Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R C Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to R C Gupta.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Nucleotide sequence of a reiterated rat DNA fragment.

A reiterated component of rat DNA was isolated by restriction with HindIII endonuclease and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Sequence analysis revealed that the fragment was 179 nucleotides long. Unlike the known 370N reiterated rat DNA fragment which contained a high m5C content (2.7 mole%), this repetitive element contained a rather low m5C content (0.5 mole%). The present rat repetitive sequence appeared to be of alpha-type as shown by its significant homologies with alpha DNA sequences of African green monkey and human. The possibility of sequence heterogeneity is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Studies in antifertility agents--Part XLI : Secosteroids--X : Syntheses of various stereoisomers of (+/-) 2,6 beta -diethyl-7 alpha -ethynyl-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-trans-bicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-7 beta-ol.

The syntheses of (+/-) 2 alpha,6 beta -diethyl-7 alpha -ethynyl-3 alpha-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-trans- bicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-7 beta-ol (8), (+/-)2 beta,6 beta-diethyl-7 alpha-ethynyl-3 beta-(p-methoxy-phenyl)-trans-bicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-7 beta-ol 12 and (+/-) 2 alpha,6 beta-diethyl-7 alpha-ethynyl-3 beta-(p-hydroxyphenyl)- trans-bicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-7 beta-ol (18) and their derivatives, which are essentially B-seco-steroids having cis-anti-trans, cis-syn-trans and trans-anti-trans geometries have been carried out. A study of their antiimplantation activities (AI) and receptor binding affinities (RBA) show that trans-anti-trans compounds are biologically most potent, followed by the corresponding cis-anti-trans and cis-syn-trans compounds. The most potent compound 18 is active at 1 mg/kg in rats. Introduction of 7 alpha-ethynyl group increases their AI activity; however, no significant effect on their RBA is observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Studies on the efficacy of some post-service intrauterine infusions on the conception rate of repeat breeding cattle.

The efficacy of post-insemination intrauterine infusion of Strep to-penicillin, Lugol's solution, one and two vials of Mastalone-U (Pfizer, Bombay, India, containing a combination of oxytetracycline hydrochloride, oleandomycin phosphate, neomycin sulphate, prednisolone and chlorpheniramine maleate) and distilled water was compared on the basis of conception rate with that of control in repeat breeder cows. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the treated groups and the control, except that with two vials of Mastalone-U, the conception rate was significantly low (P<0.05). The results of the present trial suggest that intrauterine infusions for the treatment of repeat breeding cows should not be used indiscriminately.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

Circulating immune complexes: possible toxins responsible for serositis (pericarditis, pleuritis, and peritonitis) in renal failure.

In 71 patients (41 men, 30 women) with advanced renal failure maintained on hemodialysis (HD), continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), or within 8 weeks after the commencement of dialysis therapy (ED), studies were performed searching for evidence of serositis and the blood levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC), measured by the polyethylene glycol precipitation method. Mean CIC levels were elevated in these patients compared to the 58 healthy subjects (mean +/- SEM 725 +/- 40, and 260 +/- 34 micrograms/ml, respectively). Serositides were significantly more prevalent in ED patients compared to both remaining groups, and tended to occur less frequently in CAPD than in HD patients. CIC levels were significantly lower in CAPD than in ED patients. The levels of CIC were significantly higher in patients with serositis compared to those without evidence of serosal inflammation (mean +/- SEM 868 +/- 71 and 677 +/- 53 micrograms/ml, respectively). In addition, immune complex-like materials were found in all of 4 effusate samples and in 10 of 27 peritoneal dialysates. It is suggested that immune complexes may be the 'uremic toxins' responsible for the serositis of renal failure, and may be secreted into serous effusions. Immune complex-like material can be removed in peritoneal dialysate, which may contribute to the lower CIC levels and lower incidence of serositis in the CAPD patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Correlation of antibody to rheumatoid arthritis associated nuclear antigen and immune complexes to disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Twenty-seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) maintained on drug regimens were studied monthly for 6-10 months. Disease activity was assessed and levels of anti-RA associated nuclear antigen (RANA) and immune complexes were determined. Anti-RANA generally paralleled disease activity in 64% of cases. Immune complex levels paralleled disease activity in 56% of cases and paralleled anti-RANA in 52% of patients. Immune complexes paralleled anti-RANA together with disease activity in only 33% of patients. Anti-RANA and/or immune complex levels paralleled disease activity indices in 82% of cases. Significant fluctuations (greater than or equal to four-fold) in anti-RANA were frequently found (65%) and were associated with concordant changes in immune complex levels 50% of the time and with changes in disease activity indices 59% of the time. The data suggest that levels of anti-RANA and immune complexes may be important in RA and warrant further investigation.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1983

Characterization of DNA in polyethylene glycol precipitated immune complexes from sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

The nature and the quantity of DNA present in the circulating immune complexes (ICs) from 30 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was characterized. DNA was extracted from IC enriched material prepared by polyethylene glycol precipitation of serum and the extracted DNA was labelled with 32P-phosphate. The size and the nature of DNA was determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. The quantity of DNA in the PEG precipitates from sera of 10 clinically active SLE was found to be significantly higher (mean 159 X 10(4) ct/min, range 49.9-807 X 10(4) ct/min) than 10 normal controls (mean 24.7 X 10(4) ct/min, range 8.7-47.8 X 10(4) ct/min). Four different sizes of DNA fragments were detected: 370-470, 150-240, 30-40 and 20 base pairs (bp). DNA of 30-40 bp and 20 bp were frequently present in both SLE and normals, but the other two large sized DNA fragments were particularly prominent in SLE patients. In the majority of samples, DNA fragments appeared double stranded.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1982

Isolation of two myosin light-chain kinases from bovine carotid artery and their regulation by phosphorylation mediated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.

