Biomedical subjects

R C Kaufmann

Publications and source records attributed to R C Kaufmann.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1984

Ultrastructural changes in neonatal liver tissue: effects of maternal drinking.

There is already sufficient evidence in the literature that alcohol abuse during pregnancy has a toxic effect upon the developing fetus; however, previous studies have not revealed any morphological changes in fetal or newborn liver specimens from animals exposed to alcohol in utero. As it is known that alcohol freely crosses the placental barrier, this investigation was an attempt to demonstrate that structural abnormalities can indeed be identified in neonatal mouse liver specimens from pups exposed to alcohol in utero. Chosen as a model for this study was the C57BL/KsJ mouse strain as this particular animal demonstrates an alcohol preference paralleling that of the human alcoholic. Findings appear to indicate the presence of abnormal changes on the morphological level in these study animals.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Ultrastructural changes in preputial neural tissues: effects of maternal drinking.

Peripheral nerves in the prepuces of eight newborns were studied in this investigation. The mothers of four of these newborns were alcohol abusers but did not smoke or take coffee. The other four mothers did not drink alcohol or coffee, nor did they smoke. Using a transmission electron microscope, the peripheral nerves in preputial specimens were studied for pathological changes. In samples taken from the prepuces of those newborns with drinking mothers, the neuropathological changes seen were mainly in the unmyelinated axons. These demonstrated increased vesicular and tubular elements of agranular endoplasmic reticulum and dense bodies not found in the specimens taken from the non-drinking group. Other significant findings in the fetal preputial specimens from the alcohol group were aggregations of mitochondria and collagen entrapment.

Alcoholism↗

PubMed1981

An animal model of gestational diabetes.

Glucose tolerance tests (GTTs), hemoglobin A, levels, and pup weights were studied in both normal (C57BL/KsJ-+m/ + m) and heterozygous (C57BL/KsJ-db+/ + m) mice. There was no difference in GTT or hemoglobin A, levels between heterozygotes and normal animals in the nonpregnant state. However, the pregnant heterozygous mouse had significantly elevated GTTs (p less than 0.001) and hemoglobin A, levels (p less than 0.002) when compared to the normal pregnant mouse. The mean weight of pups from heterozygous parents was significantly greater than that of pups from normal parents (p less than 0.0005). Because the heterozygous mouse (C57BL/KsJ-db+/ + m) exhibits these characteristics of gestational diabetes, it may be possible to use it as an animal model of gestational diabetes.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

A new definition of the nonstress test.

The nonstress portions of 42 abnormal oxytocin challenge tests (OCT) and 50 negative OCT tracings were redefined by 9 criteria in the literature. The results showed that the criteria of Trierweiler et al are the most predictive of fetal outcome but would lead to unnecessary OCTs in 46% of cases. However, the criteria of Trierweiler et al in combination with a new criteria modified from thos of Paul and Miller and Evertson et al are the most predictive and lead to unnecessary OCTs in only 14% of cases.

Female↗