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Biomedical subjects

R Braunschweig

Publications and source records attributed to R Braunschweig.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[CT and HR-CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary complications of bone marrow transplantation].

The aim of this prospective study was to compare conventional and high resolution CT for demonstrating pulmonary complications. 23 patients treated by bone marrow transplantation were included in the study between December 1990 and August 1991. These patients were examined radiologically at regular intervals following the transplants. In 9 patients lung changes were detected by CT: there were pneumonic infiltrates, including one CMV pneumonia, two cases of mild parenchymal fibrosis, two cases of extensive lung fibrosis and one of miliary tuberculosis. The advantages and disadvantages of conventional and high resolution techniques are discussed in relation to our findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Evacuation proctography: physiological variability and clinical relevance of the anorectal angle and the position of the pelvic floor].

Evacuation proctography is an important imaging method for the investigation of abnormalities of defecation. For this procedure, the most commonly carried out measurements are the ano-rectal angle and the position of the pelvic floor. The given mean values and the physiologically acceptable deviations vary just as much as the perceived clinical value of these measurements. 173 evacuation proctograms were evaluated in a prospective study; the subjective abnormalities were correlated with clinical findings. No significant correlation between the measurements from the proctograms and the clinical findings could be determined. The clinical relevance of these measurements is, therefore, uncertain.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The monitor findings of digitalized conventional wrist x-rays].

The study aimed at proving the reliability of monitor systems with the matrix of 1024 x 768 for the detection of scaphoid fractures compared to conventional X-ray. Moreover, we were interested in the significance of procedures of digital imaging post processing, depending in particular on the experience of investigators. 5 investigators with different levels of experience analysed 57 X-rays of the wrist. They compared conventional X-rays with images on a high screen monitor system after the digitalisation of these X-rays by a CCD-scanner and analysed untreated and treated images. A 5-point scale ROC analysis was used for evaluation. The analysis covered a total of 1740 evaluations. The untreated images seen on the monitor system proved slightly better than conventional X-rays. Post-processing has no evident advantage over untreated images. Differing levels of experience had no effect whatsoever on the identification of findings.

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed1994

[Use of digital photoluminescence radiography in traumatology. Report of experiences].

For more than 1 year we have had the opportunity of using a digital photoluminescence radiography system that allows documentation of the radiological findings on a high-contrast scale. In addition to chest X-rays this technical unit has been used to document skeletal findings in the skull, the cervical spine and the shoulder. In all, 211 cases have been evaluated in which digital and conventional X-rays have been taken during treatment. Using a 5-step confidence scale, two experienced investigators have evaluated and compared the digital and conventional X-rays. In respect of image quality, bone outline, and structure and identification of findings, digital documentation has proved at least as good as conventional documentation, and even superior in the case of shoulder X-rays. Improved image quality is caused by the superior bone outline. Therefore, we recommended digital photoluminescence radiography as a routine procedure for the documentation of findings in the skull, cervical spine and shoulder. Repeated investigations will become unnecessary and it will be possible to cope with large numbers of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Ovarian carcinoid tumors: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of 8 cases].

Eight ovarian carcinoids, 4 trabecular and 4 strumal have been studied immunohistochemically for polypeptide hormones; three of them were also examined with the electron microscope. Seven of eight cases were positive for at least one polypeptide hormone. The trabecular parts of the 4 cases of strumal carcinoid were positive for pancreatic polypeptide. As the vesicular regions of these 4 cases were positive for thyroglobulin and for pancreatic polypeptide, we suspect the existence of "hybrid" thyroid and neuroendocrine cells. The electron microscopic examination revealed: the cell in the insular carcinoid had no distinct polarization and contained electron-dense granules of varying shape; in the trabecular part of the strumal carcinoid the cells were polarized and contained round electron-dense granules.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Dynamic 3D imaging of peripheral vessels using color-coded Doppler ultrasound].

3-D reconstructions are established as post-processive methods in CT and MRI. However, these methods permit assessment of morphological findings only. To uncover functional relations on the basis of ultrasound would also be of paramount interest. For this purpose a specific method was developed for the acquisition and time-coded 3-D reconstruction in the diagnosis of peripheral vessels, in particular of the extracranial carotid artery. An imaging device (Acuson 128 XP) with a 7.5 MHz probe, a PC-controlled stepping motor and an imaging system (Kontron Mipron) was used. Data acquisition was performed scan-by-scan in a transverse plane with a slice thickness of 1 mm along the vessel. In every slice position multiple ECG-trigger delays during the cardiac cycle were used. Data were transferred to the imaging system via videosignal. In preliminary clinical application this dynamic 3-D reconstruction method yielded good spatial resolution of the complex physiological flow phenomena in the carotid bifurcation.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1993

[Image quality evaluation and dosage requirements of digital image intensifier radiography].

