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Biomedical subjects

R C Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to R C Gupta.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Circulating IgG complexes in primary biliary cirrhosis. A serial study in forty patients followed for two years.

Several antibodies are present in sera of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). We have looked for evidence of antigen-antibody complexes in sera of PBC assuming that some of the antibodies may circulate complexed with an antigen. The Raji cell radioimmunoassay, which determines complement-bound immune complexes, was used to determine the levels of such complexes in serial samples of sera from forty patients with PBC followed for 2 years. Twenty-four patients (60%) were found to have significantly elevated levels of circulating complexes. In the majority they were detected from the beginning of the study and the high levels persisted. In seven patients whose sera initially had normal levels of complexes, the levels increased to become abnormal during the following year. These complexes sedimented at greater than or equal to 19S in the majority of patients studied. The mean level of C3 but not C4 was lower in patients with elevated complexes than in those with normal complexes. A significant correlation was observed between the presence of elevated complexes and the severity of the inflammatory cell infiltrate surrounding intrahepatic portal tracts and serum IgG and IgM levels. There was also a significant correlation with titres of antimitochondrial antibody, but not with the histological stage of disease or with the collagen and copper content of the liver. Although the method of detection of immune complexes is indirect and the antigen is unknown, the presence of such high levels of complexes suggests a possible role of immune complexes in the pathogenesis of PBC.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1977

Carcinogenicity of DDT (dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane) in pure inbred Swiss mice.

Inbred Swiss mice were treated with technical DDT (1) orally with the diet or by intubation; (2) subcutaneously and (3) by skin painting. The total duration of the experiment was 80 weeks. There was no difference in body growth and mortality between the experimental and control groups. Toxic manifestations of DDT were observed in treated mice in the form of tremor, convulsions and corneal opacity usually after 40 weeks. Oral and subcutaneous DDT treatment resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of tumours mainly of lymphoid tissues, lung and liver. The highest tumour incidence was recorded in the group of mice receiving DDT by subcutaneous injections. Males and females were equally susceptible. No evidence of carcinogenicity was observed in the painted group.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Effect of endosulfan pretreatment on organ weights and on pentobarbital hypnosis in rats.

The effects of endosulfan on the weights of the liver, adrenal and ovary, on pentobarbital blood and brain levels and on sleeping time (ST) have been investigated in female rats after daily oral doses of 0, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg for a period of 7 or 15 days. No significant change in body weight was observed. With higher doses (2.5--5.0 mg/kg) the liver weight was significantly increased, but ovary and adrenal weights did not increase. Endosulfan treatment shortened sleeping time, while induction time was significantly increased. The concentration of pentobarbital in the blood and brain of rats after 30 min and upon awakening indicated that there was a significant decrease at 30 min. No change at awakening was observed in endosulfan-treated rats as compared to controls. It is suggested tha endosulfan may shorten the duration of pentobarbital-induced sleep, perhaps by induction of hepatic microsomal enzyme activity.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1977

Use of specific endonuclease cleavage in RNA sequencing-an enzymic method for distinguishing between cytidine and uridine residues.

The extracellular ribonuclease I of the common slime mold physarum polycephalum (RNase Phy1), which has recently been purified to homogeneity, has been used to distinguish between C and U residues in 3'-end-labeled oligoribonucleotides. As shown by Bargetzi and coworkers, this enzyme exhibits strong cleavage preference for U-N over C-N and N-C over N-U bonds. In the present paper, conditions are being detailed, which enable one to deduce the sequences of rather large, pyrimidine-rich, terminally labeled oligonucleotides by partial digestion with RNases U2, A, and Phy1, followed by resolution of the cleavage products by size. The techniques described in this and a previous communication provide a direct means for identifying A, G, C, and U residues in end-labeled polyribonucleotides.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1977

Use of specific endonuclease cleavage in RNA sequencing.

Nonradioactive RNA fragments may be sequenced by incorporation of (3H)-label into 3'-terminal positions, controlled digestion with specific ribonucleases, and separation according to size of the digestion products on polyethyleneimine- (PEI-) cellulose thin layers. This combination of techniques allows one to measure accurately distances of specific cleavage sites from the labeled terminal positions. The cleavage specificities of RNases T1, U2, and A are utilized to identify the positions of G, A, and pyrimidine residues respectively. C and U may be distinguished by mobility differences on PEI-cellulose thin layers at ph 2.6. The procedure is simple, rapid, and highly sensitive; as little as 0.5 - 1 microgram of a RNA of the size of tRNA will be needed to sequence all fragments in a complete RNase digest.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1977

Pulmonary and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis in relation to circulating immune complexes: a quantification of immune complexes by two radioimmunoassays.

Serum specimens from 53 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis were examined for the presence of immune complexes by 2 methods, the Raji cell and the monoclonal rheumatoid factor radioimmunoassays. We found increased concentrations of immune complexes in the sera of 27 patients by one or both techniques. A significant association was found between increased concentrations of immune complexes and stage III sarcoidosis. Seventeen of 23 patients with stage III sarcoidosis and 10 of 50 with stage I or II disease had increased concentrations of immune complexes. Eight of the 10 patients with stage I or II sarcoidosis and increased concentrations of immune complexes had extrapulmonary sarcoid features, such as erythema nodosum, synovitis, or salivary gland enlargements. The size of the immune complex was 15S in one of the patients examined. Concentrations of C4 were normal. The data suggest a possible role of immune complexes in the pathogenesis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary features of sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of a short course of single daily dosage therapy of tinidazole with metronidazole in intestinal amoebiasis.

Sixty patients with symptomatic intestinal amoebiasis were treated for 3 days with a single dose of 2 g of either tinidazole or metronidazole respectively by random order. Tinidazole cured 90% of patients (27/30) an metronidazole cured 53.3% of patients (16/30). The difference was significant (p less than 0-01). Mild side-effect were reported by 26-7% of patients (8/30) in the tinidazole group as compared to mild to moderated side-effects reported by 53.3% of patients (16/30) in the metronidazole group. The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0-05). As the average patient has only a limited understanding and toleration of extended treatment courses, the advantages of a short course employing a single daily dose are obvious. With such a regimen, tinidazole was found to be superior to metronidazole in intestinal amoebiasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Reduction of neglected traumatic dislocation of the hip by heavy traction.

Heavy traction treatment was applied to seven patients with old isolated posterior dislocation of the hip. Traction of seven to eighteen kilograms applied under sedation for five to seventeen days allowed over-reduction of the dislocation. Then gradual reduction of the femoral head into the acetabulum was accomplished by reducing the traction and abducting the limb. The results were good to excellent. In six patients there was no evidence of avascular necrosis or osteoarthritis during a follow-up period of from six months to three years. The femoral heads became fully concentric. The method failed in one patient in whom the dislocation was of nine months' duration and in whome a comminuted fracture of the acetabulum and other fractures of the pelvis were also present.

Adult↗