Myosin light-chain kinase was purifed from bovine carotid artery. Approx. 90% of myosin kinase was extracted in the supernatant fraction with buffer containing EDTA during myofibril preparation. The soluble fraction yielded two distinct peaks on DEAE-Sephacel chromatography. Peak I was eluted at a conductance of 11-12mmho and was completely dependent on Ca(2+)-calmodulin for its activity. Peak II was eluted at a conductance of 13-14mmho and showed approx. 15% Ca(2+)-independent activity. The myosin kinases I and II were further purified by affinity chromatography by using calmodulin coupled to Sepharose 4B, which resulted in 960-and 650-fold purification of type I and type II kinases respectively. Myosin kinase II activity was completely Ca(2+)-dependent after affinity chromatography on the calmodulin-Sepharose column. Myosin kinases I and II were phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. In the presence of bound calmodulin 0.5-0.7mol of phosphate was incorporated/mol of myosin kinases I and II. On the other hand, in the absence of bound calmodulin 1-1.4mol of phosphate was incorporated/mol of kinases I and II. Phosphorylation in the absence of calmodulin significantly decreased the myosin kinase activity of both enzymes, and the decrease in myosin kinase activity was due to a 3-5-fold increase in the amount of calmodulin required for half-maximal stimulation of both type I and type II kinases. The regulation of myosin kinase activity by cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation would suggest that beta-adrenergic-mediated relaxation of vascular smooth muscle may be partly due to the direct interaction of cyclic AMP at the site of contractile proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Altered distribution and properties of cAMP-dependent protein kinase isozymes in spontaneously hypertensive rat aorta.

cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity was reduced in the cytosol fraction of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) aorta compared to that of the Kyoto Wistar control rat (WKY). Two major peaks, isozymes I and II, of soluble cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity could be separated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The distributions of isozymes I and II were 40 and 60%, respectively, in WKY compared to 26 and 74% in SHR. Isozyme I of SHR eluted at a conductance of 2-3 mmhos compared to 5-6 mmhos in WKY. In addition, activity under the peak of isozyme I of SHR was reduced by approximately 55% compared to WKY. The half-life of thermal denaturation of isozyme I at 50 degrees was 21 min in WKY compared to 84 min in SHR. On the other hand, for isozyme II no significant differences were observed between WKY and SHR in elution pattern, total activity under the peak, or thermal denaturation of enzyme activity. These data suggest that specific changes had occurred in isozyme I of SHR.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Amoebicidal and fungicidal activities of new quinazolones.

Eleven quinazolones were synthesized by condensing 2-phenylanthranil with a suitable peptide in pyridine. The compounds synthesized were characterised by their sharp melting points, elemental analysis and IR spectra. The newly synthesized compounds were tested for their amoebicidal and fungicidal activities. Some of the compounds showed promising results.

Amebicides↗
PubMed1982

Immune complexes in primary biliary cirrhosis. Higher prevalence of circulating immune complexes in patients with associated autoimmune features.

A longitudinal study, examining the levels of immune complexes serially for three years, in serum from 88 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis was performed by the Raji cell radioimmunoassay. Studies of the association of autoimmune features in primary biliary cirrhosis and the effect of D-penicillamine therapy in relation to the levels of complexes were carried out. Twenty-two patients (25 percent) were found to have autoimmune features, such as Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid-like arthritis, scleroderma, Raynaud's disease, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In this subset of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, a significantly higher prevalence (86 percent) of circulating immune complexes was detected compared with those patients showing no autoimmune features (60 percent). In addition, patients with associated autoimmune features had higher mean levels of immune complexes (259.7 micrograms AHG eq/ml) compared with those without autoimmune features (202.1 micrograms AHG eq/ml). The mean levels of complement C4, reflecting activation of classic complement pathway, were significantly lower in patients with elevated immune complexes and associated autoimmune features. The mean level of immune complexes in 13 patients receiving D-penicillamine, in contrast to the placebo group, decreased at one year but subsequently was greater than the initial level. Patients who had normal levels of immune complexes and received penicillamine therapy continued to have complex levels within the normal range for up to three years of follow-up study, but patients receiving placebo showed significantly elevated levels at subsequent intervals. Thus, levels of immune complexes in primary biliary cirrhosis may reflect the association with autoimmune features.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1982

Drive-belt or patta injuries.

With increasing electrification and mechanization in rural areas, industrial drive-belt or patta injuries have posed a serious problem. Most of these severe injuries come to hospital. Eighty-eight cases admitted to the SRN Hospital which is attached to MLN Medical College, Allahabad, over 3 years from 1977 to 1979 have been reviewed. This type of injury constituted 3.22 per cent of the total rural orthopaedic accidents (36.27 per cent of total accidents) and involved, exclusively, growing children and young people of working age, It was directly responsible for 9.09 per cent of deaths. This serious and disabling accident usually resulted from neglect or carelessness of workers and lack of adequate safety measures.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1982

Echocardiographic studies in anaemic patients before and after blood transfusions.

Echocardiographic studies were undertaken in 15 patients with acute blood loss and 15 patients with chronic anaemia, before and after blood transfusion. Clinically adequate blood transfusions resulted in a 5 mm increase in mean left ventricular internal dimensions at end systole in those with acute blood loss and a 3 mm increase in those with chronic anaemia. None of these patients developed acute pulmonary oedema. This study provides base-line data for changes in ventricular dimension resulting from the standard medical management of patients with acute and chronic blood loss. Functional aortic valvular insufficiency was documented in some cases and pericardial effusion resolving after blood transfusion was common.

Aged↗