In the course of a study of the advantages and disadvantages of digital image intensifier radiography, image quality and dose requirements were measured, using a phantom. Spatial resolution was related to exposure parameters, the differentiation of structural details at varying contrast concentrations and the phantom entry doses. Spatial resolution was approximately 1.8-2.0 line pairs/mm (lp/mm) and there was no recognisable effect from increasing the dose or the thickness of the phantom. Additional subsequent edge enhancement led to increased detail recognition up to 2.0 lp/mm. Also, phase inversion of the image (negative image) can improve detail recognition. Radiation dose can be reduced to 15% compared with conventional imaging methods. Digital radiography with image intensifier techniques can therefore be recommended. Optimal spatial and contrast resolution is obtained at 80-90 keV. However, some reduction in perception of the finest structural details must be accepted.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[Value of the radiologic Lachman test in evaluating long-term results of operations on the anterior cruciate ligament].

A retrospective study including a 5-years follow-up of 114 patients, that had been operated because of a lesion of the anterior cruciate ligament, used the parameters of the IKDC-score, in 110 cases a radiological Lachman-test was performed simultaneously. A comparison of patient's subjective estimate, of clinical testings, using the pivot shift-test and measurement of anterior instability with the KT-1000 knee arthrometer, and of radiological Lachman-test shows correlations between the 3 first parameters with mostly good results, but poor results in radiological Lachman-test. Mistakes in using the KT-1000 arthrometer may be a reason for this, or a much higher sensitivity of the radiological method, which seems to make it problematic analyzing the radiological measures within the same limits as the arthrometric measures especially in view of demanded scaling scores.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
PubMed1993

[Ectopic teeth in the area of the paranasal sinuses].

In contrast to dentogenious affections of the sinus maxillaris ectopic or supernumerary teeth in the paranasal sinuses are seldom. Ectopic teeth located at the ostium of the sinus maxillaris are rare, intranasal teeth are very rare and ectopic/supernumerary teeth in the sinus etmoidalis are a curiosity. We report about two patients with such ectopic teeth. A 55 year old woman had a rootless tooth in her right sinus ethmoidalis which had caused a "pseudopolyposis" with consecutive nasal airway obstruction and severe headache. A 59 year old man had ectopic teeth in both sinus maxillaris which obstructed the left ostium, causing dumbness of the left cheek and severe headache. Both patients have been cured by operation. However the presented patients demonstrate that even elaborated radiological efforts could not prove diagnosis. The etiology, diagnostical steps and treatment of these teeth are discussed. The surrounding soft tissue should be examined histologically after resection of such a tooth to prevent the development of a residual cyst and to notice the extremely rare development of malignancies deriving from the highly potential tissue of the dental follicle.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1993

[Digital hilar tomography. A comparison with the conventional technique].

The aim of the following study was to compare conventional hilar tomography and digital hilar tomography. 20 patients were examined both with conventional and digital hilar tomography using the same tomographic technique and the identical exposure dose. All patients underwent computed tomography of the chest as a golden standard. The digital technique, especially the edge-enhanced image version, showed superior image quality. ROC-analysis by 4 readers found equal diagnostic performance without any statistical difference. Digital hilar tomography shows a superior and constant image quality and lowers the rate of re-exposure. Therefore, digital hilar tomography is the preferable method.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The renaissance of simultaneous tomography with the fluorescent-film storage system].

The handling, technical and exposure details of digital simultaneous tomography are explained, while particular emphasis is placed on image quality. Selected case reports demonstrate the application of this technique by using the digital storage fluorescent system (Fa. Siemens, Erlangen). Simultaneous tomography with storage fluorescent screens is particularly suitable to demonstrate or exclude osseous findings at the skull, the column and large joints.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Postoperative monitoring of transplanted kidneys using color Doppler sonography].

In 52 renal transplant patients a prospective study was carried out to compare the validity of szintigraphy and color-duplex-sonography for demonstrating the renal blood flow. In 49 cases the questions bout intra-allograft blood flow could be answered. In two cases szintigraphy was unable to make a right evidence. Angiodynography is a non invasive method to demonstrate the blood flow in renal allografts and is able to replace the szintigraphy.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1990

[Sialography with digital image processing screens].

We recorded 45 sialograms on digital screens and discuss the use of a digital recording, processing and screening system for the diagnosis of inflammation, tumours and stones of the major salivary glands. Thirty-three investigations of a total of 33 parotid sialograms and 12 submandibular sialograms were analysed. A ductal examination with small volumes of soluble contrast media, permitting painless examination, was possible in all cases due to excellent homogeneous optical density, satisfactory detail and good contrast.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Reversible pancytopenia and cardiac murmur].

In this clinical-pathological conference the case of a patient with aplastic anemia is presented who recovered after treatment with prednisone and antilymphocyte serum. The patient's clinical course was however complicated by persistent fever and panuveitis. This was followed by acute mitral insufficiency and left ventricular failure, leading to the patient's death.

Acute Disease↗