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Biomedical subjects

R C Khokhani

Publications and source records attributed to R C Khokhani.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Captopril--nifedipine interaction in hypertension.

Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker exerts significant peripheral vasodilatory activity in hypertensive patients. It has been postulated that the antihypertensive effect of peripherally acting vasodilators is masked, by counter regulatory mechanism e.g. activation of renin-angiotensin aldosterone (RAA) axis. The present work was undertaken to study the effect of blockade of RAA axis using captopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on the blood pressure lowering activity of nifedipine. Pretreatment with captopril in a dose of 25 mg. bd was carried out for 4 weeks in one group of 10 patients before administering nifedipine 10 mg bd for 4 weeks. The other matched group of 10 patients received nifedipine alone in the same dose. It was observed that although captopril by itself had no appreciable effect on blood pressure in the dose used, it significantly enhanced the blood pressure lowering activity of nifedipine. It appears that counterregulatory mechanisms play an important role in determining the net antihypertensive effect of peripheral vasodilators.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Comparative evaluation of captopril and methyldopa monotherapy for hypertension: double-blind study in Indians.

A double-blind, parallel-group study was conducted in 41 Indian men and women with hypertension to compare the antihypertensive effects of captopril and methyldopa. Twenty patients received 150 mg of captopril and 21 patients received 750 mg of methyldopa daily. The drugs were administered in three equally divided doses for four weeks. Blood pressure was measured after one, two, and four weeks of therapy. Relevant clinical and biochemical investigations were carried out before and after treatment. Sixteen patients given captopril and 11 given methyldopa responded to therapy. Among the captopril responders, initial mean systolic blood pressure (+/- SE) was 155 +/- 5.0 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was 105 +/- 2.1 mmHg. These values were reduced to 119 +/- 9.8 and 80 +/- 6.1 mmHg, respectively, after four weeks of therapy. Similarly, among the methyldopa responders, initial mean systolic blood pressure was 180 +/- 7.4 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was 112 +/- 3.8 mmHg. These values were reduced to 138 +/- 7.0 and 92 +/- 3.8 mmHg, respectively, after four weeks of therapy. The fall in the blood pressure in both groups was highly significant (P less than 0.001). None of the patients in either group had any clinically significant side effects. The results of this study suggest that monotherapy with captopril may be more effective than monotherapy with methyldopa in Indian hypertensives.

Captopril↗
PubMed1986

Myxedema coma.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of amoebic liver abscess with tinidazole and metronidazole.

20 patients with amoebic liver abscess, confirmed by aspiration of typical amoebic 'pus', were treated in random order with either tinidazole or metronidazole in a dose of 2g once daily for 2 days. Clinical, radiological, and biochemical follow-up was done for 1 month. One patient, given metronidazole, absconded and 19 completed the trial. Complete recovery occurred in all 10 patients given tinidazole but in only 5 of the 9 given metronidazole (p = 0.05). Patients on tinidazole required repeat aspirations less frequently than those on metronidazole. Mild gastrointestinal side-effects occurred in 1 patient on metronidazole but in none on tinidazole. From the present study, tinidazole appears to be a more effective, better tolerated drug with a more rapid therapeutic effect than metronidazole.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Comparative study of tinidazole and metronidazole in amoebic liver abscess.

Twenty proven cases of amoebic liver abscess were treated at random with either tinidazole or metronidazole. The dose of both was 2 g once daily for 2 days. Clinical, radiological, and biochemical follow-up was done for 30 days. Of the 19 patients who completed the trial, complete recovery was observed in all 10 patients given tinidazole and in 5 of 9 patients given metronidazole (p=0.05). Moreover, patients on tinidazole required repeat aspirations less frequently than those on metronidazole. Mild gastrointestinal side-effects occurred in 1 patient on metronidazole. The results suggest that tinidazole is a more efficacious drug than metronidazole, with rapid therapeutic effect.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute accidental exposure to chlorine fumes--a study of 82 cases.

Eighty-two patients were hospitalized following an accidental exposure to chlorine. All patients presented with dyspnoea and cough. The other symptoms included irritation of throat (53.6%), irritation of eyes (42.3%), headache (29.2%), abdominal pain (26.8%), vomiting (24.3%) and giddiness (9.7%). All of them had bronchospasm and 5 (6%) had cyanosis at the onset. An x-ray of the chest revealed patchy infiltrates in 3 (3.85%) and hilar congestion in 2 (2.44%). Pulmonary function tests showed an obstructive pattern in 27.4%, restrictive in 3.25% and mixed in 53.2%. Pulmonary functions were normal in 16.1% of the patients. Bronchoscopy revealed tracheobronchial mucosal congestion in all cases, hemorrhagic spots in 35.7%, erosions and ulcers in 12.5%. All patients were treated with oxygen, aminophylline, hydrocortisone and antibiotics. Haematemesis (n = 1) and pulmonary oedema (n = 2) developed 12 hours after the admission. Two other patients developed pneumonia 48 hours later. All patients recovered satisfactorily. On follow-up 16 patients had no sequelae after one year. Pulmonary functions were normal in 5 patients after 3 years of follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Familial hypercholesterolaemia--report of two cases.

Two young female patients aged 12 and 20 years with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia are presented with autopsy reports. Both had extensive coronary artery disease with myocardial infarction and tendon xanthomas. The first case had additional aortic stenosis.

Adult↗