 +/- 46 kcal/day-1). However, in the cyclic regimen, when compared with continuous infusion, energy expenditure was higher between 5 pm and 9 am and lower between 9 am and 5 pm. At the end of the noninfusion period, the 24-hr profile of the nonprotein respiratory quotient showed a slight decrease in patients receiving the cyclic infusion, in contrast with the stability of the quotient in the standard regimen. However, the nitrogen balance and variations in nutritional status did not differ significantly. In conclusion cyclic TPN is efficient for achieving a positive energy and nitrogen balance and in addition it induces a metabolic profile closer to physiological conditions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Duodenojejunal motility after oral and enteral nutrition in humans: a comparative study.

BACKGROUND: Small bowel motility during enteral nutrition (EN) remains poorly known. Our aim was to compare, in six healthy volunteers, the duodenojejunal motor patterns after a 750-kcal meal either ingested or infused intraduodenally at two different infusion rates: 2 kcal/min for 6 hours (6-hour EN) or 1 kcal/min for 12 hours (12-hour EN). METHODS: In each volunteer, the three manometric studies were carried out in a random order with an interval of > or = 1 week between each recording. Number of phase III (PIIIs), their characteristics, number of waves (NW), and area under the curve (AUC) were determined. RESULTS: PIIIs were interrupted by each type of nutrition in every volunteer. In five of six during 6-hour EN and in six of six during 12-hour EN, the first PIII returned before the end of EN. The mean duration of the fed pattern was similar in the three studies. During the interruption of PIIIs after oral meal, duodenojejunal motility was characterized by uninterrupted random contractions. By contrast, in four of six during the 6-hour EN and in five of six during 12-hour EN, it was organized as regular short bursts of contractions separated by motor quiescence. In all studies during the disruption of PIIIs, NW and AUC values decreased progressively with time and were higher at the jejunum level than in the duodenum (p < .001). However, at each level of recording, NW and AUC values were similar in the three types of feeding. After the return of PIIIs, the number, duration, and propagation velocity of PIIIs, NW, and AUC values were similar in the three studies. CONCLUSIONS: EN interrupts PIIIs, but, in most cases, PIIIs reappear before the end of EN. During the interruption of PIIIs, the organization of the contractions is qualitatively different from the fed pattern observed after oral feeding. For the same caloric value of the meal, the quantitative duodenojejunal motor response is not affected by the infusion rate, and the more important jejunal, rather than duodenal motor response found after an oral meal, is observed during EN. During EN, after the return of PIIIs, despite the persistence of a nutrient infusion into the duodenum, the small bowel motor patterns are not qualitatively or quantitatively different from those recorded in fasting subjects.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hepatitis due to pirprofen; 3 cases, 1 fatality].

We report three cases of jaundice in women taking 800 mg pirprofen.day-1 during 6 weeks to 4 months and a half. Two of them presented cutaneous side effects: one case was rapidly better with corticosteroids. Fatal case possibility incite to transaminase surveillance.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Does nocturnal monitoring of gastric pH permit the prediction of therapeutic response in severe duodenal ulcer treated with ranitidine?].

The present work was conducted in patients with severe cimetidine-resistant duodenal ulcer, in order to correlate the response (i. e. healing or no healing of the ulcer) to ranitidine therapy and the results of 24 h gastric pH monitoring performed under therapeutic conditions. Twenty patients who fulfilled the criteria of cimetidine resistance (i. e. with an ulcer not healed after a treatment with cimetidine given at a dose of at least 1 g/d for at least 6 weeks) received 150 mg ranitidine twice daily for 6 weeks and were then controlled endoscopically; ulcer was healed in 8 cases, not healed in 12 cases. Nocturnal gastric acid inhibition was significantly greater in patients who responded to ranitidine than in those whose ulcer did not heal. During daytime the gastric pH profiles were not different between these two groups. Nocturnal pH score was also calculated in each patient by reference to the mean inhibitory effect observed in 8 normal subjects in whom gastric pH was monitored in the same therapeutic conditions. In 7 patients the nocturnal pH score was greater than 10; none of these patients was healed after 6 weeks ranitidine treatment. Among the 13 patients with a pH score lower than 10, 8 had an ulcer healed at the end of the ranitidine course. In 5 cases gastric pH monitoring was repeated after continuation of the ranitidine treatment; healing of ulcer was observed in 4 cases, always associated with a nocturnal pH score lower than 10 (in 2 cases after increasing the dosage of ranitidine).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