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Biomedical subjects

R C Robinson

Publications and source records attributed to R C Robinson.

67 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Phenotyping cytochromes P450 with monoclonal antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to cytochrome P-450 isozymes can be used to phenotype tissues for epitope-specific cytochrome P-450 content. MAbs that inhibit specific cytochrome P-450 dependent drug or carcinogen reactions are useful tools for quantitative measurement of the individual or classes of cytochromes P-450 that catalyze these reactions. This method has been applied successfully to animal as well as human tissues. Radioimmunoassays based on MAbs have been developed and provide a rapid and efficient means for detecting cytochromes P-450 independent of functional enzyme activity. In addition, MAbs coupled to a Sepharose support can be used to immunopurify cytochromes P-450 in a procedure that is more rapid and efficient than conventional purification schemes. MAbs add a new dimension to analyses of cytochrome P-450 multiplicity and will find numerous applications in elucidation of the relationship between cytochrome P-450 phenotype and carcinogen or drug metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Monoclonal antibody-directed immunopurification and identification of cytochromes P-450.

Several rat liver cytochromes P-450 have been substantially purified in a one-step immunoadsorption procedure using Sepharose-bound monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the major forms of rat liver cytochrome P-450 induced by 3-methylcholanthrene and phenobarbital (MC-P-450 and PB-P-450, respectively). When mixed with solubilized rat liver microsomes the immunoadsorbent based on the MAb to MC-P-450 binds two polypeptides of MW 56,000 and 57,000 while the immunoadsorbent made with the MAb to PB-P-450 absorbs a species of MW 54,000. These polypeptides are readily desorbed by 0.1 M glycine (pH 3.0). Isolation of MAb-specific cytochrome P-450 isozymes by this method has applications in numerous phases of cytochrome P-450 research.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Epidemiological and bacteriological studies of Corynebacterium equi isolates from Californian farms.

Soil samples were collected from 6 horse breeding establishments in California and cultured for Corynebacterium equi. Only 3 of the farms had a history of the occurrence of pneumonia caused by C. equi. One farm had experienced an outbreak in 5 out of 6 foals just before soil sampling. Soil isolates were identified as C. equi on the basis of physical and biochemical characteristics found to be consistent with isolates of equine origin. C. equi was found in many soil samples within endemic areas where greatest concentrations were obtained in places accessible to horses. On non-endemic farms, only areas frequently inhabited by affected foals contained the organism. Pharyngeal, vaginal and faecal cultures from the dams of 4 affected foals were negative for C. equi.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Studies of an outbreak of Corynebacterium equi pneumonia in foals.

Five out of 6 foals between 2 and 4 months old, on a ranch in northern California, developed pneumonia within a 3 week period in June and July 1978. Corynebacterium equi was recovered from each of the 5 foals by transtracheal aspiration. Clinical signs were variable but included increased respiratory rate, fever, cough, nasal discharge, harsh airway sounds over middle sized airways and wheezing over small airways. Cyanosis was present in the most severely affected foal. Radiographic findings included diffusely increased interstitial and peribronchial densities, areas of consolidation and, in 3 cases, dense focal areas indicating abscessation. Foals were treated with several different antimicrobial agents. Most were treated with penicillin and gentamicin. Four of the 5 affected foals recovered within 2 to 3 weeks but the first foal to be affected died 2 days after first receiving veterinary attention. At postmortem examination, pulmonary changes considered typical of C equi pneumonia were found, including wet, heavy dark red lungs which failed to collapse and numerous 1 to 7 cm thin-walled abscesses throughout the parenchyma, containing inspissated exudate. C equi was cultured from the exudate. Samples of soil and dust from 9 of 20 areas inhabited by infected foals yielded C equi of the same serological group as found in the foals. Eight paddocks in which foals had not been kept were negative for C equi. The organism was recovered from cobwebs in the stalls occupied by infected foals. Aerosol infection via dust was considered to be the route of infection. Pharyngeal, vaginal and faecal cultures from the dams of 3 affected foals were negative for C equi. Early diagnosis by transtracheal aspiration and appropriate therapy are considered to be extremely important in the successful treatment of C equi pneumonia. Preventive therapy should include control of environmental dust.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Anaemia in the elderly: caveat caecum.

The experience of a professorial unit over a four-year period of carcinoma of the colon and rectum is described. The high incidence of anaemia in lesions proximal to the splenic flexure is shown. The distressing misdiagnosis of the cause of this anaemia is pointed out, and the consequent misuse of haematinics in the form of blood transfusion, iron and vitamin B12 is shown.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychosocial factors and risk of pain and disability.

This article reviews the research on the risk of pain and disability due to psychosocial variables. Variables such as general distress, psychopathology, depression, abuse, and catastrophizing are discussed in relation to the risk of disability. Ways to conceptualize the complex relationships among pain, disability, and several psychosocial variables are also explored. In addition, the identification of adaptive and of protective ways to manage pain and decrease the risk of disability is highlighted. Finally, the authors recommend areas for future research.

Chronic Disease↗