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Biomedical subjects

R Branchi

Publications and source records attributed to R Branchi.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Prosthetic management of neuromuscular rehabilitation in hemimandibulectomy patients. A case report.

The radio-surgical treatments for carcinomas involving the oral cavity are often destructive in order to limit as much as possible the high rate of recidivism. The outcome of the combined treatment is represented by lesions on hard and soft healthy tissues besides naturally by a more or less important mandibular deviation depending on greater or lesser quantity of basal bone excised. In some cases it is possible to surgically restore the defective mandible through bone grafting; this means a quite perfect restitutio ad integrum of the mandibular arch; instead, in other cases, because of bone and soft tissue biology, general healthy state and age of the patient prosthetic management would be better as it is less invasive even if less resolutive. For a right tonsillar cavity carcinoma the patient, T. F., female, 73-year old, had undergone radical neck dissection and hemisection of the homolateral mandible. A guide-device was realized for "guiding" the residual mandible into the physiological centric occlusion position, and then a removable partial denture was realized as a definitive prosthesis. After 3 months therapy the patient was easily able to spontaneously reposition the hemimandible itself, also with considerable improvement of the masticatory function. Neuromuscular re-education of hemimandibulectomy patients via the use of a guide flange on a removable prosthesis applied to the residual mandible represents a fundamental condition for permanent prosthetic rehabilitation.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

The patient with xerostomia: medical therapy, prosthetic therapy.

The condition of xerostomia has significant consequences on both the hard and the soft components of the oral cavity, and can compromise functionality. Furthermore, this clinical complication produces negative changes in eating habits, frequently causing the loss of several kilograms of body weight. This article aims to provide as complete as possible an overview of therapeutic possibilities. Alongside medical therapy, the article will report on an experimental treatment designed for patients who are scheduled for radiation therapy to an area including a major salivary gland (in particular the parotid gland). The treatment consists in autologous transplantation of a portion of glandular tissue to a site outside the irradiated area. Lastly, a particular method for prosthetic rehabilitation, the so-called "reservoir" denture, is presented. A complete denture is produced with conventional techniques but has a small container for artificial saliva. For mandibular dentures the container is sub-divided into 3 inter-communicating chambers and is situated in the lingual flange; for maxillary dentures, a single chamber is situated in the palatine concavity. In our opinion, the mandibular reservoir denture presented here has better characteristics than other devices that have been reported in the international literature.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Cancer of the head and neck: general principles of radiobiology, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Radiation damage.

The overall incidence of tumours of the head and neck area versus tumours of other areas is 10%; in other words, 1 neoplastic lesion out of 10 affecting the human body is in this area. The relative frequency places malignant tumours of the larynx in 1(st) place with 25-30%. This data relates only to the areas of competence of the dentist and ENT specialist, and thus indicates that it is now becoming increasingly frequent for the dentist to be faced with treating a cancer patient. At the same time, it is not possible to consider as "dental cancer patients" only those patients whose disease involves an anatomic structure of the oral cavity as such. Pa-tients with tumours involving any of the anatomic structures of the head and neck area (pharynx, larynx, lip, oral cavity, pa-ranasal sinuses, nasal fossae, salivary glands) must also be included. This article provides information on the epidemiology of tumours of the head and neck, the theoretical foundations of radiobiology, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and possibilities for integration among the different possible treatment methods, i.e. radiotherapy, surgery, and chemotherapy. It looks at the most recent developments in these methods for patients with cancer of the head and neck, including the diagnostic protocol (clinical and instrumental). Lastly, irradiation damage to this anatomical area is analysed in terms of acute and delayed manifestations.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed2001

Can a prosthesis cause psychological disturbances?

This study has the aim of evaluating whether a very simplified, fixed prosthesis and correction (single crown or small bridge) can be the cause of psychological problems in some patients. The tests utilised are, STAI-Y (STAI-S for state anxiety, STAI-T for trait anxiety), BDI for depression, SP-it for stress events, SDS for somatoform disorders, The tests were given to patients at the first examination (t(0)) and at the check-up (t(1)) 1 month after the definitive prosthesis was cemented. The results have shown that somatic preoccupations, in some cases, increased from t(0) to t(1). It is then right that we ask ourselves the following: if the prosthesis were to be very complicated (implants, dentures), what would happen to the patient from a psychological standpoint?

