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Biomedical subjects

R Caquet

Publications and source records attributed to R Caquet.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Does echocardiography Tm permit to determine the true contractile state of the left ventricle of hemodialysis patients? (author's transl)].

M. mode echocardiography was performed on 16 chronic hemodialysis patients (12 men, 4 women, average use of 21, hematocrit around 24 +/- 5%) with a normal blood pressure and no clinical or roentgenographic signs of heart failure, 18 to 22 hours after the end of a dialysis. Renal diseases due to hypertension, diabetes or amyloidosis were excluded from the study. 8 normal subjects of similar age, heart rate and blood pressure were used as a test group. On these 24 persons, and diastolic time diameter index (DTDI) and end systolic time diameter index (STDI), ejection time (ET), mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCF) and ejection fraction were calculated. DTDI of hemodialysis patients (31 mm/m(2) +/- 2) is greater than DTDI of the control subjects, and STDI and ET are the same. This explains the increase of VCF (1,69 +/- 0,10 c/s) and EF (0,78 +/- 0,05). After a three minute compression of the fistulas the differences disappear. These results suggest that the previous exam conditions permit a better determination of the true contractile state of the left ventricule of hemodialyzed patients if one disregards the load changes due to the fistula, anemia and the intermittent volume expansion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Non suppurative acute "bacterial" pneumonia in alcoholics. Study of 54 cases (author's transl)].

Pneumonia in alcoholics are frequent and often severe. A retrospective study, including two groups of patients, 25 in internal medicine and 29 in intensive care, was undertaken to define the main clinical, prognostic and therapeutical characters of these pneumonias. Death rate was very high in patients admitted to intensive care units (60%) but nil in patients in internal medicine. The principal elements of the prognosis were the existence of a neutropenia at the beginning, the condition of denutrition of the patient, failure to recognize the responsible germ because of an antibiotic treatment given blindly, and the delay of the treatment. The pneumococcus was the most frequently encountered germ (77%). After discussing the mechanisms of the quantitative and qualitative involvement of the neutrophilic leukocytes, the authors stated the measures which would lower the death rate and stressed the value of transtracheal puncture enabling an early bacteriological diagnosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

["Astasia-abasia," unilateral left-sided apraxia, and touch disorders in an astrocytoma of the corpus callosum. A clinico-pathological report].

The authors report the case of a 55 year old woman suffering from an astrocytoma of the corpus callosum, probably originating in the middle part of the commissure and subsequently involving the whole structure, beyond which it extended very little. They describe the symptoms and signs, consisting initially of a progressive isolated astasia-abasia, in the absence of any psychological disturbance, and subsequently consisting of an apraxic disorganisation involving particularly gestural activity of the left upper limb. They discuss the significance of the psychological disturbances and problems of stasis and walking classically described in relation to tumoural pathology of the corpus callosum, generally attributed to an associated pre-frontal involvement. They review the principal features the "callosal disconnection syndrome" of which their patient constituted an example.

Apraxias↗
PubMed1975

[Gastric and pleural localization of Waldenström's disease].

The authors report a case of Waldenstrom's disease, the first sign of which, remaining for a long time the only sign, was a pseudo-carcinomatous infiltration of the stomach. Later, the patient developed a pleural localisation. These two lesions, gastric and pleural, are known but rare. The authors recall the main signs. They emphasize the long duration of the disease when treated by chlorambucil. A pathological IgM was found, not only in the serum of this patient, but also in the jejunal fluid aspirated during small intestinal biopsy.

Chlorambucil↗
PubMed1975

[Acute obstruction of the esophagus by mucilage].

The authors present the case of an 84 year-old woman with chronic constipation who suddenly developed acute obstruction of the lower oesophagus on taking a tablespoonful of mucilage without water. The obstruction was relieved by fiber endoscopy. There was no other previous lesion which might explain this complication. The patient was seen again later in good general health. The authors recall the clinical and radiological signs of acute obstruction of the oesophagus and discuss the physiopathology. They propose treating them exclusively by oesophageal fiber endoscopy.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[Lupus syndrome during treatment with isoniazid].

In a young girl, aged 17 years, there occurred, 9 months after starting treatment with isoniazid and rifampicin, clinical signs of rheumatoid arthritis with facial erythema of vespertilio type. The presence of L.E. cells and antinuclear antibodies with a high titer, the rapid disappearance of all the clinical signs on stopping isoniazid, and the transient exacerbation of the syndrome on giving a single dose of isoniazid, gave the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus induced by isoniazid. 18 months after stopping the drug, the patient is apparently cured, but there persists in the serum antinuclear antibodies in low concentration (1/200). A study of acetylation of isoniazid in this patient and her 3 sisters, showed that they were all of the slow acetylating phenotype. The late prognosis of this disease and the physiopathological value of the slow acetyl phenotype are worth discussion.

Adolescent↗