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Biomedical subjects

R Blaney

Publications and source records attributed to R Blaney.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Pulmonary carcinoid with papillary structure: report of a case with fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of a peripheral lung mass in a 44-yr-old man revealed a papillary tumor. Histologic examination of the mass, removed by lobectomy, demonstrated a pulmonary carcinoid tumor with papillary structure. Most papillary tumors of the lung are malignant. Pulmonary carcinoid and pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma--benign tumors--have papillary variants. Both have been described in fine-needle aspiration specimens and should be included in the differential diagnosis of papillary lung tumors. The cytologic features of pulmonary carcinoid are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The incidence of child sexual abuse in Northern Ireland.

This is part of a major epidemiological survey of the reported incidence (new cases) of child sexual abuse in Northern Ireland. Based on multi-source methodology, the study used computer-based record linkage techniques to find the number of incident cases occurring in the Province in 1987. Reporters involved with the incident cases were interviewed by OEV who recorded details of the child, the abuse, and the abuser using a specially designed questionnaire. Age-sex specific incidence rates adjusted for potential misclassification were computed and allowance made for under-ascertainment. Overall, 408 Established cases were reported during 1987. The corresponding incidence rate for Northern Ireland was 0.9 cases per 1000 children. When Suspected and Alleged cases were compared with Established cases, a further 119 cases were allocated by discriminant function analysis to the Established group, and the rate rose to 1.16 per thousand. Selected reporters were interviewed about ascertainment which was estimated to lie between 62% and 74%. If the lowest level of ascertainment applied the corresponding incidence rate for Northern Ireland would increase to 1.87. These figures are higher than those currently reported elsewhere in the UK, but methodological differences in study design hamper interregional comparisons. A number of relevant methodological problems are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Further correlates of problem drinking in Northern Ireland from a population study.

Information relating to drinking patterns was obtained by interviewing 3755 individuals comprising 85.5% of a stratified random sample of Northern Ireland electors. The prevalence of problem drinking (defined according to pre-determined criteria) was studied in relation to 11 selected socio-demographic factors. Using a multifactor statistical method which differed from that employed in earlier reports it was found that separate prevalence models were required for males and females. Male prevalence was found to depend (in rank order of importance) on age, social class, area of residence and religious denomination. Although very few (0.5%) women were classed as problem drinkers, the evidence available suggests that their prevalence pattern is quantitatively and qualitatively different from that observed in males.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Lead levels on traffic-less islands.

Surveys were conducted on three traffic-less islands: Tory and Aran, off the coast of Ireland, and Sark, one of the Channel Islands off the coast of France. Identical methods were used in surveys in three other areas, all of which have heavy gasoline driven traffic. These were Jersey, another of the Channel Islands, Ebbw Vale--a mixed industrial area, and Cardiff--the capital city of Wales. Environmental lead levels were very low in two of the traffic-less islands, but on the third, house dust lead levels were comparable with levels found throughout Wales. Blood lead levels on one of the islands were similar to those which have been reported for unaccultured remote tribes, but on the other two traffic-less islands blood lead levels were comparable with those of areas on the mainland of Wales.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Does a booklet on breast self-examination improve subsequent detection rates?

Of 28 788 women aged 40 to 74 registered at 28 university teaching practices in greater Belfast, half were randomly selected to receive a booklet on breast self-examination from their general practitioner at the start of the study and 1 year later. The frequency of breast abnormalities was identical in both groups (0.83%) during the 2-year follow-up. Early malignant breast cancers (stages TX, TO, Tla) were significantly more frequent in the intervention group (53.6%) than in the control group (24.3%). Among women in the intervention group with malignant lesions, 2 sites, left nipple and left inner/upper quadrant, were significantly less frequently involved. These findings in relation to staging and site were confirmed by multivariate comparisons. The intervention group also had a smaller average tumour size (24.0 mm compared with 32.6 mm) due to significantly smaller benign tumours and the absence of the relationship between delay and tumour size evident in the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Experimental arrhythmia elicited by low K perfusion.

Isolated rabbit hearts undergo ventricular depolarization when exposed to 0.5 mM K--Krebs during 30 to 45 min. A ventricular tachyarrhythmia develops when these hearts are allowed to repolarize in 1.5 mM K--Krebs. Ventricular fibrillation usually follows. These arrhythmias do not cease spontaneously. Initially, perfusion with 0.5 mM K hyperpolarized the membrane to -100 +/- 1.2 mV (means +/- SEM), decreased the plateau level, greatly increased the action potential duration, and slowed down intraventricular conduction, despite the level of membrane polarization and a high rate of rise of the upstroke. After a delay of 15 to 30 min, a progressive depolarization occurred and a stable potential level of -61 +/- 1.9 mV was reached. The arrhythmia elicited by perfusion with 1.5 mM K was of ventricular origin but did not appear when the previous exposure to 0.5 mM K was reduced to 10 min. Addition of verapamil (1.0 microM) to the 1.5 mM K medium did not prevent the early appearance of the arrhythmia, but restored driven electrical activity after variable delays despite the persistence of alterations in the action potential configuration. Verapamil also abolished the slow depolarizing phase of the upstroke. It is proposed that the abnormal electrical activity arose in a partly depolarized Purkinje network and it may have been triggered by the electrical nonhomogeneity created by the repolarization of ventricular cells in an extracellular K+ concentration of 1.5 mM.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Do patients read breast self-examination booklets?

If a campaign to encourage women to examine their breasts for lumps is to succeed, it is necessary for women to read the literature produced. An attempt was made to estimate whether such literature was read, and in a group of women 90.6 per cent read the booklet, and 15.9 per cent altered their behaviour. There were several other non-numerical indicators which strongly suggested that women read the literature. A large-scale study is now under way.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

The prevalence of problem drinking in Northern Ireland: a population study.

A total of 3 755 individuals constituting 85.5% of a stratified random sample of all Northern Ireland electors were interviewed about their drinking patterns as the major element in a community health study. It was found that, according to pre-determined criteria, 11.2 per 1 000 were alcoholics and another 28.5 per 1 000 were substantially preoccupied with alcohol, giving an estimated provincial total of 40 000 (+/- 3 300) abnormal drinkers. Using appropriate multivariate statistical methods the prevalence of problem drinking was found to depend (in rank order of importance) on sex, age, religious denomination and area of residence.

Adolescent↗