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Temporary prosthesis for laryngotracheal stenosis: a clinical report.

Clinical and laboratory procedures to fabricate a transitional prosthesis for patients treated with laryngofissure surgery have been described. Hard resin promoted healing of the surgical area and maintained the opening because of its stiffness. The prosthesis, which can be highly polished, was easily removed by the patient for proper hygiene and was fabricated to accurately fit the inside margins of the wound. All these factors were important for a good clinical result.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[The structure of a dens in dente].

Following the observation of a clinical case of tooth in tooth removed for orthodontic reasons, a series of structural investigations on the anatomical aspect using a personal inclusion technique is described.

Dens in Dente↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prosthetic rehabilitation in a patient with systemic scleroderma].

A 49-year-old patient with systemic scleroderma was referred to the Department of Dental prostheses for the Degree in Dentistry and Dental Prostheses at Florence University because he was unable to wear his existing complete dentures. The upper denture was not correct owing to the position of the artificial teeth and the short base, and the lower denture caused pain when used. A complete new dental prosthesis was therefore required to overcome the difficulties caused by this systemic disease. Scleroderma is a progressive disease that causes the anelasticity of the mesenchymal tissues owing to post-inflammatory fibrotic and degenerative alterations of unknown etiology. Important changes also occur in the mouth: difficulty opening the mouth, hypo- or non-extendibility of the soft perioral tissues. The construction of the complete upper and lower dentures posed a series of major technical problems compared to a patient not suffering from this pathology. The first core, the rimming of the individual core holder, calculating the vertical dimension and the assembly of the front teeth were all phases that required technical modifications and special care, so that the techniques of our School could be adapted to this particular case. The cosmetic and functional result was undoubtedly good. The patient has been wearing these dental prostheses for five years with satisfaction.

Denture, Complete↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiation xerostomia].

In this paper the Authors examined several techniques of radiation therapy of head and neck neoplasis including tumors of the salivary glands. X-ray therapy presents some side-effects, in particular xerostomia is the most serious one in the oral cavity. Furthermore, the Authors discuss the more useful techniques to determine the various degrees of xerostomia also to correlate this symptom with salivary gland damage and to establish a adequate therapy.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prosthetic rehabilitation of a young patient after surgical-radiation treatment].

The surgery and radiumtherapy injuries able to reduce neoplastic lesions can determine very dreadful deformities on the younger patient's face. The peculiar treatment aim at achieve a real and sure abridgement of the aforesaid chronic lesions. To hit this target is necessary a therapeutic plain carry out, in fallow periods, by no a single but a whole of specialized doctors. The Authors report a very interesting observation concerning a very younger boy that, following a personal method, had reached a very well adaptations of the present injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Toward a medical prolepsis by chronobiology.

Medicine today strongly aims at prevention and optimization of diagnosis and therapy Studies tried staging and standardization of clinical trials in diseases and made search of markers for early diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Moreover, risk factors and other variables such as predictors are now investigated more often in groups or populations of apparently healthy subjects, especially for such diseases as atherosclerosis and neoplasia. This new aspect of increasing interest may be defined as medical prolepsis (from the Greek pi rho ómicron lambda eta psi iota zeta = anticipated idea). It includes early signals of disease (protopathology) as well as other signals the host shows as defence or alarm reaction. Hence, we suggest a chronobiological approach in this field, which allows to quantify health and reveals more subtle differences in many physiological variables. According to these views, we reported studies concerning humoral markers and other parameters considered as risk factors both in atherosclerosis and in some endocrine tumors.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Craniofacial changes following early prosthetic treatment in a case of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with complete anodontia.

The authors describe early prosthetic treatment in a case of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with complete anodontia. Craniofacial changes were analyzed by means of Ricketts' cephalometric analysis and superimposition methods. Early prosthetic treatment for complete anodontia determined a backward-downward rotation of the mandible with consequent normal positioning of the chin in the space, normalization in lower facial height, reduction in convexity of the face, and improvement in facial esthetics. Superimposition methods demonstrated that the direction of growth of both the maxilla and the mandible was progressing favorably. Improvements in esthetics and in the function of masticatory and perioral muscles, together with their positive psychological impact, were also discussed.

Age Factors↗