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Biomedical subjects

R C Ellison

Publications and source records attributed to R C Ellison.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The acute cardiac risk of strenuous exercise.

During a 65-month period, 2,935 adults (mean age, 37 years) kept computer logs of amount and intensity of exercise performed. A total of 374,798 person-hours of exercise, including 2,726,272 km or running and walking, was recorded. Two cardiac events and no deaths occurred during this period. Considered in age-specific categories, the maximum risk estimates (MREs) consistent with these data (upper 95% confidence limits) range from 0.3 to 2.7 events per 10,000 person-hours of exercise for men and 0.6 to 6.0 events per 10,000 person-hours for women. The MREs for women were higher because there were fewer women in the study. If exercise were performed three time per week for 30 minutes per session for a year, these results would lead to MREs from .002 to .027 events per person-year for men and .005 to .05 events per person-year for women. Actual risks are likely to be lower.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Familial aggregation of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and total triglyceride levels in plasma.

Familial aggregation of plasma cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride was assessed on the basis of 139 white families consisting of the parents and one child, 16-18 years of age, drawn from families who had previously participated in the Collaborative Perinatal Health Study at Boston Hospital for Women in 1959-1968. The level of these lipids in the child was highly correlated with the average parental value for the respective lipids (cholesterol r=0.43, HDL-Cr = 0.36, triglyceride r = 0.42, with p < 0.001 for each). These correlations could not be explained by ponderosity. Parental values were not mutually correlated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Detection of genetic variance in blood pressure of seven-year-old twins.

Results from twin studies in older children and adults indicate that there is significant genetic variance for blood pressure (BP). Utilizing date which were collected in 12 US university-affiliated hospitals in 1966-1973 in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (NCPP), the authors sought to determine if the effects of heredity on BP variability are apparent in younger twins. BP was determined in 197 pairs of like-sexed twins at seven years of age. Significant genetic variability for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was found in the twins, with a heritability estimate of 0.53. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) results tended in the same direction but were not statistically significant. The trends were comparable for both sexes and races. These findings suggest that even at a young age substantial genetic influences on DBP variability are detectable.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1977

Glycosylated hemoglobins and long-term blood glucose control in diabetes mellitus.

The glycosylated minor hemoglobin components Hb A1a+b and HbA1c are elevated in insulin-dependent juvenile diabetic patients, 3.2+/-0.7 (+/-1 SD) and 10.0+/-1.9% of total hemoglobin respectively, versus 2.1+/-0.4 and 4.9+/-0.7% in a normal non-diabetic control population. Total glycosylated hemoglobin components, Hb A1a+b+c, correlated with the degree of diabetic blood glucose regulation as measured by antecedent 24-h urinary glucose excretion determined in 220 diabetic patients immediately before, 1, 2, and 3 months prior to the HB A1a+b+c measurement. This assay for long-term blood glucose regulation was utilized to determine the effect of hyperglycemia on plasma cholesterol levels in 112 diabetic patients. Hb A1a+b+c levels correlated with plasma cholesterol levels, suggesting that long-term hyperglycemia is associated with hypercholesterolemia. It is suggested that glycosylated hemoglobin measurement is a good index of long-term blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Clinical course in adults with ventricular septal defect.

The 38 adult patients admitted to the Natural History Study with a small ventricular defect had a generally favorable course, similar to that noted in children and adolescents. None died under medical or surgical management, and none deteriorated. Among patients treated medically, complete closure was demonstrated during the course of follow-up in one, and in the others, wo were catheterized, the shunt remained the same or decreased slightly. Significant vascular disease did not develop in any of the patients. Among seven surgically-treated patients for whom data were complete, the defect was completely closed in six. In 18 patients who had large ventricular septal defects and mild or moderate pulmonary vascular disease, no significant change occurred in the four who were managed medically. Of 14 who underwent surgery, two died; six of eight who were recatheterized had normal pulmonary arterial pressure, with no residual shunt in four and a trivial shunt in two. Two patients who had had moderate vascular disease preoperatively (RP/RS was 0.4 in both) had open defects and slightly higher resistance ratios at final catheterization. Of the 18 patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome, eight died during the study, including one of two who underwent surgery. The other surgical patient survived and showed significant hemodynamic improvement at final catheterization.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Congenital valvular aortic stenosis: clinical detection of small pressure gradient. Prepared for the joint study on the joint study on the natural history of congenital heart defects.

Clinical variables (from the history, physical examination, electrocardiogram and chest radiograph) were related to the pressure gradient measured between the left ventricle and the aorta in 434 young patients with congenital valvular aortic stenosis admitted to a national collaborative study. The aim was to devise a composite clinical criterion for the recognition of patients with a small pressure gradient, so as to expand the opportunity for avoiding cardiac catheterization in such patients. Flattened or inverted T waves in lead V6 were found to be inconsistent with mild disease. Therefore, a composite criterion, providing an estimate of pressure gradient, was developed for patients without T wave changes. The final criterion, based on multivariate analysis, involved only the intensity of the systolic murmor, the presence or absence of an early diastolic murmur, and voltages of the Q and R waves in lead V6. Patients with a low estimate by this procedure rarely had a large measured gradient. Only 3.7 percent (6 of 161) with an estimated gradient of less than 45 mm Hg had a gradient at cardiac catheterization of 80 or more mm Hg; none (0 of 32) with an estimated gradient of less than 30 mm Hg had a gradient of 50 or more mm Hg. This criterion should be helpful in avoiding unnecessary catheterization by identifying some patients with valvular aortic stenosis who have a small pressure gradient.

Adolescent↗