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Biomedical subjects

R Chiba

Publications and source records attributed to R Chiba.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Significance of staging pelvic lymphadenectomy for prostatic cancer.

Staging pelvic lymphadenectomy in 31 cases in stages A2-C prostatic cancer was performed. In 15 of the cases (48%) lymph node invasion was found. Metastatic tendency strengthened with an increase in Gleason scores, although no metastases were found in 38% of the cases with Gleason scores of 8-10. Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy guided by lymphography was conducted in 14 cases and 17% were false-negative. Lymph node metastases were found in the common iliac lymph nodes in 47%, external iliac lymph nodes in 67% and internal iliac obturator lymph nodes in 100%. Prolonged lymph drainage in 4 cases (13%) and wound infection in 2 cases (3%) were found as postoperative complications, but they were all treated conservatively. So it was concluded that pelvic lymphadenectomy was a reasonable adjunct to total prostatectomy since it provided an accurate assessment of the anatomic distribution of disease, which could be of help in selecting treatment. Dissection of the lymph nodes of the internal iliac obturator was considered quite sufficient to establish the presence of any lymph node metastases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Effectiveness of tiaprofenic acid on clinical symptoms of acute simple cystitis in women].

Acute simple cystitis is very easily cured by the proper use of an antibiotic. However, at times, such irritation symptoms in the bladder as micturition pain, pollakisuria and pyuria disappear. Consequently, medication to remove these irritation symptoms in the bladder at the earliest possible date, is required. However, there are no established standards for treatment in terms of the administration method and the administration period, etc. We gave a new non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug, tiaprofenic acid (SURGAM) to women suffering from acute simple cystitis who strongly complained of bladder irritation symptoms especially of micturition pain. The administration was carried out concurrently with an antibiotic, and its effectiveness was studied. As a result, micturition pain showed 86% improvement on the 1st day after starting administration, and it is thought that the concurrent use of this product with an antibiotic can probably remove the patients' complaints quickly and prevent the meaningless administration of antibiotics due to the persistence of symptoms and, subsequently, there is the possibility of shortening the period of administration.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Prostatic tissue levels of ceftizoxime].

The concentration of Ceftizoxime (CZX) was determined in the prostatic tissue and serum of 130 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Two grams of CZX was given by intravenous injection prior to TUR. The mean value of CZX levels in prostatic tissue and prostatic level/serum levels ratio (p/s ratio) after administration were 47.2 +/- 2.8 micrograms/g, 49.1% at 30 minutes, 33.3 +/- 2.2 micrograms/g, 51.4% at one hour, 22.2 +/- 2.7 micrograms/g, 60.8% at 2 hours, 13.6 +/- 3.9 micrograms/g, 64.2% at 4 hours, 3.04 +/- 0.54 micrograms/g, 74.5% at 8 hours, respectively. In conclusion, the concentration of CZX in the prostatic tissues attained the minimal inhibitory concentration of 80% for the gram-negative bacteria, the excluding P. aeruginosa. Thus clinical effectiveness of CZX could be expected on bacterial prostatitis and bacterial infection after prostatic operations.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Release of P and K from yeast cells irradiated by vacuum UV below 170 nm.

Yeast cells were irradiated with monochromatic synchrotron radiation (SR) under wet conditions in the wavelength region from 160 to 185 nm at INS-SOR, Tokyo. By the particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method applied to whole cells several elements were found to be released from the irradiated cells at the wavelengths shorter than 170 nm. The most drastic release occurred with phosphorus, followed potassium. Sulphur and calcium were not released over the whole wavelength region studied. It was also revealed that the release of these elements paralleled the cell inactivation. The cause of these element releases upon vaccuum-UV irradiation was inferred in relation to the dissociation of H2O molecules located in the vicinity of the cell surface region.

Particle Accelerators↗
PubMed1984

[Surgical experience of ureteral varices].

Ureteral varices have been considered to be a relatively rare disease. Recently, reports on varices have been increasing with the development of X-ray examination, especially with the popularization of renal phlebography. We diagnosed left ureteral varices in 8 cases by renal venography. In 7 of these cases, gross hematuria was the main symptom, and varicocele accompanied it in the other case. In 7 cases of hematuria, surgery, ligation and removal of the varices was performed as palliative therapy for symptom; and, in all 7 cases, the gross hematuria disappeared in 7 to 18 months postoperatively. Ureteral varices should be classified into idiopathic and secondary types. In the case of idiopathic varices, a regional operation is sufficient to prevent venous reflux of the ureteral vein, and extensive surgery is needed in cases of collateral circulation on the venograms and secondary varices because of the unchangeable postoperative venous hypertension. We concluded that surgical treatment of ureteral varices is effective and is a useful palliative procedure in spite of the short postoperative follow up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[A study of transrectal aspiration biopsy of the prostate].

We studied 35 needle aspiration biopsies of the prostatic cancer to evaluate the reliability for screening, as compared with the transrectal or transperineal needle biopsy of the same patients. Eight specimens were unsatisfactory for cytological study, only 77.4% of the 35 aspirations being cytologically evaluable. False negative aspiration biopsies occupied 22.7%. Histopathological evaluation was possible for all of the needle biopsies and the false negative rate was 5.7%. To examine how accurately aspiration biopsy or needle biopsy reflects the true histologic grade of prostatic cancer, both the cytologic grade of the aspirations and histologic grade of the biopsies were compared with the grade of the prostatectomy specimens. The aspiration biopsy was undergraded in 2 (11.8%) overgraded in 2 (11.8%) and correctly graded in 14 (82.4%) out of 17 cases. The needle biopsy was undergraded in 1 (3.2%), overgraded in 2 (6.5%) and correctly graded in 28 (90.3%) out of 31 cases. There was no significant difference in grading accuracy rate between cytology of the aspiration and histology of the needle biopsy. We conclude that the cytological grade is as reliable as needle biopsy, but aspiration biopsy is not a more efficient screening test for prostatic neoplasms than needle biopsy, considering the higher percentage of speciments unsatisfactory for aspiration and false negative in this small series.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Corneal arcus in Japanese family with type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia.

We examined ophthalmologically five affected members of a family with type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia. All of them had increased levels of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. Corneal arcus was found in three of the five members; a 50-year-old man, a 43-year-old woman and a 13-year-old boy. We believe that the corneal arcus begins at around 10 years of age in untreated type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia. Detection of corneal arcus at an early age is important to reduce cardiovascular complication in this disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Two cases of giant condyloma with malignant degeneration].

We report two rare cases of giant condyloma with malignant degeneration. Case 1: A 70-year-old male noticed a small nodule on his glans penis 5 years ago that had recently grown larger and larger. After admission, the biopsy of the mass revealed giant condyloma with malignant degeneration. Partial amputation of the penis was performed. Meatoplasty was performed by Whisnant 's procedure. Case 2: A 49-year-old male had received exstirpation of the condyloma of the penis eleven years earlier. Local recurrence and exstirpation were repeated. In June 1981, the mass was diagnosed as giant condyloma. In December malignant degeneration was suspected. In 1982, radiation therapy failed to reduce the mass and it made an ulcer on the penis. Total amputation of the penis was performed. The pathological diagnosis was invasive keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. Meatoplasty was performed, applying Toyoda 's ureterocutaneostomy and Abercrombie 's procedure. Though giant condyloma is pathologically benign, in many cases it is clinically indistinguishable from squamous cell carcinoma and may have a malignant potential like our cases. It may be concluded that giant condyloma should be treated as malignant and that partial or total penectomy may be the best treatment because conservative treatment including local excision is not effective.

Aged↗