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Biomedical subjects

R Chaturvedi

Publications and source records attributed to R Chaturvedi.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Clinical application of the conductance catheter technique in the adult human right ventricle.

This study examines the use of conductance catheters to assess human right ventricular volume. Ten patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterisation underwent right heart catheterisation with a conductance catheter and micromanometer, and a thermodilution catheter before and after fluid loading. Parallel wall conductance (Vc), and the multiplication factor relating conductance and thermodilution derived stroke volumes (å) were derived at each steady state. Pressure-volume cycles were analyzed at steady state and during fluid loading. Fluid loading resulted in a significant increase in cardiac output, and change in maximum and minimum cycle volume. There was no significant change in å (mean 0.40 S.D. 0.20) or Vc (mean 126.4 S.D. 59.6 ml) at higher cardiac outputs or ventricular volumes. Right ventricular pressure-volume cycles were formed demonstrating characteristic lack of clear isovolumic contraction and relaxation phases, and low cycle efficiencies (mean 0.62 S.D. 0.16). Serial cycles recorded during volume loading defined an end systolic pressure-volume relation more reliably than a stroke work end diastolic volume relation. Thus, a conductance derived volume signal can be obtained in the human right ventricle which can be interpreted as a continuous and instantaneous index of right ventricular volume, allowing the construction of real time pressure-volume cycles.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Right ventricular dysfunction during coronary artery occlusion: pressure-volume analysis using conductance catheters during coronary angioplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of coronary artery occlusion on the pressure-volume relations of the right ventricle. DESIGN: Right ventricular pressure-volume cycles were studied using conductance catheters and micromanometers in 19 subjects undergoing coronary angioplasty in a tertiary referral cardiac centre. RESULTS: Catheter occlusions of either the left anterior descending coronary artery or the right coronary artery were associated with a decline in stroke work (mean change (SD): left-13.3 (15.8)%, p = 0.008; right -13.5(16.5)%, p = 0.04). Two patterns of change were evident: an upward shift usually associated with occlusion in the left coronary artery, and a rightward shift in the right coronary artery. In the former there was an increase in maximum ventricular volume (mean change: 3.0(2.7)%, p = 0.004) and in minimum ventricular volume (mean change: 2.3(2.7)%, p = 0.01) and a fall in peak pressure (mean change: -4.8 (5.1)%, p = 0.04). In the latter there was an increase in peak pressure (mean change 9.9(16.3)%, p = 0.04) and an increase in minimum ventricular volume (mean change 3.7(5.0)%, p = 0.02) leading to a fall in stroke volume (mean change -13.3(15.8)%, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery or the right coronary artery is associated with a decline in right ventricular work. However, different patterns of change in indices of preload and afterload lead to different effects on overall right ventricular pump function.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The alkaloids of Corydalis meifolia.

Six tetrahydroprotoberberines, (+)-sinactine, apocavidine, stylopine, (+)-cavidine, cheilanthifoline, and dehydrocavidine; two spirobenzylisoquinolines, yenhusomine and yenhusomidine; one phthalideisoquinoline, corlumine; one benzophenanthridine, dihydrosanguinarine and protopine, have been isolated from the leaves and stems of Corydalis meifolia Wall. Of these alkaloids, dehydrocavidine was a new base. The remaining alkaloids, although known, were isolated for the first time for this plant. (+)-Cavidine, protopine, corlumine, yenhusomine, and dehydrocavidine exhibited spasmolytic activity.

Alkaloids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The alkaloids of Corydalis meifolia.

Six tetrahydroprotoberberines, (+)-sinactine, apocavidine, stylopine, (+)-cavidine, cheilanthifoline, and dehydrocavidine; two spirobenzylisoquinolines, yenhusomine and yenhusomidine; one phthalideisoquinoline, corlumine; one benzophenanthridine, dihydrosanguinarine and protopine, have been isolated from the leaves and stems of Corydalis meifolia Wall. Of these alkaloids, dehydrocavidine was a new base. The remaining alkaloids, although known, were isolated for the first time for this plant. (+)-Cavidine, protopine, corlumine, yenhusomine, and dehydrocavidine exhibited spasmolytic activity.

Alkaloids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemical constituents of Crotalaria madurensis.

Two new compounds, crotmadine (1) and crotmarine (3); a known pyrrolizidine alkaloid, fulvine (8), and three other known compounds, trans-3,4,3',5'-tetra methoxystilbene (5), dihydroalpinumisoflavone (6), and 4',5,7-trihydroxy-3-methoxyflavone (7), have been isolated from the leaves and stems of Crotalaria madurensis. Both crotmadine (1) and crotmarine (3) exhibit antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of sutopsy findings in 62 cases of leptospirosis in a metropolitan city in India.

BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is an important sporadic zoonotic disease caused by the spirochete Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae . The disease becomes a major public health problem, particularly during the monsoon months. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analysis of autopsy findings of 62 cases of clinically suspected leptospirosis was carried out to identify the pathology and determine the cause of death. RESULTS: Most patients were young males who presented with fever, breathlessness, haemoptysis, bleeding, oliguria and icterus. They died after a brief stay in hospital. A post-mortem diagnosis of leptospirosis was made on the basis of characteristic organ findings, aided by results of serology, Levaditi's staining and / or immunohistochemistry (IHC) on kidney sections. Massive intra-alveolar haemorrhage (48 cases), acute interstitial nephritis and / or acute tubular necrosis (45 cases) and myocarditis (24 cases) were the main autopsy findings. Haemorrhage in various organs like the heart, gastrointestinal tract, brain, pancreas and adrenals were also seen. Thirty of 54 kidney sections were positive for leptospiral antigens by IHC. There was extensive haemorrhages in the lungs in 48 (77%) cases and that was the cause of death in most of these cases. CONCLUSION: Bleeding into various tissues and organs is the main finding noted in this study. The post-mortem examination of patients dying of leptospirosis revealed that pulmonary haemorrhage was the cause of death in most individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A profile of nutritional practices and its cost in an intensive care in India.

In a retrospective study fifty patients admitted to a combined medical and surgical intensive care unit were surveyed to see the pattern of nutritional support. The routine practices of initial assessment and monitoring of the nutritional state, ordering and technique of feeding, routes of administration and complications were noted over a 3 week period. This gives an idea of the pattern of care and problems associated with nutritional support of the critically ill in this part of the world. The average cost of parenteral nutrition for three weeks was approximately Rs. 25,960 ($865 approx.) per patient.

Adolescent↗